Pinus tabulaeformis

(compendium)

[synonym]

Xiangsong (records of traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source]

It is the rhizome and root of Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus tabulaeformis.

[plant morphology]

① Sweet pine fragrance (Kaibao materia medica)

Perennial short herbs, with strong oil like aroma, 20-35 cm high. The upper part of the stem is slightly short hairy, and there are a few linear Brown basal fibers near the root. The root leaves are not many, generally each cluster has 6-9 leaves, the leaves are narrow linear oblanceolate or oblanceolate, 7-18 cm long and 0.4-1 cm wide, the apex is blunt, the middle part is narrower, slightly petiolate, the base is slightly expanded into sheath, the whole edge, the veins are not clear, both sides are smooth and glabrous; the stem leaves are 3-4 pairs, the base is not narrow, shrunk to petiolate, 2-6 cm long, the smaller the higher. Flowers in a capitate cyme with 2 long ovate involucral bracts. The flower is light pink; the base has 3 ovate entire bracts; the calyx is small, less than 1 mm long; the Corolla is broad tubular, one side of the tube base shrinks, the apex is 5-lobed, slightly unequal, and the lobes are rounded; stamens are 4; the corolla tube base is longer than the corolla, most of the filaments are hairy, the upper end is smooth, the anthers are nearly transverse; the ovary is lower, the style is slender, slightly beyond the corolla, and the stigma is funnel-shaped. Achene obovate, 1-locular; seed 1, persistent calyx small but not significant. The flowering period is August.

It grows in alpine grassland. It is distributed in the southwest of China.

② Pinus tabulaeformis

Perennial herbs, 15-30 cm high. The rhizome is short, and there are fine linear Brown basal fibers at the base. Leaf root, leaf blade oblanceolate or long spoon shaped, apex obtuse round, below the middle gradually narrow into petiole shape, entire, with 3 veins. The flower is a cymose head; the flower stem has 2 leaflike involucre bracts, lanceolate; the flower stem has 2 rows of symmetrical white short hairs on both sides; the Corolla is broad tubular, light pink, and the apex is light pink; the sepal is 5-toothed. Achenes obovate or oblate.

Most of them live in alpine grassland. Distributed in Tibet and other places.

[collection]

It can be harvested in spring and autumn, especially in autumn. After digging, remove the mud and sand, remove the residual stems and fibrous roots, do not need to wash, directly dry in the sun or in the shade.

[medicinal material] the dry rhizome and root of Liquidambar formosana are full-shaped and curved, with thick top and thin bottom. The rhizome is attached with aboveground stem residues and multilayer dead leaf residues, about 1-2 cm long; the outer layer is brown black, the inner layer is brown to yellow; it is long and narrow membranous flake or fibrous. The residue of aerial stem is hollow and brown. The main root is columnar, single, with several strands overlapping, juxtaposed or branched; about 5-13 cm long, a few up to 20 cm in diameter, about 0.3-1 cm; the surface is shrunken, brown, often split into flakes; the central xylem is gray brown, the lower part of the old root is a single stele, and the upper part has 2-4 split steles. The young root and fibrous root are curved, the surface is shrunk, light brown yellow. The air is fragrant and the taste is bitter. The main root is fat, long, fragrant, and no debris.

It is mainly produced in Sichuan. In addition, it is also produced in Gansu, Qinghai and other places.

[pharmacological action]

① Central sedation

The sedative effect of gum rosin on frog and rabbit was similar, but its toxicity was stronger than that of the latter. The volatile compounds of Pinus tabulaeformis var. latifolia also have similar sedative effect and certain sedative effect. The organic solvent extract of Pinus tabulaeformis var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. latifolia var. lati. The effect of valerone on maximal electric shock was stronger than that of the volatile oil of Da lunding and Pinus tabulaeformis, but it had no protective effect on pentylenetetrazole induced convulsion.

