Feng Jinglan

Feng Jinglan

Feng Jinglan (1898.3.9-1976.9.29), member of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Geological educator, mineralogist and geomorphologist. Engaged in geological education for more than 50 years, has cultivated several generations of geological talents. He has done a lot of pioneering work in geology of Guangdong and Guangxi, geology of Chuankang Yunnan Copper Mine, geology of placer deposits in western Henan, neotectonic movement in the Yellow River and Heilongjiang Basin, engineering geology, etc. He made a great contribution to the study of ore deposit paragenesis, ore-forming control and ore-forming law, and put forward the "closed ore-forming theory". The principle of ore deposit science edited by him is a systematic monograph and textbook of ore deposit science. He is one of the important founders of mineral deposit Science in China. He put forward the concept of "Danxia landform" and made great achievements in geomorphology.

Feng Jinglan, a mineralogist. He was born in Tanghe, Henan Province on March 9, 1898. He received a master's degree in geology from Columbia University in 1921. In 1957, he was elected member of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He died on September 29, 1976. He once served as the director of the Department of Geosciences of Tsinghua University, professor and director of the Department of Geosciences of Southwest Associated University, and professor of Beijing Institute of Geosciences. In the 1940s, he participated in the exploration of copper deposits in Sichuan, Kangxi and Yunnan provinces and the mineral survey along the Yunnan Myanmar railway, and made in-depth study on the genetic types and secondary enrichment of copper deposits. In 1950s, he directed and evaluated Pingdingshan Coal Mine and Gongxian bauxite mine in Henan Province, and participated in the preparation of proposal for Sanmenxia Dam Site. Taking part in the geological survey of Guangdong, Guangxi, Northern Shaanxi and along the Shenhai railway and Longhai Railway laid a preliminary foundation for the future geological work in these areas. The Danxia terrain named by him in 1927 has been used in geosciences. The representative works are "evidence of supergene enrichment of copper deposits in Sichuan, Kangxi and Yunnan", "outline of copper deposits in Sichuan, Kangxi and Yunnan", "outline of geology in Guangdong and Guangxi", "outline of geology in Northern Shaanxi", "principles of ore deposit science" and "preliminary discussion on several important issues concerning metallogenic control and metallogenic regularity".

Life of the characters

Feng Jinglan, the word Huaixi, Huaixi. In 1898, he was born in a landlord's home in Tanghe County, Henan Province (his grandfather had 1200 mu of land). His father Feng Taiyi was a Jinshi in the late Qing Dynasty, his brother Feng Youlan was a famous philosopher, and his sister Feng Yuanjun was a famous modern female writer. This family has a poetic style. Feng Jinglan also likes to write poems and inherits this tradition. His father once helped Zhang Zhidong set up "Westernization" to save the country with industry. This has an impact on Feng Jinglan as a child. Unfortunately, Jinglan lost her father when she was young, and later she became an adult by her mother Wu Qingzhi. Jing Lan'er went to his hometown private school, then studied in the county primary school. In 1913, he entered the second Provincial School of Kaifeng, Henan Province, and was admitted to Peking University in 1916. In 1918, Feng Jinglan went to the United States to study at public expense, entered the Colorado Institute of mining and technology, studied mine geology, and graduated in 1921. In the same year, he was admitted to the Research Institute of Columbia University, studied ore deposit science, petrology, and geology, and obtained a master's degree in 1923. He returned to China that year and devoted his whole life to the geological education and mineral exploration of the motherland.

From 1923 to 1927, Feng Jinglan was a lecturer, professor and head of the Department of mineral geology of Henan Zhongzhou University. In addition to his teaching work, he also studied the sand dunes near Kaifeng. This is the beginning of his indissoluble bond with the management and development of the Yellow River. In 1927, he also went to heishanzhai watershed in Changping, Hebei Province to investigate the geology of gold deposits. This is one of the earliest modern geological work in China. From 1927 to 1929, Feng Jinglan was appointed as the technical director of Guangdong and Guangxi Geological Survey Institute (Guangzhou). He has worked with Zhu Shisheng, Le senhuang, etc. In 1927, it was the first time for Chinese to conduct modern geological survey in the territory of Guangdong and Guangxi; in the end of 1927, the geology and mineral resources in northern Guangdong were investigated; and in 1929, the geology and mineral resources along the Guangzhou Shaoguan section of the Guangdong Han railway were investigated. They made a detailed investigation and Study on the topography, stratigraphy, structure and mineral resources of northern Guangdong, and fully noticed that the Tertiary red glutenite is widely distributed in the area. This layer is most completely developed in Danxia Mountain of Renhua county, so it is named "Danxia layer". The thickness of Danxia layer is 300-500m, and it occurs gently. After weathering and erosion, it forms cliffs. There are many strange peaks everywhere, forming a unique landscape, so it is named "Danxia landform" or "Danxia landform". This name is still used by Chinese and foreign scholars. From 1928 to 1929, we carried out the geological survey of coal field with Liuzhou as the center, and did a lot of investigation and Research on the strata and tectonic movement of coal mine, silver lead mine, antimony mine, Longshan system and jinzhuao sandstone in northern Guangxi. On the basis of the practical materials of the above work, they conducted a comprehensive study on the strata, geological structures and mineral resources of Guangdong and Guangxi. In 1929, at the fourth Pan Pacific Scientific Conference held in badavia, Java (now Jakarta), Feng Jinglan read out an academic paper on geology and mineral resources in Guangdong. After returning to China, he also introduced the research progress of Volcanology abroad.

