Song Shaodi

Zhao Min

Zhao Min (February 12, 1272-march 19, 1279), male, Han nationality, was born in Qiantang County, Lin'an prefecture (now Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province). He was the third son of song duzong, the younger brother of song Gongdi and song duanzong, and the 18th emperor of Song Dynasty. He was once granted the nobility of Xin Guogong, Guangwang and Weiwang. His mother was Yu Xiurong. In the third year of Jingyan's reign, he became emperor in qiezhou and changed his name to Xiangxing.

On the sixth day of February in the second year of Xiangxing (March 19, 1279), the Southern Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty launched a decisive battle in the Yashan (historically known as the "Yashan sea battle"), and the Song Dynasty was defeated. The yuan army then surrounded the Yashan. The left prime Minister Lu Xiufu, carrying Zhao Min, who was only seven years old, jumped into the sea and died. One hundred thousand soldiers and people also threw themselves into the sea to die for their country. The Song Dynasty, which enjoyed the country for 320 years, perished.

Anecdotes and allusions

Legend of cliff mountain

On June 7, 1278, Zhang Shijie, Lu Xiufu and other civil and military officials led hundreds of thousands of troops and more than 1000 ships, surrounded by seven year old song dynasty emperor Zhao Min and Empress Dowager Yang. They moved from Luozhou to Xinhui Yamen and arrived at Xinhui yamen on June 23. It is said that on June 23, Zhao Min, the emperor of Song Dynasty, was on his way to Yashan. Suddenly, dark clouds suddenly rose and a rainstorm fell. Everyone's clothes were soaked by the heavy rain, and so was his Dragon Robe. When the emperor and officials of the Song Dynasty arrived at the cliff, the rain cleared up, and the maids quickly took Zhao Min's wet Dragon Robe to the mountain orange tree outside the palace to dry. Soon, the Dragon Robe was dried, but the Golden Dragon embroidered on the robe disappeared when the maid of honor received it. In a hurry, the palace maid returns to the palace with the Dragon Robe without dragon and reports to empress dowager Yang. Hearing this, Empress Dowager Yang said sadly, "this is a bad omen." All the ministers were surprised, so they made the maids go to find the whereabouts of Jinlong. The palace maid found the mountain orange tree which was drying the Dragon Robe. She pulled away the branches and saw a golden dragon wrapped around each trunk. The palace maid was surprised and happy. She reached out and wanted to get Jinlong back. Who knows the hand just touched the golden dragon, the Golden Dragon immediately becomes the pattern of mountain orange tree, every Dragon is like this. The palace maid had no choice but to go back to the palace and report to empress dowager Yang. Empress Dowager Yang bowed her head and wept, saying, "Jinlong is going to stay in Yashan. You just let it stay. "

Since then, every trunk of the mountain orange trees in the area of Yashan has a pattern similar to that of the coiled dragon winding around the trunk, including the dragon head, dragon beard, dragon claw and dragon tail. This is the specialty of Xinhui cliff mountain Panlongshan orange.

The Panlong mountain oranges in Ya mountain grow into various forms. The local people often cut down the characteristic mountain oranges, peel off the bark and dry them in the sun, and make them into exquisite objects with natural characteristics, such as Panlong pipe, Panlong crutch and so on.

Sacrifice of righteous birds

When Emperor min of the Song Dynasty was on the cliff, he kept a Silver Pheasant. The bird was very clever and could talk. When he saw Di min, he jumped up and screamed, "long live my emperor! Long live the emperor Very cute. After all, Song Di min was a seven-year-old child. He liked it very much and fed it himself in the palace. Soon, the naval battle began in the song and Yuan Dynasties, and the small court of the Southern Song Dynasty moved to a huge ship. Emperor min also brought the Silver Pheasant to the emperor's ship. The Silver Pheasant came to the emperor's ship. He was restless and his eyes were full of tears. When he saw Zhao Min, he didn't call him "long live the emperor." he just looked at him and shed tears. Zhao Min was very sad to see his beloved Silver Pheasant shed tears.

