Jiang Chunfang
Jiang Chunfang
Mr. Jiang Chunfang is the forerunner of the contemporary cultural circles in China. He represents the spirit, responsibility and conscience of Chinese intellectuals. He has been respected and remembered for his persistent patriotism after suffering, his academic spirit of being rich and magnanimous, and his Confucian style of being tireless and modest.
Jiang Chunfang has served as a member of the fifth and sixth Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), a cultural group leader, a consultant to the Bureau of translation and translation of Marxist Leninist works of the CPC Central Committee, and the first and second directors of the Chinese translators Association. He has also participated in a large number of social activities for a long time. He is the deputy director of the Chinese Toponymic Committee, the executive vice president of the Chinese poetry society, the director of the Soong Ching Ling Foundation, and the national terminology standard He is a consultant of the Standardization Committee, a member of the United Nations Association of China, a member of the National Committee of the China Federation of literary and art circles, an honorary director of the Chinese society of foreign literature, an honorary president of the Chinese Soviet Union Literature Research Association, a consultant of the Chinese Russian Teaching Research Association, a consultant of the Chinese drama society, a vice president of the Chinese Kun Opera Research Association, a vice president of the Chinese Mei Lanfang Art Research Association, and a vice president of the Chinese Zhou Xinfang Art Research Association wait.
brief account of the author's life
Jiang Chunfang (1912-1987), a revolutionary cultural fighter; a famous contemporary translator; one of the founders of new China's cultural education, publishing and foreign language education; one of the initiators and the first president of Encyclopedia of China; the first president of Shanghai Russian literature school affiliated to East China revolutionary University (the predecessor of Shanghai Foreign Studies University).
Jiang Chunfang, also known as Jiaoshan, has more than 20 pseudonyms, such as linling, Shizhi, Houfei, Jiangshui, Shumao, Hou Feiyun, dunfan, Lvbo, Changjiang, Shaonong, Jiangou and he Qing. Jiang Chunfang was born on July 28, 1912 in xihenglin, Wujin County, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province (now Xilin, Zhonglou District, Changzhou City). His father, Jiang Yuean, was a shopkeeper, and his mother, Zhang Changsheng, was unemployed. Jiang's three families live on a small income. In 1928, Jiang Chunfang's great uncle returned to Changzhou from Harbin, saying that Harbin had a good livelihood, Jiang Yuean could find a job, Jiang Chunfang could also study Russian in Harbin, and then he was admitted to work in the Middle East Railway, which was jointly operated by China and the Soviet Union and was well paid. So the Jiang family went north to Harbin. He joined the Communist Youth League of China in 1931. The next year, he was transferred to the Communist Party of China. He once served as the director of Publicity Department of Harbin Municipal Committee and Manchuria Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League and Russian translator of Harbin English Asia News Agency. After arriving in Shanghai in 1936, he served as secretary of the general culture branch of the culture and Culture Commission of the Shanghai Bureau of the Communist Party of China and chief editor of time weekly. In 1945, he was the president of time publishing house.
After the liberation of Shanghai, he successively served as the director of the theater room of the Cultural Management Committee of the military management committee and the director of the external liaison office of the Municipal Bureau of culture. According to the instructions of the East China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, he founded Shanghai Russian school and served as president and Secretary of the Party committee. He led and participated in the translation of the complete works of Marx and Engels, Lenin, Stalin, selected works of Mao Zedong and the Russian version of the central documents. He was persecuted during the "Cultural Revolution" and was jailed for nearly seven years. He was released in 1975. In 1978, he served as deputy director of the editorial board of Encyclopedia of China, general manager and consultant of encyclopedia press. He advocated compiling the Concise Encyclopedia of Great Britain and was also employed as a consultant to the general editorial board of the Encyclopedia of China's agriculture.
Jiang Chunfang has served as a member of the fifth and sixth Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), a cultural group leader, a consultant to the Bureau of translation and translation of Marxist Leninist works of the CPC Central Committee, and the first and second directors of the Chinese translators Association. He has also participated in a large number of social activities for a long time. He is the deputy director of the Chinese Toponymic Committee, the executive vice president of the Chinese poetry society, the director of the Soong Ching Ling Foundation, and the national terminology standard He is a consultant of the Standardization Committee, a member of the United Nations Association of China, a member of the National Committee of the China Federation of literary and art circles, an honorary director of the Chinese society of foreign literature, an honorary president of the Chinese Soviet Union Literature Research Association, a consultant of the Chinese Russian Teaching Research Association, a consultant of the Chinese drama society, a vice president of the Chinese Kun Opera Research Association, a vice president of the Chinese Mei Lanfang Art Research Association, and a vice president of the Chinese Zhou Xinfang Art Research Association wait.
The main translations are: Lenin in October, wise men's worries will lead to mistakes, Russian problems, ordinary citizens, self-cultivation of actors and so on.
He died of illness in Beijing in 1987. On January 6, 1988, Xinhua News Agency broadcast the news of Jiang Chunfang's death: "the Encyclopedia of China has just stood among the encyclopedias of the world, but the founder of the Encyclopedia of China has died."
Jiang Chunfang is the father of Chinese encyclopedia. He is known as Diderot of China. His status is endowed by history.