② Antiarrhythmia

Valerone has the effect of antiarrhythmia and is a safe drug. Compared with quinidine and volatile oil of Pinus tabulaeformis, the inhibition of ectopic ventricular rhythm (non anesthetized dogs after secondary ligation of coronary artery) was stronger, while the inhibition of traumatic atrial flutter and aconitine atrial fibrillation was the same as that of quinidine. The effect of volatile oil from the root of Pinus tabulaeformis var. latifolia was weaker than that of quinidine in prolonging the retrograde phase and slowing down the conduction in various heart samples, and the toxicity of volatile oil on acute intravenous injection in mice was also smaller than that of quinidine. It has no protective effect on ventricular arrhythmia caused by digitalis.

③ Effects on smooth muscle

Before and after the injection of histamine to guinea pigs, the bronchiectasis was induced by the application of Pinus tabulaeformis. The ethanol extract can antagonize histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and acetylcholine in isolated smooth muscle organs (small intestine, large intestine, uterus and bronchus); it can also antagonize spasm caused by barium chloride, so it has direct effect on smooth muscle. The clinical treatment of asthma, cough, diarrhea and abdominal pain may be related to this.

④ Other functions

The volatile oil of Pinus tabulaeformis var. latifolia has weak antibacterial, wind driving and antispasmodic effects, and has no local irritation to skin and mucous membrane

[processing]

Remove impurities, wash quickly with water, take out, cut into sections and dry in the air.

[flavor]

Gan, Wen.

① Kaibao materia medica: "sweet, warm, non-toxic. "

② "Tang Ye Ben Cao": Qi level. "

③ Ben Cao from the new: "Xin Gan, Wen. "

④ Jiangxi Chinese herbal medicine: "sweet, warm, with little poison. "

[channel tropism] entering spleen and stomach channels.

① "Ben Cao Hui Yan": "enter the Taiyin and Yangming scriptures. "

② In Bencao Zaixin: "entering the heart and spleen meridians. "

Functions and indications: Regulating Qi, relieving pain, invigorating spleen and strengthening stomach. It can cure stomachache, distention of chest and abdomen, headache, hysteria and beriberi.

① "Materia medica: the main smoked skin? Dark, wind chancre teeth hidden, pheasant hemorrhoids. "

② "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "treat heart and abdominal distension, lower Qi. "

③ "Kaibao Materia Medica": "the main evil Qi, the heart and abdomen full of pain. "

④ Wang Haogu: "to manage vitality, to remove qi depression. "

⑤ "Compendium": "treat beriberi knee floating, decoction leaching. "

⑥ Modern practical Chinese medicine: "it is suitable for headache, abdominal pain and mental depression, and can drive Ascaris lumbricoides. It is effective for those who are scared and lame because of Ascaris lumbricoides. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.8-1.5 money; or into pills, powder. External use: soak in water, gargle or fry in water.

[should avoid] Qi deficiency and blood heat should not be taken.

① In the collection of materia medica: "good, good. "

② "From the new materia medica:" pungent felling gas, carrying empty people to avoid. "

[selected formula] 1. It is used to treat various kinds of gastrointestinal pain. Take it by frying. (records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine)

② Treatment of nerve stomachache: gansongxiang. Take it by frying. (records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine)

③ Treatment of phlegm vertigo: Qu, each two, Gan song one or two, Chen orange peel one or two and a half. For fine powder, boiled noodles and for the ball, such as Zida. Take 20 pills each time, under the soup, after eating. (Jifeng Puji recipe rosin pill)

④ Cure hysteria, neurasthenia, gastrointestinal spasm, etc.: Gansong six money, guangpi one and a half money. Water 500 ml, soak in boiling water for three hours (boil every half hour). Take it 12 times, six times a day. (Jiangxi Chinese herbal medicine)

⑤ Treatment of kidney deficiency toothache: Gansong, equal. For fine powder, boiling soup bubble, gargle. (Puji Fang)

⑥ Treatment of foot dampness, dampness and detoxification: Gan song, Xin. San Wei Jian Tang, wash it. (PU Ji Fang Gan song Tang)

Chinese PinYin : Gan Song