Saposhnikovia divaricata

Radix Saposhnikoviae

(Ben Jing)

[synonyms] Tongyun (Ben Jing), fenyun, fencao, Baizhi, Lugen, baifei (Wu Pu Ben Cao), Pingfeng (BIE Lu), fengrou (collection of medicinal materials).

[source] it is the root of Saposhnikovia divaricata.

[plant morphology] Saposhnikovia divaricata, also known as shanqinlai and baimaocao.

Herbs perennial, 30-80 cm high, glabrous. The root is stout, the stem base is dense, with brown fibrous petiole residues. Stem solitary, 2-branched. The basal leaf is triangular ovate, 7-19 cm long, 2-3 pinnate divisions, and the final lobes are strip-shaped to lanceolate, entire; petiole is 2-6.5 cm long; terminal leaf is simplified, with expanded leaf sheath, compound umbel, terminal; peduncle is 5-9, unequal in length; involucre is absent; umbel has 4-9 flowers, involucre is 4-5, lanceolate; calyx teeth are short triangular, more prominent; petals are 5-5, petals are 2-6 cm long, White, obovate, concave, involute; ovary inferior, 2-locular, style 2, style base conical. The suspensory fruit is ovoid and verrucous when young. It splits into two fruits when mature and hangs on the top of the two fruit stalks. The flowering period is from August to September and the fruiting period is from September to October.

Wild in hilly areas, hillside grass, or fields, roadsides, mountains, lower. Distribution of northeast, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hunan and other places.

The leaves (Saposhnikovia leaf) and flowers (Saposhnikovia flower) of this plant are also used for medicine. See the special section for details.

[collection] the roots can be dug in spring and autumn. After the roots are dug out, the stems, leaves and soil are removed. First, they are dried to 80% dry, then they are tied and dried to the feet.

[medicinal material] the dried root is conic or spindle shaped, slightly curved, 20-30 cm long, about 1 cm in diameter at the head and 1-1.5 cm in diameter at the middle. The surface is grayish yellow or grayish brown. There are dense fine links on the head of the root, brown coarse hairs on the nodes and residual marks on the top of the stem; the outer skin of the root is shrunk and rough, with irregular longitudinal wrinkles and fine horizontal lines. In addition to the scattered dirty yellow transverse long skin pores, there are also spot like fibrous root marks. The wood is light yellow, the skin is yellowish brown with cracks, and the rays are radial. The air is slightly fragrant and the taste is slightly sweet. It is better to have thick strip, thin and tight skin, no hairiness, brown ring in section and light yellow in center. The cuticle is rough and hairy, and the quality of hard seedling is inferior.

Mainly produced in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Hebei. In addition, it is also produced in Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other places. Heilongjiang has the largest output. Among the commodities, those from Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia (East) are called "guanfangfeng" or "dongfangfeng", with the best quality; those from Inner Mongolia (West), Hebei (Chengde, Zhangjiakou) and Shanxi are inferior to guanfangfeng in quality; those from Hebei (Baoding, Tangshan) and Shandong are called "shanfangfeng", also known as "huangfangfeng" and "qingfangfeng", with lower quality.

In addition to the above authentic Saposhnikovia, there are the following kinds, which are used in the region.

① Saposhnikovia divaricata is the root of Ligusticum brevicornum, which belongs to the same family.

② Bamboo leaf Saposhnikovia

It is the root of Saposhnikovia divaricata, which belongs to the same family. Please refer to "Saposhnikovia divaricata" for details.

③ Yunfangfeng

It is the root of Saposhnikovia divaricata in Yunnan and Sichuan. The plant is 30-100 cm high, and the stem has fine stripes. The leaves are divided into two or three segments, the lobes are narrow linear or linear lanceolate, and the stem leaves above the middle have leaf sheaths. The inflorescence is umbelliform, the peduncle is elongated and hard; there is no involucre or only one leaf like involucre; the umbelliform radiation is 6-8, with different lengths; the involucre is about 10; the calyx is absent; the Corolla is yellow. Fruit ovate.

④ Fangfeng in Xinjiang

It is the root of Saposhnikovia tenuifolia. It is produced in Xinjiang. The plant is 1-2m high. The basal leaves are numerous, 3-pinnately divided, and the lobes are linear; the stem leaves are smaller. Umbelliform inflorescence with few umbelliform spokes, unequal length, pubescent; involucre with 5-10 lanceolate bracts, pubescent on the back; umbelliform inflorescence with many flowers, integrated into head, involucre with 6-7 bracts; calyx teeth short, filiform; petals white. Fruit nearly cylindrical, densely pilose.

[identification] cross section: the cork layer is composed of 5-30 rows of cells. The cortex is narrow with large oval tubing. The phloem is wide and has many round like tubes. There are 4-8 secretory cells around the tubes. Golden yellow secretions can be seen in the tubes. The rays are mostly curved and cracks are often formed on the outside. The cambium is obvious. There are many xylem vessels arranged radially. There are pith in the root head and occasionally stone cells in parenchyma. The powder is light brown. The diameter of the tubing is 17-60 μ m and it is full of golden secretion. The basal vascular bundles are often accompanied by fiber bundles. The diameter of reticulated duct was 14-85 μ M. Stone cells are rare, yellow green, oblong or oblong, with thick wall.

[chemical constituents] Saposhnikovia divaricata contains volatile oil, mannitol, Picroside, etc.

(1) antipyretic effect

For rabbits with artificial fever, guanfangfeng decoction or extract has obvious antipyretic effect, and the effect of the decoction is better than that of the extract.

