LAN Dingyuan

LAN Dingyuan

LAN Dingyuan (1680-1733), named Yulin, was born in Zhangpu, Fujian Province. LAN Tingzhen's younger brother came to Taiwan with LAN Tingzhen in 1721, and then lived in Taiwan for more than a year. He went to the Junfu, planned military aircraft, handled government affairs, and put forward many strategies for Governing Taiwan, known as "the master of Taiwan.". The Qing government set up Suihua county and Danshui department in Taiwan, promoted Penghu to Tongzhi of coastal defense, increased troops and divided garrison, which mostly came from LAN Dingyuan's suggestion. There are "East collection", "platform synopsis", "Luzhou case", "women's school" and other works. In 1725, he went to the inner court to revise the unified annals of the Qing Dynasty. In 1728, he was the magistrate of Puning, Guangdong Province. In 1732, he served as the governor of Guangzhou. He died a month later.

Leaving school and entering Taiwan

In 1721, the 60th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, LAN Dingyuan went to Taiwan with LAN Tingzhen. After that, he lived in Taiwan for more than a year. He went in and out of the military government, planned military aircraft, dealt with government affairs, wrote books and put forward many strategies for Governing Taiwan, and LAN Tingzhen's articles were mostly written by him. Therefore, it is known as the master of Taiwan. LAN Dingyuan was familiar with Taiwan's history. After entering Taiwan, he made a comprehensive survey of Taiwan's social, political, economic and military realities, as well as its geography, customs, beliefs, education and so on. He was the first to put forward specific measures to comprehensively govern Taiwan and promote Taiwan to a "cultural" society, namely, 19 things: "trust in rewards and punishments, punish litigants, weed and steal, govern the people, forbid bad customs, watch officials and petty officials, reform regulations, advocate thrift, get married properly, build schools, cultivate military equipment, strictly guard the Imperial Guard, teach trees and livestock, ease taxes and levies, reclaim the land, restore officials and villages, sympathize with pengmin, Fu Shi fan, recruit students."; These have always been the basis for Taiwan officials to govern Taiwan.

The Qing government's policy towards Taiwan

After the Qing Dynasty took over Taiwan, the administrative establishment of one government and three counties were concentrated in the West and the south, but there were no officials in the north and the East. This was not suitable to the situation that a large number of immigrants from Fujian and Guangdong moved to Taiwan in the last years of Kangxi, and the land in the north and central areas was greatly developed. Especially in the vast mountainous area where Tufan lived, there were more and more contacts between Han and fan dynasties, but some officials in the imperial court even proposed that the mountainous area should be regarded as "abandoned soil", which is even more unwise. LAN Dingyuan put forward pertinent opinions with the serious attitude of a scholar. He said: "Taiwan's overseas natural insurance is more important than that of the mainland. Therefore, Japan's Taiwan is more important than ten or twenty years ago. Previously, Taiwan was only a hundred li away from Fucha, and Fengshan and Zhuluo were all poisonous and miasmatic places, which made those who lived in the city dare not come. Today, the south end of the Langqiao, than poor fresh water, parrot cage more than five thousand miles, people flocking to carry on. At the foot of the mountain, people dare not get close to it. They think it's wild and murderous. Today, a group of people in the mountains, miscellaneous farming fan, although not afraid to kill. Even puppets, the mainland, hazanan, Chongyao, beinami and other societies, some Han people dare to trade with them. It's getting more and more complicated, but it's getting more and more far away. Although it's forbidden, it can't stop it. " It also puts forward the idea of adding county system: the north road is vast and empty in the past. It is divided into two counties: one county is set up above the half line, which is called "Changhua"; the terrain of Danshui is important, and the population is increasing day by day, so Danshui hall is set up. LAN Dingyuan called on Taiwan's mountainous areas not to be abandoned, especially emphasizing the importance of mountainous areas. He said: "Taiwan's high mountains, fertile soil, the most beneficial to cultivate, where the benefits, people will tend to. Those who do not return will return to the fan and the thief. Even if civil strife does not occur and the crown comes from outside, Japan and Holland will suffer, so we must deal with it as soon as possible. "Lan Dingyuan's opinions were mostly adopted by the imperial court; the idea of setting up a county and the suggestions of stationing civil and military officials, setting up flood control and garrison boats, etc. were realized one by one; the appeal that mountains should not be abandoned was also accepted by senior officials of the imperial court. In the 41st year of Kangxi (1702), the Qing government banned immigrants from carrying their families to Taiwan, which resulted in many men and few women in Taiwan, and it was difficult for young people to get married, which affected the development of the society. In the book on Taiwan Affairs and dongzhengji, he listed a large number of harsh facts such as "all immigrants are strong farmers, no wives, no old people and childishness", "those who have families in a village can't be the same". He suggested: "those who want to go to Taiwan for farming must bring their families, and then they are allowed to take care of them. There are family members of Taiwan people in the mainland who are willing to move to Taiwan for a reunion. Xu Xian submitted a photo to move to the mainland, but Wenwu xunkou was not allowed to stay in trouble. "In the ninth year of Yongzheng (1731), the Qing government carried out the policy of carrying family members into Taiwan according to the law, which was proposed by LAN Dingyuan and other officials. LAN Dingyuan wrote many works, such as Lu Zhou Chu Ji, nu Xue, Dong Zheng Ji, Tai Ping Ji Lue, Lu Zhou Gong An (also known as LAN Gong An and LAN Gong Qi an), and participated in the compilation of the unified annals of the Qing Dynasty. The six volumes of dongzhengji are the compilation of Gongxi, Shuzhi, tiaozhen and Jiaoyu that he wrote for LAN Tingzhen.

A brief introduction to the platform

A brief introduction to the platform was written after more than a year's investigation in Taiwan. The brilliant ideas and strategies embodied in these two books had a profound influence on the development of Taiwan in the Qing Dynasty. It was not until the 52nd year of Qianlong that Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty issued an edict: "I read the collection of Dongzheng written by LAN Dingyuan, and his words are very useful. Chang Qing and Li Shiyao bought the detailed Fujian Province, and carefully examined the situation when handling the aftermath. As discussed in the book, if there are advantages and disadvantages in the matter, we might as well consider the selection, so that the manager of Haijiang can know everything well. "Even Heng, a Taiwan historian, said:" most of the books written by Ding Yuan were related to Taiwan Affairs. Later, most of the officials in Taiwan took money. "

Chinese PinYin : Lan Ding Yuan