Drynaria fortunei

(notes on materia medica)

[synonyms] Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, Dioscorea zingiberensis, etc, Mao and Ji Jiang are commonly used folk herbs in Zhejiang Province.

[source] it is the rhizome of Drynaria fortunei, Drynaria sinensis, Drynaria chinensis, Drynaria japonica, Drynaria luminifera, Drynaria macrophylla, Drynaria Haizhou, etc.

[plant morphology] 1. Dryopteris fortunei, also known as Yajiang, yanlianjiang, panyanjiang, rouqubu, shiqubu, flying squirrel, niufeilong, feilaifeng and mothgrass.

Epiphytic herbs, 20-40 cm high. Rhizome fleshy, long and transverse, densely covered with brown yellow, linear chisel shaped scales. The leaves are thick, leathery, reddish brown or grayish brown, ovate, sessile, 5-6.5cm long, 4-5.5cm wide, pinnately lobed, much like quercetin leaves; the sporophylls are green, short petiole, winged, oblong or oblong, 20-37cm long, 8-18.5cm wide, pinnately split, 6-15 pairs of pinnae, broadly lanceolate or oblong, 4-10cm long, 1.5cm wide 5-2.5 cm, apex acute or obtuse, margin often irregular shallow wavy teeth, base 2-3 pairs of pinnae contracted into ear, both sides glabrous, veins prominent, veinlets connected into 4-5 rows of rectangular mesh. The sporangia are round, yellowish brown, arranged in 2-4 rows on both sides of the midvein. One sporangia is inserted in each rectangular vein net eye, and there is no sporangia cover.

Epiphytic to trees, forest, stone walls or walls. It is distributed in Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, etc.

② Dryopteris sinensis

Epiphytic herbs, 20-40 cm high. Rhizome densely covered with brown bright lanceolate subulate scales. The leaves are dichotomous, with few vegetative leaves, reddish brown, sessile, oblong lanceolate, 9-10 cm long and 4-9 cm wide, pinnately lobed, lobes oblong or triangular lanceolate, 2-4.5 cm long and 0.8-1.3 cm wide, apex obtuse or acute, lower lobes shortened, hairy above and hairless below; sporophylls are green, with long stalks, pale brownish red stalks, narrow wings and oblong leaves They are oblong or broadly linear lanceolate, 1-1.4 cm in width, with blunt or acute apex. The lower pinnae are shortened or auricular. Both sides of the leaves are sparsely covered with short hairs. The veins of the leaves are obviously connected into a network with veinlets. The sporangia are round, about 2.5 mm in diameter, yellowish brown, arranged in a row on both sides of the midvein, without a sporangium cover.

Born on rocks or trees in high mountains. Distributed in Qinghai, Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places.

The scales on the rhizomes of the above two plants (Drynaria fortunei) are also used for medicine.

③ Shilian ginger Dryopteris, also known as: near the Dryopteris.

Epiphytic perennial herbs, up to 60 cm tall. Rhizome fleshy coarse fat, transverse, dense lanceolate or ovate lanceolate scales, its edge with eyelashes. The leaves are 2-type, glabrous, light brown, leathery, ovate, 8-16 cm in length, 6-10 cm in width, 1 / 2-2 / 3 in depth; the petioles of spores are 8-20 cm in length, the leaves are 25-45 cm in length, 20-30 cm in width, oblong or oblong ovate, with pinnate lobes reaching the leaf axis; the lobes are alternate, one or two pairs of lower parts are slightly short or not shortened, and the middle part is 12-18 cm in length, 1.5-2.5 cm in width, It is acuminate, with sparse and shallow incisions on the margin and reticulate veins. The sporangia are arranged in a neat line on both sides of the main vein, close to the main vein, without sporangia cover.

They are distributed in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi.

④ Yajiang

Epiphytic perennial herbs, 60-150 cm high. Rhizome fleshy thick, transverse, dense brown long strip with eyelash scales. The leaves are clustered, sessile, smooth, hard leathery, oblong lanceolate, 15-25 cm wide in the middle, pinnately lobed, gradually narrowed to the lower part, the lobes above the middle are 10-20 cm long and 3 cm wide, glabrous, long caudate acuminate at the apex, articulated at the base, veins distinct, reticulate, reticulate, with separate veinlets. Sporangia are found at the intersection of the mesh near the lateral vein and the veinlet, nearly round or oblong, broken linear in shape at maturity, and without sporangia cover.

Epiphytic to a rock or tree trunk in a rain forest or seasonal rain forest. It is distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan and Yunnan.

⑤ Bright dense net fern, see "pig hair fern" article.

⑥ Drynaria macrophylla, also known as: Drynaria, South China Drynaria.

