Huan Yi

Huan Yi

Huanyi (276 ~ 328), the word maolun, Qiaoguo Longkang (now Longkang Town, Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province) people. Minister of the Western Jin Dynasty, the ninth grandson of the famous Confucian Huanrong in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the father of the great Sima Huanwen.

Born in Huan family of Qiao County, he is good at literature and martial arts. During the reign of emperor Hui of the Jin Dynasty, he was appointed as the governor of Yuzhou, worshipping the captains of riding horses, taking refuge in Sima Rui, the king of the Jin Dynasty, and serving as a member of the Chinese army. When Emperor Jin and Ming ascended the throne, he worshiped the cavalry and served as a constant servant. He was canonized as the male of Wanning county and moved to Xuancheng Prefecture from the rebellion of pingwangdun. He has made great achievements and is deeply loved.

In the third year of Xianhe (328), Emperor Cheng of Jin Dynasty suppressed the rebellion of Su Jun and was killed by Han Huang, a rebel general. At that time, he was fifty-three years old and was given the title of "Tingwei" and his posthumous title was "Jian". During the reign of Xian'an, taichangqing was pursued as a gift.

(overview photo source:)

Life of the characters

Huan Yi (276-328), whose name is maolun, is the son of Huan Hao and the father of Huan Wen. He was born in Longkang (now Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province) of Qiao state in the Eastern Jin Dynasty

.

Born in a great family, he is smart and studious since childhood, and is good at literature and martial arts. He was an old man and became an official with the title of governor of the state. During the reign of emperor yuan of Jin (317-323), he moved to Shulang and libilang. Later, Wang Dun abandoned his post because he was good at politics. In the second year of Taining (324 AD), the emperor of Jin and Ming issued an imperial edict to attack Wang Dun, who was in critical condition, and ordered him to be a regular official.

After Wang Dun's rebellion was put down, Huan Yi was granted the title of male of Wanning county. At that time, there were frequent disturbances in Xuancheng. Some people recommended Huan Yi as the governor of Xuancheng to govern Xuancheng. At the beginning, the emperor of Jin and Ming refused to accept it. Later, someone recommended it again, so he added Huan Yi as the internal history of Xuancheng. The history said that he had a strong political voice. Under his rule, the production in the county developed and the people's life was stable.

In the second year of Xianhe (327 A.D.), Su Jun, a general of the town, rebelled against Nanjing and attacked Nanjing on the ground that Yu Liang, a court official, was good at autocracy. When he learned that Huan wanted to go to Nanjing to denounce Yi. On the one hand, he sent Zhu Chuo to Wuhu to fight against the rebels, on the other hand, he reported the military situation to the imperial court. Yu Liang, who was in Nanjing, first sent General Sima Liu to Cihu to fight with the rebels, but he was defeated. After Sima Liu died, he ordered Huan Yi to attack. Considering that Xuancheng was vulnerable and difficult to defend, Huan Yi retreated to Guangde first, and then to Jingxian county

Wuxiling

Build fortifications to resist. At that time, many states and counties were afraid of the powerful rebel forces and sent people to the rebels to make peace and surrender.

Huan Yi's generals also urged him to pretend to make peace with the rebels, so as to avoid the momentum of the rebels and preserve his strength. He was denounced: "I have received great kindness from the country. I should die for righteousness. I can endure dirt and disgrace, and talk with ugly rebels. If it doesn't work, it's life. " Therefore, Huan Yi chose to fight hard and sent General Yu Zong to stick to Shilan, the gateway of Jing City. Unexpectedly, Su Jun sent troops to encircle from the southeast, broke the Shilan defense line, and entered Jingcheng. Huan Yi insisted on defending the city, and the rebels sent people to persuade him to surrender. He did not follow, but because of the situation, the city was defeated. Huan Yi, 53, was killed by the rebels on the way to retreat.

After the death of Huan Yi, Ji Shihe, a Xuancheng man, collected his remains and buried them in dongmendu, a small town in the north of the city.

Later, Su Jun attacked Nanjing, Yu Liang left, and Su Jun controlled the government alone. It was not long before Yu Xianhe was exterminated by the Allied forces organized by Tashi taokan of Jingzhou and Wenqiao of Jiangzhou in 329 ad. In order to commemorate Huan Yi's heroic spirit of fighting against the enemy, later generations built a Huan cemetery at the place where he was killed. During the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty (1506-1521 AD), another Huan cemetery was built at the side of the tomb.

Main achievements

Jiangzuo Bada

Huan Yi is a child of Huan family of Qiao state, a traditional Confucian family. He is the ninth grandson of Huan Rong, a master of Confucian classics. However, in the gentry society of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the rigid and conservative Confucian behavior was inescapable. Therefore, in order to get into the upper class society of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Huan Yi had to change his ways and gave up the Confucian dogma for the time being. Instead, he became a young metaphysician with outstanding style. Streaking, drinking, strange clothes, hair and other fashion signs began to become the theme of Huan Yi's life. As a result of his bold behavior and avant-garde style, Huan Yi gradually became famous and became a must for celebrities such as Xie Kun, yang man and Ruan Fu to hold drunken and crazy banquets. Through drinking and running naked with famous people such as Xie Kun, yang man and Ruan Fu, Huan Yi became more and more famous, and finally became a famous group "Jiangzuo Bada".

