Sophora flavescens

Chinese Name: Sophora flavescens

[category]: Radix Sophorae Flavescentis

(Ben Jing)

[synonyms] kugu (compendium), Chuanshen (Guizhou folk medicine Collection), Fenghuang claw (Guangxi Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine plant), niushen (Hunan medicine record).

[source] it is the root of Sophora flavescens.

[plant morphology] Sophora flavescens, also known as Sophora japonica (Ben Jing), Sophora japonica, Sophora japonica, Sophora japonica, Sophora japonica, white stem, huma, cen stem, Lubai, Linglang (BIE Lu), Sophora japonica (Gang Mu), Sophora japonica, white calyx.

Subshrub, 50-120 cm high. Root terete, outer skin yellow. Stems and branches herbaceous, green, with irregular longitudinal grooves, covered with yellow hairs when young. The leaves are 20-25 cm long, with fine hairs on the leaf axis. The leaflets are 5-21, with short petioles, ovate elliptic to oblong elliptic lanceolate, apex rounded or obtuse, base rounded or broadly cuneate, entire. Raceme terminal, 10-20 cm long, short hairy; bracts linear; flowers yellowish white; calyx bell shaped, slightly skewed, apex 5-lobed; corolla butterfly shaped, flag petal slightly longer than other petals, apex nearly round; stamen 10, filaments free, only base healed; pistil 1, ovary superior, ovary stalk hairy, style slender, stigma round. Pods linear, apex long beaked, not dehiscent at maturity. The seeds are usually 3-7, black and subglobose. The flowering period is from May to July. The fruit period is from July to September.

It grows on hillside grassland, plain, roadside, sandy land and red soil. It is distributed all over China.

The seeds of this plant (Sophora flavescens L.) are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] spring and autumn harvest, autumn harvest is the best. After digging out the root, remove the root head and fibrous root, wash the sediment and dry it in the sun. Fresh root slices dried in the sun, said Kushen tablets.

[medicinal material] the dry roots are cylindrical, 10-30 cm long and 1-2.4 cm in diameter. There are obvious longitudinal wrinkles on the surface, prominent and slightly reversed lenticels, and transverse extension. The cork is very thin, brownish yellow or grayish brown, most of which are broken and curled outward, easy to peel off and show yellow smooth skin. The material is hard, not easy to break, and the fracture surface is thick fibrous. The cross section is yellowish white with obvious cambium. It is pungent and bitter. Sophora flavescens tablets are oblique cut slices with different shapes and sizes. They are oblong or oblong, 2-5 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide and 2-5 mm thick. It is hard, with yellowish white section, ring-shaped rings and radiating xylem. It is better to be neat, yellow and white in color and bitter in taste.

All over the country, with Shanxi, Hubei, Henan, Hebei output larger.

[chemical constituents] the roots contain a variety of alkaloids: d-matrine, d-oxymatrine, sophoricol, l-coumarine, l-methylgenistein, l-pseudoindoline and sophocarpine. It also contains flavonoids: flavanol, isoflavanol, 3,4 ', 5-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-8-isopentenyl flavone, 8-isopentenyl kaempferol, etc. The stem and leaf contain luteolin-7-glucoside.

(1) diuretic effect

Both the decoction and matrine can produce diuretic effect in rabbits, and the salt excretion increases before the increase of urine volume. However, the number of rabbits used in the experiment is relatively small, and the situation of drinking water control is not described, so some people think that further research is needed.

② The role of anti Mycoplasma

In vitro, high concentration (1:100) of the decoction had inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Decoction (8%) and water extract (1:3) had different degrees of inhibition on some common skin fungi in vitro. The results showed that the alcohol extract had anti trichomonal effect in vitro, which was weaker than Coptis chinensis and similar to Cnidium monnieri.

③ Other functions

When matrine was injected into rabbits, central nerve paralysis was found, spasm occurred at the same time, and eventually died of respiratory arrest. When injected into frogs, they were initially excited, then paralyzed, and their breathing became slow and irregular. At last, they had spasms, which stopped breathing and died. The spasms were probably caused by hyperreflexia of the spinal cord. The minimum lethal dose to rabbits was 0.4 g / kg.

[processing] clean impurities, remove residual stems, clean soil, soak in water, take out, moisten thoroughly, slice and dry.

"When the rice has been steamed on the surface of the water, it must be soaked in thick glutinous rice juice and dried. "

Bitter, cold.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and cold. "

② Bielu: "non toxic. "

③ "Materia Medica from the new": "great pain, great cold. "

[channel tropism] into liver, kidney, large intestine and small intestine.

① Zhang Yuanyuan: "Shaoyin kidney meridian. "

② "Lei Gong processed medicine solution": "into the stomach, large intestine, liver, kidney four channels. "

③ New edition of materia medica: "enter the heart, lung, kidney and large intestine meridians. "

Functions and indications: clearing heat, drying dampness and killing insects. Treatment of heat toxin, blood dysentery, intestinal wind, blood, jaundice, leucorrhea, infantile pneumonia, malnutrition, acute tonsillitis, hemorrhoids, anal prolapse, skin itching, scabies, itching, scrofula, scald. External treatment of trichomonal vaginitis.

