Oysters

Oyster (Ben Jing)

[synonyms] oyster clam (Ben Jing), Guben (Yang Fu's records of foreign bodies), zuogu oyster (behind the elbow), oyster clam (BIE Lu), oyster house, PU (Ben Cao Tu Jing), shell (Zhejiang traditional Chinese medicine manual), oyster shell, oyster skin (Shandong traditional Chinese Medicine), left shell (records of traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the shells of Crassostrea rivieri, Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea Dalian Bay.

[animal morphology] 1

2 pieces of shell, thick, round, oval or triangular. The left shell is attached, large and thick. The right shell (i.e. upper shell) is slightly flat and smaller than the left shell (i.e. lower shell), with extremely thin and straight yellowish brown or purplish brown scales on the surface; for individuals aged 1-2 years, scales are flat, thin, brittle, sometimes free; for individuals aged 2-several years, scales are flat, sometimes undulating into weak water waves on the back edge; for individuals growing for many years, scales are overlapped layer by layer, as thick as stone. The shell surface is gray, green, purple, brown and other colors, the inner surface is white, and the edge is grayish purple. The ligaments are purple black, with large scar of adductor muscle, light yellow, mostly oval or kidney shaped, located in the middle dorsal side. The feet degenerate, without filaments.

They live in the rivers and the sea of people. Omnivorous, feeding on small plankton. It is distributed along the coasts of China, and cultivated along the coasts of Guangdong, Fujian and Shandong.

② Long oyster

The shell is large, hard and thick, long and strip-shaped. The back and abdomen are almost parallel. Generally, the shell is three times longer than the shell. The left shell is attached. The right shell is flat as a cover, and the scales are annular, wavy, sparsely arranged, with few layers. The shell surface is light purple, gray white or yellowish brown. The inner surface of the shell is porcelain white. Adductor muscle scar horseshoe shaped, brown yellow, located in the back of the shell. The scales of the left shell are larger than those of the right. The fleshy part is soft, and the gills are straight, not bent to the posterior horn.

It is distributed along the coast of China. It is a good breed for breeding in Estuary and inner bay.

③ Dalian Bay oyster

The shell is large, medium thick, extending from front to back, spreading from the top to the back, approximately triangular. The left shell is attached. The scales on the surface of the right shell undulate into water waves, which was not as flat as that of the oyster. The surface of the shell is light yellow; the inner surface of the shell is white. Adductor scar white or purple, located in the back. The fleshy part is elongated, and the gills extend from the front to the rear center with small curvature.

It is distributed along the northern coast.

All kinds of oyster meat (oyster meat) are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] it can be collected all year round. After obtaining, remove the meat, shell, wash and dry.

[medicinal material] it is irregular oval, triangular or oblong shells of different sizes, usually 10-30 cm in length, 5-10 cm in width and 1-3 cm in thickness. It is gray, light grayish brown or grayish blue in appearance, layered and with curved rough lamina. The inner surface of the shell is mostly milky white, smooth and glossy, with horizontal and dull lines at the base, and wavy laminations at the edge. The left shell is thicker and larger than the right shell, and it is uneven. There are conch and moss on the outside of the shell, and there are holes on the surface, and there are small shells in the hole; the right shell is thin and small, and it is flat. It is hard, not easy to break, with white section and layered. There is no gas, and the taste is slightly salty. It's better to be big, tidy and smooth inside.

It is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Hebei, Liaoning and Shandong coastal areas.

[chemical composition] it contains 80-95% calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate and calcium sulfate, as well as magnesium, aluminum, silicon and iron oxide. In addition, the shell of the oyster in Dalian Bay contains more than 90% calcium carbonate, about 1.72% organic matter, and a small amount of magnesium, iron, silicate, sulfate, phosphate and chloride. After calcination, carbonate decomposes to produce calcium oxide and organic matter is destroyed.

[processing] raw oyster: washed, dried and ground. Calcined Oysters: put the washed oysters on a smoke-free fire and calcine them until they are gray. Take them out to cool and crush them.

It's salty, wet and cool.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes salty and flat. "

② Bielu: "slightly cold, non-toxic. "

③ "Ben Cao Zheng": "taste slightly salty, slightly astringent, Qi level. "

[Guijing] into the liver and kidney channels.

① "Tang Ye Ben Cao": "enter the foot Shaoyin meridian. "

② "Into the foot Shaoyin, Jueyin and Shaoyang meridians. "

[functions and indications] gather Yin, latent Yang, stop sweating, astringent essence, resolve phlegm, soften and firm. Treatment of convulsion, dizziness, spontaneous sweating, night sweating, spermatorrhea, drenching, metrorrhagia, leucorrhea, scrofula, gall.

It is used for palpitation, insomnia, vertigo, tinnitus, purulent phlegm, lump, spontaneous sweating, night sweating, spermatorrhea collapse, stomach pain and pantothenic acid. Calcined oyster is astringent. It is used for spontaneous sweating, night sweating, spermatorrhea collapse, stomachache and acid swallowing.

(1) Yiyin Qianyang: Shengyong is used to treat hot flashes, night sweats, headache, dizziness, irritability and insomnia of yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity.

(2) Ruanjian Sanjie: it is used to treat scrofula and mass.

(3) Astringent: it is used to cure hyperhidrosis, spermatorrhea, leucorrhea, metrorrhagia, diarrhea, etc. it is often combined with keel.

(4) Can also be used for gastric acid, often with cuttlefish bone.