The rebellion of Wang Dun

Huan Yi, who lost his father when he was young, fell into a poor family. A little longer, he can treat suffering with a positive and progressive attitude. This kind of positive behavior, deeply appreciated by the society, so the "book of Jin" on the evaluation of him is "sexual fluency, early fame.". Recommended by his good friend Yu Liang when he was young, he entered the official career when he was young. His first position was the governor of the state. The so-called "master book" was only an official in charge of documents at first. But in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, he became the chief of staff of generals and important officials. In the first emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Jin Yuan emperor, Huan Yi was appointed general Anton and magistrate of Junqiu county (now Feidong County, Anhui Province). Because of his talent and governance ability, he was promoted to zhongshulang and shangshulibilang in just three or four years, and became a formal official of the imperial court. He soon became famous in the imperial court, and was suspected and resented by Wang Dun who was good at ruling the imperial court at that time. Huan Yi was worried that Wang Dun's jealousy would bring disaster to the whole Huan family, so he resigned and returned to his hometown on the grounds of illness, and became a recluse. Soon after the death of emperor yuan, Emperor Ming succeeded to the throne. Yu Liang recommended Huan Yi to be the minister minister. Wang Dun had a premonition that his power would be weakened, so he led a rebellion against the imperial court ahead of time. Huan Yi strongly supported the imperial court to fight against the rebellion, and the emperor of Jin and Ming promoted him to be a regular official on horseback and participated in the military affairs of the imperial court. With his unique wisdom and ability, Huan Yi soon became the "think tank" of the new emperor. After Wang Dun's rebellion was put down, Huan Yi was named the founding man of Wanning County for his special contribution in planning, and entered the five ranks of "Gong, Hou, Bo, Zi, Nan" in ancient dynasty.

Serve the country with death

After Wang dunzhi's rebellion, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was in urgent need of political stability and economic recovery. In view of Huan Yi's wisdom and ability, Wen Qiao, then governor of Danyang (today's Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province), advised the emperor to recommend Huan Yi as Xuancheng's internal history, and said: "Xuancheng is in frequent turmoil, so it's better to live in Xuancheng, and steal that Huan Yi can be his choice." The so-called "real hope" refers to people who have both fame and practical ability. From the practice of pacifying Wang Dun's rebellion, Emperor Ming deeply felt that Huan Yi really had the ability to shoulder heavy responsibilities, and highly appreciated Wen Qiao's recommendation. When Huan Yi learned about this, he immediately told the emperor of Ming that he was "the responsibility of internal and external affairs is not acceptable", expressing that he could not undertake the important task of Xuancheng internal history. Xuancheng County in those days governed the vast area of Xuancheng City, Wuhu City and Ma'anshan City. It was in charge of military, political, economic and traffic affairs in this area, especially the control of the Yangtze River. If it was well controlled, it could ensure the safety of the capital Jiankang (now Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province). The Ming emperor appointed Huan Yi as Xuancheng's internal history in consideration of his modesty. After the war, Xuancheng was desolate, and a large number of people in exile had not yet returned. After Huan Yi came to Xuancheng, he first recruited refugees to provide disaster relief, worked hard to benefit the people, and tried his best to provide disaster relief and solve difficulties. When the people's situation was a little slower, he led the army and the people to build the qilishu city wall for Xuancheng for the sake of safety, which was the first city in Xuancheng's history. Huan Yi's diligent, clean and honest official style greatly moved the Xuancheng people, and the people supported their "huanneishi". In the biography of Huan Yi in the book of Jin, ten words are used to summarize Huan Yi's achievements in Xuancheng: "there are Huisheng in the county, cherished by the people.". However, the stability within Xuancheng's jurisdiction has not been maintained for a long time, only for more than two years.

In December 327 (the second year of Xianhe, Emperor chengdi of Jin Dynasty), Su Jun, the champion general with more than 10000 elite soldiers and the internal history of Liyang county (now Hexian County, Anhui Province), united with the general of Pingxi who occupied Shouchun (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province) and the censor zuyue of Yuzhou, led the army to rebel in the name of attacking Yu Liang's powerful officials, and soon the world was in chaos. At this time, Huan Yi immediately "rallied the righteous and wanted to go to the imperial court" to defend the capital Jiankang (today's Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province). His subordinates tried to dissuade him by saying that Xuancheng's troops were weak and it was difficult to retreat from the enemy. He also tried to persuade his subordinates to lead the troops to Wuhu (today's Wuhu City, Anhui Province) quickly. When they were going downstream, they were beaten by the elite rebel troops After a big defeat, he fled back to Xuancheng, and the rebels chased him to the bottom of the city. In view of the fact that Xuancheng county was not in danger of consolidation, it retreated from Guangde (now Guangde County, Anhui Province). In Guangde, the news came that the rebels had defeated the imperial army. Huan Yi was very upset. He always wanted to help Wang Shi and save the imperial court, so he quickly led the army to Jingxian county (now Jingxian County, Anhui Province). Just at this time, it was heard that Su Jun's rebels had captured Jiankang, the capital. When Huan Yi was "crying generously", he was determined to stick to Jing County and resist the rebels. At this time, many of the surrounding counties had been surrendered to the rebels. Su Jun ordered them to come to Jing County in turn to persuade Huan Yi to surrender, but they were all severely rejected by Huan Yi. Han Huang, Su Jun's general, and his troops besieged Jing County tightly. Huan Yi's subordinates became nervous and suggested Huan Yi to surrender to the rebels in order to prevent the rebels from slaughtering the city. Huan Yi zhengse said: "I received the country's kindness, righteousness in the death, how can bear dirt and disgrace and ugly converse asked!" More than a month later, a small county was conquered and Huan Yi was killed by Han Huang, a rebel general, in the city at the age of 53. The rebellion of Su Jun and Zu Yue was pacified by Wang Shi, who was led by Wen Qiao and Tao Kan

Chinese PinYin : Huan Yi