Anqi

Anqi

Anqi (1683 ～? ）He is a collector of calligraphy and painting in Qing Dynasty. Word Yi Zhou, number Lu Village, Songquan old man. Tianjin people, Korean people. He died between the ninth and eleventh years of Qianlong (1744-1746). Anqi was a salt merchant, and his family was rich. He has studied since he was a child, and loves French calligraphy and famous paintings. At that time, several famous collectors died one after another, and most of them were collected by Anqi. According to the annals of wenduangong in the 59th year of Kangxi, all the relics of Li Xiang's family, Bian's family and Zhending's Liang's family in Lu village have been collected. The name of the book, a in the three auxiliary Gushui thatched cottage is located in the southeast of Tianjin city. In addition, there is an old fragrant book house, which is the place for the collection of famous paintings and calligraphy.

personal works

The famous paintings in Anqi's collection include: spring outing by Zhan Ziqian, snow scenery and cold forest by fan Kuan, Xiaoxiang by Dong Yuan, etc.; famous calligraphy products include Dongshan songtie by Wang Xianzhi, bu Shang tie by Ouyang Xun, Shenzheng tie by Mi Fu, Weiqing daoren tie by Huang Tingjian, Zishu shizhaxie by Cai Xiang, Daofu Zan by Fan Zhongyan, Zhuo AI tie by Ouyang Xiu, and Leng tie by Wang Anshi These are all famous works in the history of Chinese painting and calligraphy. An Qi is worthy of being a great collector of Chinese painting and calligraphy.

An Qi devoted himself to collecting calligraphy and painting. He collected calligraphy and paintings from the Three Kingdoms to the Wei and Jin Dynasties to the end of the Ming Dynasty. Most of the seals are genuine. Of course, most of these paintings and calligraphies are in good condition and not worn out. They have been collected or recorded by famous artists in the past dynasties. They have the inscriptions and chants of the famous sages of the previous dynasties, and they are well-known works that have been handed down.

Like other collectors, he will seal and remember all the ancient calligraphy and painting works identified, appreciated and collected by Anqi. His main collections are printed with "Yi Zhou appreciation", "Lu Cun", "An Qi's seal", "An Yi Zhou's collection", "an Shi Yi Zhou's book chapter", "Hanmo Lin", "Wuzhao", "Xinshang", "Guxiang library", "en Yuan Tang", "yuti library", etc.

Personal resume

Most of Anqi's collections are high-quality products, and most of them are collected by famous scholars of the previous generation. The commonly used marks of Anqi include "the collection of Anyi Zhou family", "Korean", "the seal of Anqi", "Lucun", "the collection of Yizhou", "the appreciation of Yizhou", "the chapter of calligraphy and painting of Anyi Zhou", etc.

Jia family sells salt to make a fortune

Fan Kuan, a great painter of the Northern Song Dynasty, once collected in the Forbidden City, is the treasure of Tianjin Museum. This painting has been popular among the people since it came into being. It was collected by Anqi during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty.

In the later period of Kangxi, an Qi made his fortune by selling salt in Tianjin. After that, he began to collect a large number of ancient paintings and calligraphy, and recorded his collection into a book, that is, Mo Yuan Hui Guan. According to the records in the book, the number of paintings and calligraphy collected by Anqi at that time was not only huge, but also most of them were treasures of famous artists with a long history. However, in the early years of Qianlong, due to the relocation of Tianjin salt farm, the new salt merchants replaced the old ones, and their homes also fell. This large number of fine paintings and calligraphy in Anqi's hands were purchased by the court one after another.

Anqi's rise is a legend of Qi dongyeyu. It is said that he came to Beijing with Korean tribute envoys and bought a copy, which recorded the number and location of gold and silver in the hoard. Of course, it was a strange argot. An Qi tries to visit the mansion in Beijing and finds the cellar. Therefore, he borrowed millions of silver from Mingzhu and made a fortune in salt industry in Tianjin and Yangzhou.

According to the Suoyin school in a dream of Red Mansions, the archetype of Jia Baoyu is Nalanxingde, the son of Mingzhu, the prime minister, who was in power during the reign of Kangxi. The huge wealth hidden in Mingzhu was discovered by Anqi by decoding the code. According to Liu Shengmu's Changchu Zhai essays, Yi Zhou built a huge house in Yangzhou, which was extravagant and extravagant. After reading for more than 100 years, Yangzhou people still know that there are "an ER Da Zi". There is a place name "Lugua lane", originally "Anjia lane", which is erroneous because of its popular name. Although it was destroyed by the army many times, it was still not easy to say. It can be seen that on that day, the surname an was famous in people's eyes and ears.