From 1929 to 1933, Feng Jinglan was appointed president

Beiyang University

Professor, teaching mineralogy, petrology, mineral deposit science and general geology. During this period, the geological and mineral resources along Shenyang Haikou railway in Liaoning Province, the genesis of Xuanlong iron mine in Hebei Province and the geology of Northern Shaanxi Province were investigated.

At this time, Feng Jinglan not only devoted himself to the domestic geological survey work, but also attached great importance to the International Geological trends, and tried to introduce important information to China, so as to improve the level of domestic geological work. For example, in order to promote the development of China's mineral resources, he compiled the book prospecting. After its first edition in 1933 by the Commercial Press, the book was reprinted more than once and widely distributed. The book is comprehensive and concise, and introduces the international advanced experience at that time. This book is also the predecessor of Prospecting Geology. In the same year, he also published an article on the theory of radioactivity and geothermal energy. The wide spread and application of geothermal geology in China should have been since the 1970s.

Since 1933, Feng Jinglan has been a teacher in the Department of Geosciences of Tsinghua University. Soon, he also served as the head of the Department of Geosciences, giving lectures on mineral deposits, mineralogy and petrology. From 1933 to 1937, during the summer vacation, Feng Jinglan and others investigated the geology and mineral resources of Pingquan, Hebei, Datong, Shanxi, Zhaoyuan, Shandong and Taishan. He is one of the pioneers in geological research of Linglong gold deposit in Zhaoyuan. The geological research of Linglong gold deposit in recent ten years is the prosperous period.

From 1938 to 1946, during the war of resistance against Japan, Tsinghua University was forced to move south, and formed southwest United University in Kunming, Peking University and other universities. Feng Jinglan was a professor of southwest United University. From 1943 to 1945, he was also the dean of Engineering College and the head of Mining Department of Yunnan University. During this period, Feng Jinglan mainly studied copper deposits in Sichuan, Xikang (at that time, Xikang province was established) and Yunnan. In 1942, a summary of Chuankang Dian copper mine was published. In the book, "a brief analysis is made on the geographical distribution, ore-forming time, parent rock, wall rock, occurrence, structure and mineral composition of the southwest copper mine, so as to infer its genesis, estimate its reserves, and study the reasons for its production, rise and fall of the mining industry, as well as the possible way for its future development." Because the book has both theoretical generalization and practical significance. Therefore, he won the academic award of the Ministry of education at that time. In addition, he published articles such as Xikang copper mine (1941) and Diwen of Dali County, Yunnan Province (1946). The latter not only discusses the geomorphology theory, but also pays attention to the practical application, including the development of water resources and water conservancy. It can be said that in addition to his contribution to geological education, Feng Jinglan also gave full play to his scientific research expertise in geology and geomorphology.

In 1946, the southwest United University ended, and the teachers and students returned to Pingjin. Feng Jinglan still teaches at Tsinghua University. From 1946 to 1948, he published papers on epigenetic enrichment of Chuankang Yunnan copper deposit, geology, mineral resources and mining industry of Yunnan, geology and mineral resources of Yuxi, Yunnan, and asymmetric development of water system in China.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, Feng Jinglan actively devoted himself to the construction of the motherland. He has been teaching in Tsinghua University and Beijing Institute of geology, striving to cultivate talents, and also engaged in the investigation and research of geological and mineral resources and water resources. In November 1949, at the invitation of the Ministry of fuel industry, Feng Jinglan investigated the Poyang Leping coalfield in Jiangxi Province. In March 1950, at the invitation of the Ministry of water resources, he participated in the geological survey of the Yellow River dam site in western Henan. He pointed out that the geological conditions of Sanmenxia Dam Site are the best. In July of the same year, at the request of the people's Government of Henan Province, Zhang Bosheng and others conducted an investigation on the geology and mineral resources in western Henan. In June 1951, Feng Jinglan was appointed to the steering committee of China's geological work plan to participate in the overall planning of geological work in New China. In 1954, he was employed as the leader of the geological group of the Yellow River Planning Commission. In December of the same year, Feng Jinglan compiled the geological part of the technical investigation report on comprehensive utilization planning of the Yellow River.

In 1956, Feng Jinglan participated in the national 12 year scientific development planning. In the same year, he was elected as a national socialist construction activist and attended the national and Beijing advanced workers congress.

In 1957, Feng Jinglan was elected member of the academic department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a first-class professor. According to the needs of the country, Feng Jinglan began to recruit graduate students. He was the tutor of the first batch of graduate students after the founding of the people's Republic of China. He was supervised by about 20 graduate students. These people are now professors, researchers and senior engineers.

From 1956 to 1958, Feng Jinglan took part in the work of the Heilongjiang comprehensive investigation team of Sino Soviet cooperation and was the head of the Chinese side. In 1957, he went to the Soviet Union to attend the Sino Soviet Heilongjiang comprehensive investigation meeting. Two countries

Chinese PinYin : Feng Jing Lan