Late one night, the Silver Pheasant suddenly opened his voice and called out: "strange stone forever! Strange stone for a thousand years The voice was low and sad. Emperor min was surprised and thought to himself: where are the "strange stones for thousands of years"? I didn't pay attention to it. But every night, at this time, the Silver Pheasant calls "strange stone forever". The abnormal performance of the Silver Pheasant made the officials of the Southern Song Dynasty feel that the future was not good.

The song and Yuan armies fought fiercely for 22 days. The song army was attacked by both sides of the yuan army. The yuan army cut off the route of collecting firewood and fresh water from the shore. Finally, the song army was defeated like a mountain. The Prime Minister Lu Xiufu was forced to bear the young emperor on his back and go to the big stone (yamen stone) which was used as a cable lighter to sacrifice himself in the sea. At this time, the Silver Pheasant was whistling and jumping in the cage, shaking the cage to the left and right. The Silver Pheasant finally shakes off its cage hook and falls into the sea with the cage. The Silver Pheasant was buried in the sea for the emperor, and later generations called it "righteous bird", and a Silver Pheasant tomb was built on the left side of Ciyuan temple as a memorial. In the Qing Dynasty, Xiao Sui, a member of Huicheng, wrote a poem about Silver Pheasant, praising that the gentleman is ape and crane, and the villain is sand worm. Every year, Jingwei records, reclamation pan westerly.

Yamen lost its seal

In the great naval battle of the song and Yuan Dynasties, the song army was defeated. Worried that the emperor would be captured and humiliated, the Prime Minister Lu Xiufu took the young emperor Zhao Min on his back, took the imperial seal, went to the stone, jumped and buried in the cliff sea. From then on, the jade seal of Song Dynasty sank to the bottom of Yamen. But in case of wind and rain, the seal will occasionally appear on the sea.

Chen Baisha, a great Confucianist in Ming Dynasty, was deeply saddened by the fact that the imperial jade seal was forever buried in the sea. He wanted to touch the Dragon King of the South China Sea with his patriotism, so he went to the seaside of Yamen every day to pray for the Dragon King to offer the jade seal and return it to the imperial court. Every time he paid homage to him, he read a very long Memorial essay, and his face was full of tears. Soon, the Dragon King of the South China Sea was really moved and sent a shrimp general to present the jade seal to Chen Baisha.

On that day, Chen Baisha came to worship the Dragon King again. As soon as he finished reading the memorial ceremony, a big lobster suddenly appeared in the water in front of him. Two tongs held a shining jade seal and sent it to Chen Baisha. Chen Baisha hurriedly knelt down to greet him. When lobster saw Chen Baisha kneeling down to him, he was so scared that he jumped back into the sea and returned the jade seal to the Dragon King, saying, "tell the Dragon King, great scholar Chen Baisha kneeling down to me, how can I bear such a big gift? I dare not offer the seal. " After hearing this, the Dragon King cheered, "fool! I'm so angry! Chen Baisha kneels on jade seal, where is kneeling on your big head shrimp? " After the Dragon King was angry, he thought, "these shrimp soldiers and crab generals are stupid and stupid. They can only serve wine, but they can't do anything. I'd better send this jade seal myself."

In addition, Chen Baisha's jade seal, which he thought day and night, was lost again and again. He had to continue to pray for the Dragon King. On that day, he came to the seaside to worship the Dragon King. After Chen Baisha finished reading the sacrifice, the Dragon King came to the surface and sent the jade seal to Chen Baisha with both hands. This time, Chen Baisha learned a lesson. Instead of kneeling down, he reached for the jade seal. Chen's rudeness made him jump back to the Dragon Palace. From then on, the imperial seal will sink to the bottom of the sea forever.

Yamen stone

About 3 kilometers northwest of Yashan temple, there were several huge stones standing in the water inside the Yamen. The highest one protrudes two or three feet above the sea, which is called "strange stone". It is said that during the Song Dynasty's resistance to the Yuan Dynasty, this stone was used as a cable barge to build more than a thousand large ships and make a "one" formation to anchor in the sea. After the defeat of the song army, the Prime Minister Lu Xiufu of the Song Dynasty carried the young emperor to the sea and died under a strange stone.