① "Ben Jing" says: "the main typhoid cold and heat, warm malaria spilled, angry, in addition to slow rat fistula, women take red and white. Take long to strengthen your bones. "

② Bielu: "in addition to heat in the joints, Rongwei, Xu heat to come and go, full of trouble; antiperspiration, heartache, Qijie, thirst, in addition to old blood. Astringent small intestine, stop defecation and defecation, treatment of ejaculation, throat obstruction, cough, heart hypochondriac distension heat. "

③ "On medicinal properties": it is mainly used to treat women's collapse. It can stop night sweats, remove wind heat and relieve pain. Treatment of warm malaria. And take it with eucommia ulmoides to stop night sweats. If the patient is deficient and hot, Rehmannia glutinosa and grass should be added. "

④ "Materia medica gleanings": "mashed powder, powder body, main adults and children night sweat, and Mahuang root, Cnidium monnieri, dried ginger powder, to Yin sweat. "

⑤ "Haiyao Materia Medica": "it can nourish and calm the mind, and treat children's convulsion and epilepsy. "

⑥ "Pearl bag": soft swelling. It is also used to treat febrile malaria, sore swelling and astringent. "

⑦ "The compendium of Chinese medicine" says: "resolving phlegm, softening and firmness, clearing away heat and dampness, stopping heart and temper pain, dysentery, red, white and turbid, eliminating hernia and mass, gall disease and tuberculosis. "

⑧ "Zhihiccup" in "Zhongshen Xilu of medicine". "

⑨ Modern practical Chinese medicine: "it is an acid making agent, which has the effect of harmonizing stomach and relieving pain. It can treat excessive stomach acid, weakness, night sweat, palpitation, movement, muscle tearing, etc. It is effective for pregnant women and children with calcium deficiency and tuberculosis. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.3 ~ 1 Liang; or into pills, powder. External use: grind powder, sprinkle dry, mix and apply or make powder.

[taboo] 1. In Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu: "Fritillaria is used for it; licorice, Achyranthes bidentata, Polygala tenuifolia and snake bed are good. Ephedra Sinica, Cornus officinalis, Magnolia. "

② According to the classic of Materia Medica, "it is appropriate to use it when the disease is deficient and hot, to avoid it when the disease is deficient and cold, to avoid it when the kidney is deficient and without fire, and not when the essence is cold. "

[prescription selection] ① treatment of vertigo: Oyster six coins, keel six coins, chrysanthemum three coins, medlar four coins, Polygonum multiflorum four coins. Take it in water. (Shandong Handbook of Chinese herbal medicine)

② Treatment of Lily disease, thirst is not: trichosanthes root, oyster (boil), etc. For the fine end, drink and take Fangcun dagger, three times a day. (Trichosanthes and oysters powder in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)

③ Cure all thirst: big oyster regardless of how much, yellow mud wrapped calcined red, put cold for the end, with live crucian fried soup transfer a money dagger, children take half money dagger. (empirical formula)

④ Cure urinate a few much: Oyster 52 (burn ash), child defecate 3 litre. Fry until two liters. Serve in three parts. (business in heaven and earth)

⑤ Treatment of urine drenching Yi, take blood medicine does not work: oyster, Phellodendron (fried), etc. For the end, each take a money, fennel soup under the effect. (Fu Zi, medical integration)

⑥ In the treatment of avalanche, red and white are not only leaked, but also Qi deficiency is exhausted: oyster and turtle shell are three Liang each. On two flavor, governance under sieve, wine service square inch dagger, three days. (Qian Jin Fang)

⑦ To cure deficiency and new disease, body fluid is not solid, body often sweating, lying at night is very, long and more than, barren and thin, heart bleary, short Qi tired: ephedra root (wash), astragalus, oyster (rice swill dip, burn red) each one or two. A total of coarse powder, each serving three money, water and a half, more than 100 grains of wheat, with fried to eight minutes, to dross hot service, two days, regardless of time. (bureau)

⑧ Sleep is night sweat, wind deficiency headache: oyster, Atractylodes macrocephala, Fangfeng each three Liang. Under the rule of sieve, wine service square inch dagger, two days. (oyster powder in Qian Jin Fang)

⑨ Treatment of night sweat and Yin sweat: Oyster grind fine powder, there is sweat place to flutter. (empirical formula)

⑩ After the treatment of febrile diseases, the stools were very loose, and the number of veins was still counted on the third or fourth line of the 12th week. Grind thin, water 8 cups, decoct take 3 cups, cent temperature 3 take. (Yi Jia Jian, differentiation of epidemic febrile diseases)

(11) cure all kinds of diseases: one oyster (calcined) four Liang, Xuanshen three Liang. Mash for the end, to paste pills such as Tung big, morning and evening after eating, pro lying each take 30 pills, wine. (experience formula) oyster powder and chicken bile for paste. (syndrome differentiation and treatment of pulse causes)

(12) treatment of excessive gastric acid: oyster, cuttlebone each five money, Fritillaria thunbergii four money. Grind fine powder together, take three money each time, three times a day. (Shandong Handbook of Chinese herbal medicine)

After the treatment of serious illness, the small laborer had a bad nose: Ten left oysters and five plaster. At the end of the square, he took the dagger three times. You can also take honey pills like Wuzi. (behind the elbow)

(14) treatment of golden sore bleeding: apply oyster powder. (behind the elbow)

His heart and temper are painful and he has phlegm. With oyster calcined into powder, wine to serve two money.

(16) malaria is cold and hot. With oyster powder, eucommia, etc. into the end, add honey to make balls, such as Wuzi big. Take 50 pills in warm water.

Night sweats due to Qi deficiency. With oyster powder, eucommia, etc. into the end. Take a spoonful of each, and the wine is delivered.

(18) postpartum night sweats. Use oyster powder, wheat bran (fried yellow), etc. For each serving, the pork soup is adjusted.

(19) quench thirst and drink water. Seal the oyster with yellow mud, calcine it and grind it into powder. Each serving a money, live crucian fried soup tune down.

Lilium becomes thirsty

Chinese PinYin : Mu Li