Liu Dabai

Liu Dabai

Liu Dabai (1880-1932) was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. His original name was Jin Qingyan, and later his surname was changed to Liu. His name was Jing descendant, and his name was Dabai. His nickname was Baiwu. Lu Xun is a good friend of his hometown, a famous modern Chinese poet and literary historian.

He went to Japan and Indonesia to accept advanced ideas. He has been teaching in Zhuji middle school, Zhejiang first normal university and Fudan University for decades. In 1919, he was employed by Hengyi to reform Mandarin Education in Zhejiang No.1 teachers' college together with Chen Wangdao, Xia Mianzun and Li cijiu. He was known as the "four King Kong". Later, he served as secretary of the Ministry of education, executive vice minister, Secretary of the central political conference, etc. In the 1920s, he visited the University and gave lectures.

In 1925, he wrote lyrics for the school song of Fudan University. The lyrics of Fudan school song are between the classical Chinese and the vernacular, taking the advantages of both, which have been sung by Fudan teachers and students.

brief account of the author's life

On October 2, 1880, Liu Dabai was born in Pingshui village, Kuaiji County, Zhejiang Province. When Liu Dabai was a teenager, his surname was Jin, and his original name was Jin Qingyan. His name was Bozhen, and his name was qingzhai. In 1895, Liu Dabai left his hometown for the first time and went to Hangzhou to take the imperial examination. He was awarded an excellent Gongsheng. He was also awarded a tribute to Beijing for election. At this time, his father died of illness and failed. As an adult, Liu Dabai worked as a teacher of Shaoxing normal school and Shanhui primary school. In February 1910, he ended his life and teaching career in his hometown of watching cloud and listening to water, and went to Beijing for a job. Liu Dabai failed to find a job in Beijing, so he decided to leave Beijing by boat and return south from Haidao. After returning to Shaoxing, he co edited Shaoxing communique with Wang Shiyu, a member of the late Qing Dynasty old League Association and the Guangfu Association, and worked with his good friend Ren Shouhong in the newspaper for more than a year. In 1913, Liu Dabai fled to Japan and died. During his stay in Tokyo, Liu Dabai joined the "alliance". In 1915, he published an article against 21 treaties of betrayal, which was monitored by the Japanese police department. He had to leave Tokyo and go to Nanyang. He was successively invited by Singapore, Sumatra and other places to teach Chinese in those places, For more than a year.

It was not until June 1916, when Yuan Shikai failed to claim the title of emperor and died, that Liu Dabai was able to return from Nanyang and settle down at No. 3, Pishi lane, Hangzhou, where he worked for Hangzhou Daily to make a living. In June 1920, after returning to Shaoxing from Hangzhou, Liu Dabai went back and forth to Hangzhou, Xiaoshan, Shaoxing and other places, and successively taught in Chongwen, Anding, Chunhui and other middle schools. In the two years from 1921 to 1922, Liu Dabai wrote many new poems and impressions, which were published in the Republic of China Daily · consciousness. The new poems were signed by Liu Dabai, and the impressions were named Han Zhou or Jing Yi. Many of Liu Dabai's new poems involve the miserable life of the working people at the bottom. In 1924, Liu Dabai joined Xinnan society headed by Liu Yazi. In the same year, he joined Shanghai Branch of Literature Research Association. In March 1924, Liu Dabai's first poetry collection, old dream, was published by Shanghai Commercial Press. It collected 597 poems and was included in the "Literature Research Association Series". Chen Wangdao and Zhou Zuoren wrote the preface for the poetry collection. This is Liu Dabai's work in the heyday of new poetry creation from 1919 to 1922. In Liu Dabai's new poetry collection, there are basically three types of poems, one is lyric poetry There is another kind of reasoning poetry, and then there is the poetry with common people's thoughts.