It is said that after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhang Hongfan wrote on the stone: "Zhang Hongfan, the great general of Zhenguo, destroyed the Song Dynasty here.". In the Ming Dynasty, when he studied Zhao Yao in Guangdong Province, he was furious when he saw the inscriptions on the rare stones. He wrote a poem that said, "if you can't take away China and foreigners, it will be sad when you look back.". Zhang Hongfan is not hu er, but Han er.

In the 22nd year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1486), Xu Mao, the imperial censor, hated the twelve characters on the stone and ordered them to be removed. He wanted to change the nine characters "Lu Xiufu, the Prime Minister of the Song Dynasty, died here". Chen Baisha thinks that Lu Xiufu was not the only one who died when the Song Dynasty died. He should write "Lu Xiufu, the Prime Minister of the Song Dynasty, sank under this stone when he was under the emperor.". Because of argument, it is not finished. There is a legend that when Chen Baisha went to Yamen to hang on, he added the word "song" to the head of the monument, which became "Zhang Hongfan, the great general of Song Town, defeated song here". (this biography is not true. Mr. Baisha knew that although Zhang Hongfan was a Han nationality, he was never a song general.) at the beginning of the liberation, the original carved stone was destroyed by the waterway department. In the autumn of 1964, the people's Committee of Xinhui County asked Comrade Tian Han to write thirteen big characters with cursive script: "song Shaodi and Prime Minister Lu Xiufu died here", which were engraved on a strange stone near the shore. Finally, the monumental stone was erected.

Birds protect the Emperor

After Zhao Min died in the sea, his remains came out of the sea. There were birds lying on their bodies, covering the remains of Shaodi, drifting with the sea until Chiwan (now Shekou, Shenzhen). There is a temple of Empress Dowager on the coast of Chiwan. One day, when the temple owner went to the seaside to inspect, he suddenly saw a floating corpse on the sea, covered and protected by birds. The temple owner thought that the floating corpse must be the remains of an alien, so he tried to drag it ashore. The floating corpse came ashore, and the birds flew away, revealing a child corpse. He was dressed in a yellow robe and had a ruddy face. The temple owner knows that this is the remains of the young emperor Zhao min. At this time, a pillar of the temple suddenly collapsed. The temple owner and the gentry thought that the pillar was the wood that empress Tien Hou gave to the young emperor for making coffins, so they used it to make coffins and buried them at the foot of Xiaonanshan in the west of the temple.

Life experience

Zhao Min, male, Han nationality, was the last emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty. He was known as the late Song Emperor, Song Di min, song Shaodi, song Youzhu or Xiangxing emperor in history. From the third year of Jingyan (1278) to the second year of Xiangxing (1279), he was in power for 313 days and died at the age of 7.

Zhao Min was successively appointed as the Duke of Xin, king of Guang and king of Wei. When Lin'an was in danger, under the leadership of his mother Yang Shufei, he secretly left the city and fled to Fuzhou (now Fuzhou City, Fujian Province). In April 1278, the third year of Jingyan (1278), song duanzong died. Zhao Min was adopted as emperor by Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie in Gangzhou in the same month. In May, he changed his name to "Xiangxing". In June, he moved to Yashan (now the south of Xinhui County, Guangdong Province). At the same time, Wen Tianxiang, the right Prime Minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, was captured by Zhang Hongzheng, the younger brother of Zhang Hongfan, the commander-in-chief of the yuan army, in wupoling (Haifeng, Guangdong).

In the first month of the second year of Xiangxing (1279), Yuan General Zhang Hongfan led the army by land and water to the cliff. Facing the sea on the back of the mountain, the terrain is dangerous. Zhang Shijie ordered the burning of the palace and army houses on the island, and all the people and horses boarded the ship. Then, more than 1000 warships were lined up into a snake array and connected together with ropes. Around the ship, city buildings were built, and the ship was coated with a thick layer of wet mud and tied with long trees. Put the ship of emperor min in the middle, and order the soldiers and ships

Chinese PinYin : Song Shao Di