Lai Jixi

Lai Jixi

Lai Jixi (1865-1937) was born in hutangpu, Guanghui village, Zengjiang street, Zengcheng City, Guangdong Province. He has been diligent, studious and well read since childhood. He studied in Guangya Academy of Guangzhou. He was elected in 1889. In 1903, in the last imperial examination in Chinese history, the Jinshi in the middle school was awarded the title of Imperial Academy scholar, and later the title of Imperial Academy editor, National History Museum editor and general editor. The 1911 Revolution overthrew the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China. He moved to Hong Kong, declined state affairs and devoted himself to education and Sinology. In 1913, he served as the general tutor and professor of Chinese at the University of Hong Kong. In 1923, in order to promote Sinology, the Xuehai library was set up with donations from Hong Kong and overseas enthusiasts. It has a collection of hundreds of thousands of books and is also a lecture place. His lectures are elegant and well received. He respected the way of Confucius and Mencius, and personally presided over the commemorative meeting and preached the theory of Confucius and Mencius on the birthday of Confucius. He often missed the Qing Dynasty and mourned the demise of the Qing Dynasty. In 1915, he participated in the compilation of the general annals of Guangdong, and later with Chen niandian and Zhan Guifen, he compiled Zengcheng county annals, which was limited to the third year of Xuantong (1911), and compiled biographies of Qing history ministers, Chongzheng Tongren genealogy and Chixi county annals. He died in 1937 at the age of 73. Later generations collected his life and compiled "Lituo Wencun".

work

In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), he compiled the general annals of Guangdong, and then compiled Zengcheng county annals with Chen niandian and Zhan Guifen. In addition, he also compiled biographies of Qing history ministers and Chongzheng Tongren genealogy. Later generations collected his works and compiled Lilong Wencun.

Chongzheng Tongren pedigree

Selected interpretation of Lai Jixi's works on Hakka Studies

Lai Jixi's Chongzheng Tongren genealogy

Editor's note:

In order to cooperate with the establishment of Chongzheng Association in Hong Kong, Mr. Lai Jixi spent five years to compile 15 volumes of Chongzheng Tongren genealogy, which is not only the spiritual pillar of Chongzheng Association, but also the foundation of modern Hakka studies, and has a great influence overseas. Due to the limitation of distribution, few people know about it at home. Lai Jixi's Hakka origin and development, which is the first volume of Chongzheng Tongren genealogy, was published in Malaya's special issue of commemorating the opening of Pirat Hakka Association in 1951. Mr. Lai used to use classical Chinese without punctuation. The special issue added punctuation and some notes. The two major books of the world's guests compiled by Mr. Xie zuozhi of Singapore and published in 1990 are reprinted (hereinafter referred to as Xie Ben). Lai's "source" is about 5500 words, which contains a great amount of literature and history information. Today's readers are still worth reading. However, the errors caused by copying, editing and printing of Lu Yuhai and the boar are hard to read. Today, Professor Zhang Weidong and Professor Liu Lichuan of Shenzhen University take Lai's original work, redo the proofreading, re divide the paragraph, and add necessary footnotes with the text. The two line notes of the original work are moved to endnotes and marked with "original notes". This newspaper has translated Lai's "origin and development" into simplified Chinese. Since today, it has been serialized 10 times for readers. Lai Jixi is the last imperial academy and national history editor in China. He is knowledgeable, elegant and concise. Readers can have a glimpse of him as a rare and intimate local textbook.

In the southern part of the Central Plains, the mountains and the sea were blocked, and the people were colonized. In this order, Jiangxi was the first, Fujian was the second, and Guangdong was the second.

A study of Cantonese characters, ancient Tongyue. Historical records, biographies of Nanyue, Minyue and Hanshu are all written in Guangdong, which covers the southeastern part of Wuling, extending to Yudian, Yangzhou, Jingzhou and Liangzhou, bordering Wu and Chu. Before Wu and Chu, there was Yue. The seal of Yue came from Xia Shaokang. Shi Yanyu was buried in Kuaiji. After Taikang, he was sacrificed at the age of Fu. Shaokang was granted the title of his son Yu Yue, who was named Wuyu and was worshipped by Yu. That is to say, in the name of Yu Yue, he was granted the title. Kuiji, the capital of China. Later, his descendants colonized in Tibet, so he took the state name as his surname.