Character evaluation
After Jiang Chunfang's death in 1987, Zhao Puchu wrote the elegiac couplet for Jiang Chunfang himself, which is the most pertinent evaluation of his life: "in the magic atmosphere Valley, the best news is heard far away, which is the most unforgettable messenger in the era of dark and lonely lights; in the Cultural Park, there are many kinds of lingmiao, who are not only the founder of encyclopedia."
A brief collection of the past
Study Russian hard
After arriving in Harbin, Jiang Chunfang's father did not find a job. Instead, he went to a factory in Fujin County downstream of the Songhua River to manage the warehouse. Mother and Jiang Chunfang lived in a courtyard on the North Avenue street outside Harbin Road. Jiang Chunfang was admitted to the sixth class of grade one in the third middle school of Zhejiang Province with excellent results. In order to find a job in the Middle East Railway, in his spare time, his mother invited a Russian expatriate named grazunov to teach Russian. The Russian teacher didn't know Chinese and could only explain Russian in stiff English. Before, Jiang Chunfang had learned some simple English in Changzhou Church Primary School. He often looked through English dictionaries to understand these explanations, so as to learn Russian which he had never touched before. The difficulty can be imagined.
After learning Russian for more than a year, Jiang Chunfang applied for the Middle East Railway several times in order to lighten his parents' living burden, but he was not accepted several times. In the end, he was introduced to the railway depot by a Changzhou fellow who worked in the Middle East Railway. His job was to copy Russian bills and daily business records every day. After only four months, he lost his job.
At the beginning of 1930, Jiang Chunfang was introduced by several friends to English Asia communication as a Russian translator and translator. The English Asia News Agency is dedicated to sending Harbin local news. Jiang Chunfang's job in the news agency is to get the Russian evening news at 3:00 p.m. every day, browse it immediately, find out the news suitable for Chinese readers, and translate the news release before the 7:00 p.m. deadline. After reviewing and revising, engraving and mimeography, they were sent to the major newspapers at 9 pm. At that time, Jiang Chunfang's Russian level was not high. To translate a news release within four hours, he had to translate it hard by translating dictionaries and looking up materials. In order to keep her job, Jiang Chunfang read Russian newspapers and magazines, recited Russian dictionaries, listened to Russian radio, and tried every means to talk with Su Qiao, read materials and understand the background of the news I have been doing this for nearly two years. Jiang Chunfang's Russian level has been greatly improved by his intensive translation work, which has laid a solid foundation for him to become a translator in the future.
Cultural warriors on the beach of Shanghai
At the end of 1937, Jiang Chunfang Translated Russian newspapers for Yi Bao edited by Xia Yan. In 1938, Jiang Chunfang served as the Secretary of the drama branch of the Shanghai underground party, and later as the Secretary of the general branch of culture. He was in charge of the three branches of literature, drama and new writing. He was one of the secret leaders of the Shanghai revolutionary cultural movement. During this period, the work assigned to Jiang Chunfang by the underground Party organizations was to engage in drama movement, and he kept close contact with famous figures in drama circles such as Mei Lanfang and Zhou Xinfang. He translated the Soviet song "March of the motherland", Stanislavsky's "self cultivation of actors", "my artistic life", Gogol's "gambler", Turgenev's "noble house", etc., and became a special drama translator.
In 1941, almost all progressive newspapers and periodicals in the enemy occupied area of Shanghai were banned. According to the party's instructions, Jiang Chunfang, 29, began to establish time publishing house in Shanghai. First, he founded the Chinese edition of time weekly in the name of the Soviet Union, and Jiang Chunfang was the editor in chief. "Time" was the only Chinese publication in the whole enemy occupied area at that time, which could reflect the views of our party. It was a great achievement of our party's propaganda work to break through the blockade. The publication of time not only made Shanghai people understand the real situation of the Soviet German war, but also had a far-reaching impact on the liberated areas and the rear areas, thus increasing their confidence in the victory of the anti fascist war, including the Anti Japanese war. At the same time, Jiang Chunfang gathered dozens of Russian translation comrades and translated and published the Soviet literature and art monthly, Soviet medicine and other publications. Although the number of these translators is small, they have translated many literary works of the Soviet Union during the patriotic war, as well as Russian classical literature, politics, economy and other works. They have trained a group of young translators, such as GE Baoquan, Chen Bingyi, Cao Ying, Bao Wendi, ye Shuifu and so on. These translators have become a strong force in the literary translation field of the Soviet Union after the founding of the people's Republic of China Quantity.
In August 1945, the emperor of Japan announced his unconditional surrender and won the final victory in the Anti Japanese war. Jiang Chunfang seized this historical opportunity and, according to the party's instructions, immediately expanded the scope of publication. In addition to the original time, Soviet literature and art and other publications, he also founded time daily, which took advantage of the special identity of Soviet merchants to publish the war news of Xinhua news agency, military commentary and so on, spread the victory news of the people's Liberation Army, support the people's democratic movement in the Kuomintang controlled area, and welcome the new China It's coming. On June 3, 1948, Songhu garrison headquarters ordered the "temporary suspension" of time daily. On April 18, 1949, the secret service organ of the Kuomintang,
Chinese PinYin : Jiang Chun Fang
Jiang Chunfang