Herbs perennial, up to 1 m tall. The rhizome, together with the basal part of the bulb, is stout and thick, and the leaf base is thick and brown. The leaves are near, papery, glabrous; petioles and rachis brown; leaves triangular, about 60-90 cm in length and width, 4-or 5-pinnately divided, apically acuminate and feathered; pinnae alternate, stipitate, a pair of largest at the base, gradually smaller above the middle; pinnules have short stalks, with narrow wings along with rachis; terminal lobes oblique triangular, often bifid into unequal teeth. Sporangia are found in the middle part of the veinlets, or in the branching part of the veinlets; sporangia are cup-shaped.

Attached to rocks or tree trunks. It is distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan and Yunnan.

⑦ Haizhou Drynaria

Perennial herbs, 15-20 cm high. Rhizome long and transverse, densely covered with broad lanceolate scales, margin irregularly serrate. The leaf blade is triangular pentagonal, about 8-14 turns in length and width, about 5-7 meters in length and width; the basal pair of pinnae is the largest, about 5-7 meters in length and width; the terminal ones are oblong, 1.5-2 mm in width, obtuse; the top two lobes are thick and obtuse teeth with unequal length, and the veins are single or crossed, with one venule per tooth. The sporangia are located at the top of venules. The sporangia are cup-shaped and open to the margin. At maturity, the sporangia protrude out of the mouth and cover the top of lobes. Only the outer long obtuse teeth are moulded out.

Attached to the stone mountain. It is distributed in Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Taiwan.

[collection] in winter and spring, the leaves and mud are removed, dried in the sun or steamed, and then dried in the sun.

[medicinal materials] ① the dry rhizomes of Dryopteris fortunei, Dryopteris chinensis and Dryopteris fortunei are twisted, flat and long, often divergent, 6-20 cm long, 0.5-1-2 cm in diameter and 2-4 mm thick. The surface is light brown to dark brown, densely covered with small scales, yellowish brown to brown, soft as hair; after being burned, the remaining scales become brown to dark brown, with protruding or concave round leaf marks on both sides and upper surface. It is hard and easy to break. The section is slightly flat, reddish brown, with yellow and white vascular bundles scattered in a circle. It has no Qi, light taste and slight astringency. It is better to be thick and flat.

Quercetin is mainly produced in Zhejiang, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Fujian and other places. Dryopteris sinensis is produced in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan and Yunnan. Dryopteris glauca is produced in Sichuan and Yunnan.

② The dry rhizome of Alpinia officinalis is cylindrical or flat, thick, slightly curved and twisted, unbranched, 7-15 cm long and 1-2 cm in diameter. The surface is brownish black or grayish brown, with irregular longitudinal furrows and wrinkles. Yellowish brown fine and dense scales can be seen at the furrows, wrinkles and leaf base, and there are crying round leaf marks on it, about 1 cm in diameter. The material is hard, not easy to break, and the section is not flat. It is reddish brown with numerous yellow punctate vascular bundles arranged in a concave shape. Weak Qi and astringent taste.

Produced in Guangdong, used in Liaoning and Guangdong.

③ The dry rhizomes of Dryopteris glabrata can be seen in "Dryopteris pigmentosum".

④ The dry rhizome of Drynaria macrophylla is twisted cylindrical or slightly flat, 4-13 cm long, 7-9 mm in diameter, with brown surface, longitudinal furrows and wrinkles, and a small amount of yellowish brown scales. There are protuberant and round basal scars on the upper side. It's hard. Easy to break. The section is slightly flat, reddish brown, with many yellow punctate vascular bundles arranged in a ring, and two large crescent vascular bundles in the center. Weak Qi and astringent taste.

Produced in Guangxi and Guangdong, used in Liaoning, Guangxi and Guangdong.

[chemical constituents] the rhizome of Dryopteris fortunei contains 16.4% starch, 5.37% glucose and naringin.

[processing] Rhizoma Drynariae: remove mud and sand impurities, wash, slightly soak, moisten, slice and dry. Sand scalding Drynaria: take sand and stir fry it in a pot. Add the picked Drynaria and stir fry until it is puffed up. The hair is scorched yellow. Take it out quickly, remove the sand, cool and remove the hair.

"Lei Gong Paozhi Lun" says, "if you want to make Drynaria, you should first use a steel knife to scrape off the yellow and red hair, then cut it carefully, mix it with honey to make it moist, steam it in a willow steamer for a day, and then use it to dry. "

Bitter and warm.

① Rihuazi materia medica: "Ping. "

② Kaibao materia medica: "it tastes bitter, warm and nontoxic. "

③ "Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine annals": "sweet slightly bitter, warm. "

[Guijing] into the liver and kidney channels.

① Compendium: "foot Shaoyin. "

② "Seeking truth from Materia Medica" says: "entering the kidney, entering the heart at the same time. "

③ Ben Cao Zai Xin: "entering liver and kidney meridians. "

[function master]

Chinese PinYin : Gu Sui Bu