There are only six states in Yugong, namely Ji, Yan, Qing, Xu, Yu and Yong, which are called Zhuxia. It depends on the three states of jiangzhiyang, Jingzhou and Liangzhou, Xuzhou is wild. Yu Yue was granted the title, and his hair was cut off and tattooed. He moved his chieftain and refused to unify the Miao people. The voice of Yu was taught by Nanji. At that time, the soil and water were flat, and the descendants of Yanhuang lived in Zhongxia, not to mention colonizing to the south. Although the chief of Sanmiao was exiled, his people were still scattered in Yangzhou, Jingzhou and Liangzhou. Shaokang granted his younger brother Yue 11 as a sacrifice to Yu, that is, to unify the Miao people. At the beginning, there was no need to have a long-term colonization strategy. When a new species is introduced, the old species will decline. Since the Yue Dynasty, there have been more than five hundred years of history in the Xia, yin and Zhou dynasties. Until Goujian's reign of Wu 13, for the purpose of learning lessons, the Yue people steamed day by day. This is the place of Yue nationality from the beginning.

Zhou Guan Zhi Fang Shi defines 14 regions of Jing and Yang, and borders Wu and Yue. "Shiji · Wu Taibo family" said: Taibo fled to jingman, ending Wu. There are more than a thousand people who have come back. This is the Fanzi of Yue nationality. It was the same at the end of yin and the beginning of Zhou. Since Gou Jian's overthrow of Wu Yixing, Yue saw that he was destroyed in Chu. But the nation is destroyed, but the nation is not. It is known in history as the kingdom of Yue. It was a king of the state of Yue and lived in the river and sea. It can be seen that the Yue nationality occupies an important position in the north and south of the river, and the trace of inheritance can be found.

notes:

① And, to, to.

② Vast, still vast. Stretch and continue. Yudian, poetry · Xiaoya · xinnanshan: "believe in the Nanshan, Wei Yudian." Mao Zhuan: "Dian, Zhi also." This is the land that Yu cultivated. Later, he called the land of China Yudian.

③ Xia Shaokang Shaokang, also known as Du Kang. Shaokang experienced all the hardships since childhood, revived the Xia Dynasty, and reigned for 21 years. After the restoration of the state, he was diligent in political affairs, paid attention to credit, made the world stable, and made the culture prosperous. The Xia Dynasty flourished again, which was known as "the resurgence of Shaokang".

④ Kuaiji is now in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province.

⑤ Jue, this, that, this. Later, that is after.

⑥ Yugong is one of the Shangshu, with only 1189 words. Although it is small, it is the most scientific geographical work in the pre Qin period. There are different versions of the names of Kyushu in different times, generally Jizhou, Yanzhou, Qingzhou, Xuzhou, Yangzhou, Jingzhou, Yuzhou, Youzhou and Yongzhou in Yugong.

⑦ Zhuxia refers to the various vassal states of Huaxia nationality, which are different from the surrounding ethnic minorities such as Rongdi and Manyi.

⑧ Xu, sound x, all, all.

⑨ 洎, J ì, and, to. Yuge Sanmiao and Diyu tribal alliance attacked Sanmiao tribal alliance. Check, hit, hit, cut. According to legend, the ancient clan name from the time of Yellow Emperor to Yao, Shun and Yu, also known as "Miao people" and "you Miao", is mainly distributed between Dongting Lake (today's Northern Hunan) and Pengli Lake (today's Poyang Lake in Jiangxi), that is, the area south of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

⑩ Zhongxia is China. There is no time to take care of it.

11 Yu Yue, a son of Shaokang. See above.

12, almost, almost.

The original text "to Goujian marsh Wu", marsh, governance errors.

"Zhou Guan Zhi Fang Shi" is "Zhou Li Zhi Fang Shi". The official name is Fang. In charge of the map, we can distinguish the state, capital and Kyushu people and their property, know their gains and losses, and stipulate the tribute of each state.

Chinese PinYin : Lai Ji Xi