At the end of February 1924, Liu Dabai arrived in Shanghai from Hangzhou. Recommended by Shao Lizi, he was employed as a professor of Liberal Arts in Fudan University of Shanghai. He lived in Jiangwan campus. Later, he was employed by Shanghai University to teach Chinese literature. After teaching in Fudan University and Shanghai University, Liu Dabai began to put more energy on academic research. After Sun Yat Sen reorganized the Kuomintang, Liu Dabai joined the Kuomintang with Zhu Shaoqing in order to set up the cause of education. Liu Dabai was in charge of dawn weekly with Xu Weinan, Chen Wangdao and other teachers when he was teaching in Fudan University. Liu Dabai published a large number of political articles in the journal, using the spring and autumn writing method of "praise in one word, honor in Huaguan, disparage in one word, strict in axe and axe", which hit the mark and had a certain impact on the school and society. In December 1926, another new collection of poems by Liu Dabai, Youqin, was first published by Shanghai Kaiming bookstore and included in the "Liming Society Series". The book collected 100 poems written by the author from May 1923 to may 1926. In January 1928, he resigned from Fudan University and immediately went to Hangzhou to become the Secretary General of national Zhejiang University. On August 15, 1929, Jiang Menglin, the new minister of education, invited Liu Dabai to be the permanent deputy director of the Ministry of education. Liu Dabai is not only a prolific poet, but also has a profound and incisive thought in literary criticism. He has written a collection of essays on poetry, such as Baiwu Wenhua, old poetry Xinhua, Baiwu Shuo Shi, etc. From Liu's three gilt and colored works, he has a more comprehensive and fair evaluation of literary heritage. He has not lost his or her legacy to the ancient people, nor is he blindly worshipping. Instead, he has taken the essence and discard the dross. Because Liu dbai has this foundation, both his old style poems and new poems are seldom used in the words of "gloss" and "gold". Cheng Zhang can show the poet's profound and profound skills. In 1929, Liu Dabai published a variety of works. In December, his Chinese calendar of the 50th century was published by Shanghai Commercial Press, which is a very important reference book. On December 15 of the same year, he resigned from the post of minister of government affairs of the Ministry of education. Since 1931, Liu Dabai has been writing behind closed doors. On February 13, 1932, Liu Dabai quietly lay on the bed in No. 9 Qiantang road and died with the world. He was 53 years old.

Literary status

The rumor of selling cloth was first published in the weekly review on June 6, 1920. This seemingly simple but actually profound short poem was immediately loved by the majority of readers. It was composed and sung by Mr. Zhao Yuanren, a famous linguist and composer who just came back from the United States. Zhao Yuanren pays great attention to the use of words, tune, sound and rhyme in his music creation. He has always been famous for his beautiful and fluent melody and accurate enunciation. For example, Xu Zhimo's poem "Haiyun" and Liu Bannong's poem "teach me how not to think of him" are composed by him and sung for a long time. This song "selling cloth ballad" also shows the sorrow of the rural weavers at that time.

Born in 1880, Liu Dabai was one of the important advocates of the new poetry movement in China. When he studied in Japan in his early years, he participated in the alliance. In 1912, he hosted Yu Yu Yu news in Shaoxing, his hometown, to oppose Yuan Shikai's stealing the country and becoming emperor. He was forced to exile in Nanyang after the failure of the anti yuan movement. In 1919, during the May 4th movement, he stood in the forefront of the new culture movement. "Selling cloth Ballads" and so on are his representative works advocating the use of new poetry to fight against imperialism and feudalism.

At that time, there were many people who wrote new poems, but they were in the initial stage, and all the poems had some foreign flavor or traces of old poems. Liu Dabai's poetry style was simple, fresh and easy to import, which was related to his early experience in Ju Ren, his profound knowledge of Chinese literature, his many years of residence abroad, his extensive contact with European and American culture, and his broad thinking.

In March 1924, he published the new poetry collection "old dream" in Shanghai Commercial Press, collecting 597 new poems including "selling cloth Ballads". In a short period of five years, he wrote so many poems, which is really poetic. Both Zhou Zuoren and Chen Wangdao wrote a preface to his poetry anthology. Zhou Zuoren always admired his classical poetry skills. The preface once said: "it's a pity that Mr. Liu Dabai is rich in old poetry, but he doesn't make the best use of it." It can also be seen that when he wrote new poems, he made great efforts to popularize them. His poems praise the October Revolution of the Soviet Union, but also sigh about the elusive life, such as his group of tears Series No. 37: "the mirror is in front of the flowers / why are the flowers in the mirror? /Why is the moon in the water? /Why am I in a dream again.

Another example is "the group of tears" in the 46th is such an expression of personal helplessness in the world sigh: "the bee in the window, / why don't you know the light? ——/But it's too hard to find a way out of glass

But he also encouraged himself to try his best to move forward, such as "the group of tears" No. 48: "as well, / no way to go, / just go! /What you build is a road, and what you step on is a road The 65th one is even more optimistic: "she has built a prison, / imprisoned her mind, / but she broke out and flew away in a flash. /She dug the grave and buried her thoughts, but in a flash she broke the grave and was reborn The 132nd sighed again: "I am in the dark world, / only this solitary lamp; / if it is blown out, / what shall I do?" This seems to be in hesitation again, but in 133, he perked up again: "the defense line of the past is only to protect the past; / the future, / it's time to rebuild it!"

In that era of great change, the poet's complex feelings were expressed through poetry. His poems are regarded by literary historians as "reflecting the trend of thought of the May 4th Movement", which is very accurate.

After 1924, he successively served as professor of Literature Department of Fudan University, director of Literature Department of Shanghai University, executive director of the Ministry of education of the national government and vice minister of government affairs. Busy with teaching and official business, and writing literature handouts, he was isolated from the folk and the bottom, and wrote less poetry. It was impossible to write such a profound poem about the suffering of the people as the ballad of selling cloth.

But some people think that "Liu Dabai's later poems (such as the collection of post kisses) are becoming increasingly lonely and decadent." But to him

Chinese PinYin : Liu Da Bai