① "Ben Jing" says: "master the heart and abdomen to build up Qi, the accumulation of Bai Huang, jaundice, drowning with residual Li, expel water, remove carbuncle and swelling, tonify the middle, brighten eyes and stop tears. "

② Bielu: "it can nourish the liver and gallbladder Qi, calm the five zang organs, stabilize the mind, benefit the essence, benefit the nine orifices, eliminate the heat of the bowels, relieve thirst, sober up, urinate yellow, treat the lower part of the ulcer, level the stomach qi, and make people addicted to food. "

③ Tao Hongjing: "the evil patients drink wine stains, and those who suffer from scabies are also treated. The cover can kill insects. "

④ According to the theory of medicinal properties, "it can treat heat and toxic wind, skin dryness and sores, red scabies and eyebrows. It can mainly remove heat and drowsiness, cold pain in the abdomen, abdominal pain in the middle evil, depression in the body and accumulation in the heart and abdomen. "

⑤ "Tang Materia Medica": "cure tibial acid, cure evil insects. "

⑥ Rihua in materia medica: "kill chancre insect. Fried with tobacco for the end, rice drink, the treatment of intestinal wind under the blood and heat dysentery. "

⑦ "Pearl bag": "dehumidification. "

⑧ "Diannan Materia Medica": "cooling blood, relieving heat toxin, scabies, pyoderma. Treatment of skin itching, blood wind ringworm, naughty white chip, intestinal wind under the blood, bloody stool. Xiaofeng, xiaozhongdu, tandu. "

⑨ "Materia Medica from the new": "dryness and dampness, win heat, treat dreamy and slippery essence. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or into pills, powder. External use: wash with boiling water.

[should avoid] it should not be taken if the spleen and stomach are deficient and cold.

① "The collection and annotation of Materia Medica classic" and "Scrophularia as its envoy". Fritillaria, rhaponticum, Cuscuta. Anti Veratrum. "

② "Introduction to medicine": "use with caution for the weak stomach. "

③ According to the classic of Materia Medica, taking it for a long time can damage the kidney qi. Do not take it if the liver and kidney are deficient but without great heat. "

[prescription selection] 1. To cure blood dysentery, stir fried Radix Sophorae Flavescentis is the end, and the water pill is big. Take 15 pills each time and drink rice. (Ren Cun Tang experience prescription)

② Treatment of hemorrhoids and bleeding, intestinal wind blood, wine poison blood: Sophora flavescens (sliced, soaked in wine, steamed for nine times, fried yellow for the end, net) one jin, Rehmannia four Liang (soaked in wine for a night, steamed, mashed). Add honey for the pill. Two yuan per serving, white soup or wine, twice a day. (Kushen Dihuang Wan, surgical Dacheng)

③ In the treatment of grain jaundice, the head spins after eating, the heart is depressed and restless, and turns yellow. It is caused by the loss of hunger and heavy eating, and the stomach qi is flushed and smoked: three Liang Sophora flavescens and one combination of gentian (end). Niudan pill is like Wuzi. Take five pills with ginger juice, three times a day. (behind the elbow)

④ Treatment of red and white belt: Sophora flavescens two liang, oyster one two five money. For the end, a male pig tripe, three bowls of water boiled, mashed mud and balls, Wuzi big. Take 100 pills each time, warm wine. (Jide hall experience prescription)

⑤ Treatment of lower ulcer leakage: Kushen decoction, wash it every day. (ren Zhai Zhi Zhi Fang)

⑥ Treatment of colorectal prolapse: Sophora flavescens, Galla chinensis, Chen bi tu, etc. Wash it with decocting soup and apply it with Equisetum powder. (medical abstract)

⑦ Treatment of heart and lung heat, kidney wind poison attack on the skin, when the scabies, itching unbearable, when the yellow water, and wind, hand and foot rotten, eyebrows fall off, all wind diseases: Sophora flavescens 32 Liang, Schizonepeta tenuifolia (stem) 16 Liang. It is fine and water paste is large, such as Wutong. Take 30 pills each time, swallow good tea or Schizonepeta tenuifolia soup, and take after eating. (Kushen pill in kufang)

⑧ Treatment of leakage, purulent and fat sores, purulent nest sores, Lali head, wind and itch all over the body, addiction rash, scabies, abnormal itching, numbness, wind, sore hands and feet, ragged skin, extremely itchy scrotum, and return to Yin itching and wet itching: one jin of Sophora flavescens (as the end), goose hair (fried with sesame oil) six Liang. Yellow rice paste pill, cinnabar for clothing. The tea soup is sent down, and it is imported twice a day. Or with the disease for scattered wipe or wash, paste. (secret of Wang Qiuquan's family is the most valuable skill)

⑨ Treatment of scrofula: four Liang Sophora flavescens, rammed powder, raw Achyranthes bidentata and pills such as Wuzi. After eating warm water ten pills, three times a day. (carry on emergency prescription)

⑩ For the treatment of various malignant sores of rat fistula: Sophora flavescens 2 jin, honeycombs 2 liang, Qu 2 jin. Water three Dou, stains medicine two night, to dross, millet two liter, brew cooked tip drink, three days. One side with hedgehog skin, better. (behind the elbow)

(11) treatment of soup burning pain: Sophora flavescens is not much, for the fine powder, with sesame oil. (Lu Bai San, health treasure)

(12) the treatment of circumflex ear sores (also known as lunar eclipse sores) starts on the ear wheel or behind the ear. There is a yellow rice like pimple on the earlobe, which is red around, white and purulent on the top. It is extremely itchy. After breaking, the pus overflows and spreads. In a few days, it becomes one piece around the ear, and the pus is dripping. This sores are most easily transmitted in children: Sophora flavescens, Phellodendron amurense, Atractylodes lanceolata and cuttlebone. Each grind very fine, and even. Apply warm boiled water to the affected part and change the dressing every morning and evening. (Zhejiang Journal of traditional Chinese medicine (6): 271958)

⒀ treatment of bleeding between teeth: Sophora flavescens one or two, alum one money. At the end of the day. (Puji Fang)

(14) treatment of toxic heat, foot swelling and pain: Sophora flavescens boiled wine stains. (Yao Seng Tan's collected prescriptions)

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Chinese PinYin : Ku Can