② Analgesic effect

50% ethanol extract of Saposhnikovia divaricata (undetermined species) could significantly increase the pain threshold (electrical stimulation of rat tail method), and subcutaneous injection was also effective.

③ Antibacterial action

The fresh extract of Saposhnikovia divaricata has antibacterial effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. The unidentified Fangfeng Decoction also has certain antibacterial effect on Streptococcus haemolyticus and Shigella dysenteriae.

Guanfangfeng alcohol extract was injected subcutaneously in rabbits, but had no effect on blood glucose.

[processing] Saposhnikovia divaricata: remove the residual stems, soak them in water, take them out, moisten them thoroughly, slice them and dry them in the sun. Stir fry Saposhnikovia: take the Saposhnikovia tablets, stir fry them in a pot until dark yellow, take them out and let cool.

Sweet and warm.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes sweet and warm. "

② Bielu: "Xin, nontoxic. "

③ "Medicine Hua Yi" says: "the Qi is harmonious, the taste is sweet and slightly pungent, and the nature is slightly warm. "

④ "Bencao Zaixin": "it is pungent in taste, flat in nature and non-toxic. "

[meridian tropism] entering bladder, lung and spleen meridians.

① "Zhenzhu capsule": the medicine of taiyangjing. "

② Tangye materia medica: "it's the medicine of Foot Yangming stomach and foot Taiyin. "

③ "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the lung meridian. "

④ "Into the liver, spleen, kidney three channels. "

[function indications] published, dispel wind, overcome dampness, relieve pain. Treatment of external cold, headache, dizziness, strong neck, cold dampness Bi, arthralgia, limb contracture, tetanus.

① Ben Jing: "the main wind is dizzy and painful, the wind is evil, the wind is evil, the eyes are blind and have nothing to see, the wind runs all over the body, and the joints are painful and full of troubles. "

② "Killing aconite poison. "

③ "Bielu": "hypochondriac pain, hypochondriac wind head to face, limb spasm, word milk golden sore spasm. "

④ "Rihuazi Materia Medica" says: "it can cure 36 kinds of wind. It can nourish the middle and the spirit. It can relieve the wind and make the eyes red, stop the tears and slow down. It can benefit the five internal organs, close the pulse, five kinds of work and seven kinds of injuries, reduce night sweats, upset the body weight, calm the mind and even the pulse. "

⑤ "Pearl bag": "body: to the upper hand, tip: to the lower hand. "

⑥ "The treatment of wind is universal. Purging lung excess, dispersing stagnant Qi in the head, removing pathogenic wind of upper Jiao. "

⑦ Wang haozhan: "search for liver qi. "

⑧ "Changsha Yaojie" says: "to move the meridians and collaterals, eliminate dampness and Yin, dredge joints, stop pain, relax muscles and veins, stretch acute contracture, activate limb joints, start paralysis, collect self perspiration and helmet perspiration, break leakage and collapse. "

⑨ "To relieve the heat and poison of Aconitum, Daphne genkwa and wild fungi" in "seeking the source of Materia Medica". "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or into pills, powder. External use: grind and apply.

[should avoid] patients with blood deficiency, acute spasm or headache not due to wind evil should not take it.

① "Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu": Rhizoma alpiniae, Veratrum, Ampelopsis japonica, genkwa. "

② Tang materia medica: "fear of millet. "

③ According to the classic of Materia Medica, "all diseases are characterized by blood deficiency and spasm, headache not due to cold, loose discharge not due to cold and dampness, constipation and astringency, children's spleen deficiency and convulsion, slow shock and slow spleen wind, gas rising nausea, fire rising cough, night sweat due to Yin deficiency, spontaneous perspiration due to Yang deficiency, etc. "

④ "It is forbidden for those with deficiency of vital energy and disease not due to rheumatism. "

[storage] store in a cool and dry place to prevent moths.

[prescription selection] 1. For the treatment of pathogenic wind, there are sweat and evil wind: Saposhnikovia, Schizonepeta tenuifolia and pueraria lobata. (Fangfeng Decoction in Zheng Yin Mai Zhi)

② The treatment of migraine, deep years do not heal, rheumatic fever on plastic damage eyes, and more than brain pain: Chuanxiong Wuqian, Chaihu Qiqian, Huanglian (fried), Fangfeng (to Lu), Qianghuo each one or two, Zhigancao one or two five money, Huangqin Sanliang (peeled, filed, half wine, half fried). For the fine powder, each take two money dagger, in the cup into a little tea, soup tune such as paste, wipe in the mouth, less white soup sent down. Pro lying, such as a bitter headache, each service plus Asarum 2 points. (orchid chamber secret collection empty paste)

③ Cure partial head wind, pain can not be Ninja: Fangfeng, dahurian angelica each four Liang. The top is fine powder, which is made of honey and pills, as big as a marble. If tooth wind poison, only tea clear for pill, each take a pill, tea soup. If the head wind, hollow clothing. If you have leprosy, take it after eating. Not more into three clothes. (Puji Fang)

④ It is also used to treat dizziness, dizziness, dizziness, dizziness, dizziness, dizziness, dryness and dryness Three Liang, licorice two liang, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Atractylodes macrocephala, gardenia each - points. For the end, each take two money, a large cup of water, ginger three, fried to six, warm. (Fangfeng Tongsheng powder in Yi Ming Lun Fang)

⑤ Treatment of white tiger wind, walking pain, two knee swelling: Fangfeng one (two) two (to Lutou, micro fried)

Chinese PinYin : Fang Feng