Puffball

Puffball

(bielu)

[synonyms] Ma Yin (bielu), Ma Xibo (Tao Hongjing), Ma Yimiao (Shu materia medica), grey mushroom (experience Liangli), Ma Xibao (Pocket prescription), Niu shigu (compendium), grey Baojun (empirical identification method of traditional Chinese Medicine), Yao Bao (Hebei medicinal materials), Renren, Niu Shijun, atmospheric bacteria, grey bacteria (Nanning pharmaceutical records), jishenjun, Diyan (Guangxi Zhongyan) (medicine records).

[source] it is the dry fruiting body of three species in the family mabaceae.

[plant morphology] 1

Fruiting bodies subglobose to oblong, 15-20 cm in diameter. The envelope is thin and easy to disappear. The outer envelope is separated from the inner envelope in pieces. The inner envelope is papery and light smoky. All the spores disappear when it matures, leaving clusters of spores rolling with the wind. The sporophyte is compact. It is elastic, grayish brown, gradually fading into light smoke color, composed of filaments and spores; filaments are long, branched, interwoven, light brown, 2-4.5 μ m thick; spores are brown, spherical, with small spines. The diameter is 4.5-5 μ M

Born on the grass. Distributed in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou and other places.

② The great decadent horse

The body is spherical or subspherical, 15-20 cm in diameter, or larger, with no or very small base of sterility; it is white coated, then light yellow or light bluish yellow, composed of membranous outer coat and thick inner coat, with villi at the beginning, gradually smooth and brittle, and splits into pieces after maturity, exposing light bluish Brown spores; the spores are powdery, spherical, smooth or sometimes with minute verruca, light bluish green It is yellow, 3.5-5 μ m in diameter, long filaments, with the same color as spores, slightly branched, with sparse septa, 2.5-6 μ m thick.

Born in the wilderness. Distributed in Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Jiangsu and other places.

③ Purple decadent puffer

The fruiting body is gyriform, 5-12 cm in diameter, with well-developed sterile base; the coating is thin, two-layer, the upper part often splits into small pieces, gradually falls off, and the inner part is purple. When the spores and hyphae are lost, the sterile base is cup-shaped; the spores are powdery, spherical, 4-5.5 μ m in diameter, with small spines on them; the hyphae are very long, branched, with transverse septa, interwoven, pale, 2-5 μ m thick,

It's on the grass. It is distributed in Hebei, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Sichuan, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, etc.

[collection] from July to September, when the fruiting bodies are just hot, they are harvested, pulled up, removed the sediment and dried in the sun. This product grows very fast in mildewy season and matures in 4-5 days. Attention should be paid to timely harvest. The quality will be affected if it is too early or too late.

[medicinal materials] 1. The fruiting bodies of exfoliated puffer are oblate or spheroid, with a diameter of 15-18 cm or more. The outer skin is grayish brown to yellowish brown, papery, often broken and flaky, or completely exfoliated. The exfoliated puffer is yellowish brown or tan cotton wadding. The body is light bubble, soft and elastic. There are a lot of spores in it. It has a delicate and soft feeling when twisted by hand. The smell is weak. It is better to have a big, full, loose and elastic bubble.

Produced in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Gansu, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Hubei and other places.

② The fruiting bodies of the great decadent puffer have been compressed into irregular blocks. The outer covering is thick, hard and brittle, yellowish brown. The inner coating is grayish yellow, papery, with spores inside, light bluish brown, flocculent, and dust-like spores fly out when gently twisted. Weak Qi, slightly bitter taste.

It is mainly produced in Qinghai.

③ The fruiting bodies are oblate or cup-shaped, 5-12 cm in diameter. There are petioles at the base, with purplish brown coating, coarse wrinkle, round depression, thin coating and eversion. The upper coating has fallen off, showing purple flocculent spores. The body is light and elastic, and a large number of spores fly when twisted by hand. The smell is weak.

It is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Hubei, Guangxi and other places.

In addition to the above varieties, there are also the dried fruiting bodies of the same family of plants, which are also used as medicine. It is small in shape, usually 2-4cm in diameter, oblate in the upper part and short in the lower part. The skin is hard and brittle, and does not appear spongy inside.

Produced in Sichuan, Hubei, Yunnan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Hunan and other places.

[chemical composition] it contains emmatein, ergosterol, platinum phosphate, leucine, tyrosine and other amino acids.

[processing] remove the hard skin and cut into cubes.

"The compendium of compendium" says: "for any use, open the cloth with raw cloth, rub the horse on the top, and take the last use with a plate on the bottom. "

[flavor] pungent, flat.

① Bielu: "it tastes pungent, flat and nontoxic. "

② Yilin zuanyao: "Xin Xian, Ping. "

[Guijing] Gangmu: "lung Jing. "

Functions and indications: clearing lung and throat, detoxifying and hemostatic. It is used to treat throat obstruction, sore throat, cough, aphasia, hematemesis, bleeding, trauma and bleeding.

① "Bielu": the main evil sores, horse scabies. "

② Tao Hongjing: "apply various sores. "

③ Bencao Yanyi: "remove the membrane, knead and mix with honey, drink less with water, and treat throat closure and sore throat. "

④ Compendium: "clearing lung, dispersing blood heat, detoxifying. It can clear lung heat, cough, throat obstruction, bleeding and aphasia. "

⑤ "Yucatalpa medicine solution": treatment of bone sticking and hematemesis. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 coin; or into pills, powder. External use: grind and sprinkle, adjust and apply, or blow medicine.