Mingzhu and Empress Dowager Cixi are of the same family, surnamed yehenala. His grandfather's name is jintaiji, who is the close uncle of emperor Taiji of the Qing Dynasty. Jintaiji and Emperor Taizu of the Qing Dynasty are close relatives, but they always fight each other until they die. When his descendants surrendered, they set up the zhenghuang banner, which was handed down by Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty. The emperor Taizu of the Qing Dynasty once conquered Korea, and there were a lot of people who accepted the surrender. Therefore, among the three banners, zhenghuang banner had "Korean assistant collar", and Zhengbai banner had "Huizi assistant collar" (the Ma family in Zhengbai banner, that is, Cao Xueqin's mother, should have come from yizuo collar).

Famous calligraphy and paintings collected by Anqi

From the period of the Three Kingdoms to the end of the Ming Dynasty, a large number of them are basically recorded in the book "Moyuan Huiguan". The book, which was completed in 1742, contains six volumes and describes the legal books and famous paintings respectively. Among them, there are 2 volumes of FA Shu, 1 volume of Xu Lu, 2 volumes of famous paintings and 1 volume of Xu Lu. Each volume is listed in chronological order, and then described item by item. The style is quite complete. Each one is marked with its texture, size and color first, and then narrates its content, spread and comments on its merits and demerits, which can correct the mistakes of predecessors and supplement their shortcomings. This book is a good description of ancient painting and calligraphy.

After an Qi's death, his family was in a state of decline. Most of his collections went to Qianlong's neifu in the Qing Dynasty, and the rest were scattered in the south of the Yangtze River.

As a child, ANQI loved the famous paintings of the Dharma script. At that time, several collectors died one after another, and most of the fine works were owned by Anqi. Most of them are recorded in Mo Yuan Hui Guan. The book was completed in the seventh year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong. It consists of six volumes. Each volume is listed in chronological order, and then described one by one. Each one is first marked with its texture, size and coloring, then narrated its content, spread and evaluated its merits and demerits, which can correct the mistakes of predecessors and supplement their shortcomings. "Moyuanhuiguan" is an excellent description of ancient calligraphy and painting. After the death of an Qi, his family was in decline. Most of his collections were put into Qianlong's palace, and the rest were scattered in Jiangnan.

Famous book collector

Anqi (1683-1742)

He is a calligrapher and connoisseur in Qing Dynasty. An Anqi, the word Yizhou, Hao Lu Village, another name Songquan old man, Korean people. Tianjin Wei (now Tianjin) people. In his early years, he once operated salt industry in Huainan on behalf of Nalan Mingzhu, with millions of capital, and was famous for a time. In 1708, Kangxi moved to Tianjin. In the early years of Qianlong's reign, he went out of his home to build the wall of Tianjin and provided relief to thousands of poor and unemployed people. There were poor and poor literati in Jianghuai area, who helped them. I like collecting ancient books, calligraphy and painting very much. I'm good at appreciating historical sites. I'm rich in collection. He once collected rare books of Xiang, Liang and Bian families. He is good at painting and calligraphy. His works on painting and calligraphy include four volumes of Moyuan Huiguan, which records all his collection of painting and calligraphy, and has incisive textual research. He is highly praised by his peers and is called a "liberal and good ancient scholar". He once collected the calligraphy work of suojing, a calligrapher of Jin Dynasty, which is the earliest extant handed down ink, Tang Gaoxian's cursive script, and Tang huaisu's bitter bamboo shoots calligraphy. Finally, it was collected in Shiqu treasure collection of Qianlong. The seal of collection includes "seal of calligraphy and painting of Anlu village in Korea", "collection of Anyi Zhoujia", "yuti Shufu", "Hanmo Lin identification seal", "seal of calligraphy and painting of Anlu village in Korea", "seal of Korean", "seal of book collection of Anlu Village", "seal of book collection of Anyi Zhoujia", "identification of Anyi Zhoujia", "collection of Yizhou", "siyuantang" and "Guxiang bookstore" ”"Hanmo Lin", "yuti Shufu", "Wuhu", "Lucun" and so on. After his death, part of the collection of books and antiques belonged to Sheng Yu, duanfang and other families.

Social evaluation

Most of the paintings and calligraphy collected by an Qi are dramas of Jin, Tang, song and Yuan Dynasties. Most of the paintings and calligraphy recorded in Mo Yuan Hui Guan are authentic. Most of the works described are collected by the author himself. He also wrote a sequel to Mo Yuan Hui Guan, which was occasionally owned by other people. He collected 332 pieces of legal books and 201 pieces of famous paintings in the past dynasties. All of them were handed down and can be trusted.

Chinese PinYin : An Qi