[taboo] yinpianxinshen: "it is forbidden to use in the case of wind cold cough and aphasia. "

[prescription selection] ① for sore throat, the pharyngeal object is not allowed: a snake peels off its skin (burning to the end of the smoke), and a Mabu scores. On the drug for powder, to Mian wrapped a money, containing pharyngeal fluid. (Sheng Hui Fang)

② Treatment of acute closed throat: flattery Bo, fireworks and nitrate each one or two. At the end of each word Xu, blowing into the throat, spitting blood out, the more. (good recipe for experience)

Third, treat a long cough: Wutong Bo not much, fine, refined honey as pills, such as Wu Tong Zi big, each serving twenty pills, soup sent. (the flattering pill in Puji Fang)

④ The sound of treatment can not be lost: flatter Bo, Ma Ya Xiao, etc., grind the end, sugar and pill, big, hold it. (pick Yuan Fang)

⑤ Treatment of hematemesis: flattery bag, for the end, sugar pills such as billiard big, every half pill, cold water. (Pocket recipe)

⑥ Treatment of pregnancy vomiting more than: Ma BoMo, thick rice drink half money. (Sheng Hui Fang)

⑦ For the first time, I feel sick of cold and weight. For the second time, my head and face are swollen. I can't open my mouth. My throat is not good. I'm thirsty and my tongue is dry. I have five bucks each for Scutellaria baicalensis (fried with wine) and Coptis chinensis (fried with wine), two bucks each for tangerine peel (decolorized), raw licorice, Yuanshen, bupleurum and Platycodon grandiflorum, one bucks each for Forsythia suspense, isatis root, Mabo, rat mucus seed and mint, and seven buckthorn and Cimicifuga. For the end, soup tune, always take it. Or honey mixed for the pill, hold. (Li Gao, Puji Xiaodu drink)

⑧ Treatment of acne: onion salt soup wash, wipe dry, to flatter Bo Mo applied. (history of barnyard grass)

⑨ Treatment of carbuncle and gangrene: Ma Bo powder, rice vinegar tune that disappear; into a little forsythia, decoction can also be. (surgical prescriptions)

[clinical application] external hemostasis of exfoliated puffer

Its dosage forms are: a puffer powder (puffer spores): peel off the top of the puffer, dig out the contents, screen out the spores, or shake it in a conical flask to make the spores fall, collect the spores and sterilize them under high pressure. Two puffer mycelial sponge (puffer flocculent pad): remove the coating of puffer, cut it into blocks of different thickness and size, and sterilize it under high pressure. 3. Mabo bandage and Mabo gauze: use 45% alcohol to add appropriate amount of Mabo powder to make it into 4% Mabo suspension, immerse the bandage or gauze, take out the bandage or gauze, squeeze out the liquid and disinfect it with dry heat.

① Used for hemostasis in surgical operation

There were 25 cases of prostatectomy, 2 cases of rupture of liver and spleen bleeding, 1 case of partial nephrectomy, 3 cases of hepatic lobectomy, and 1 case of hemostasis in the operation of obstructive jaundice. The usage of the sponge is basically the same as other animal and plant hemostatic sponges. Before use, the sponge does not need to be soaked in water, but is directly pasted on the wound surface and slightly compressed. When using mabe powder, first use gauze to protect the surrounding organs, then spread mabe powder on the wound surface, and then press slightly. The dosage of Mabo powder is less, and it has strong adhesion. It can be spread on a thin layer of bleeding wound of parenchymal organs, and it can stop bleeding without any covering material. The bleeding wound after partial resection of parenchymal organs or traumatic rupture can be stopped by mabe, which can avoid the massive suture tissue and the tissue necrosis, secondary infection and rebleeding caused by it. For hemostasis of prostatectomy, because the powder is very fine, it does not block the urinary tract; and the pressure on the wall of the prostate capsule is more uniform; the longest disappearance time of gross hematuria is 3 days, which is significantly shorter than that of other methods in 3-7 days; because it has antibacterial effect, it can prevent infection; the reaction of foreign bodies is also small. It is possible to indwelling catheter in bladder and urethra after hemostasis with mabe in a secretory urethra operation. The hemostatic mechanism of mabe is considered to be physical and mechanical.

② Used for hemostasis in stomatology department

The bleeding of alveolar fossa during tooth extraction can be stopped by placing Mabo flocculent pad to fill and press; the bleeding of oral mucosa caused by comminuted tear due to trauma, difficulty in suturing, or bleeding of gingiva and exposure of wound surface can also be stopped by spreading Mabo powder and pressing with gauze. Because the Mabo wadding pad can't be completely absorbed by the tissue, it can't be used for hemostasis or dead space packing.

③ For epistaxis

Put the foam pad on the bleeding point and press it gently. According to the observation of 113 cases, 109 cases achieved good results.

④ For traumatic bleeding

For cutting, contusion, stabbing and other bleeding, it can be spread with powder or flocculent mat, bandage or gauze. According to the observation of 467 cases, the effective rate was 97.8%.

⑤ Others

Mabo can also be made into pills, lozenges, the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection; or made into ointment for the treatment of chilblain. Furuncle, etc

Chinese PinYin : Ma Bo