Bai Yunpeng

Bai Yunpeng

Bai Yunpeng, a native of Baxian County, Hebei Province, was an actor of Jingyun Dagu and the founder of baipai Jingyun Dagu. Because he combined his personal talent and life experience, he chose the theme suitable for his personal expertise to compose music and create tune, and gradually formed a unique artistic style with clear pronunciation, mellow charm, and good at expressing the inner feelings of the characters in the book. He formed the Peking drum of Bai school, which is as famous as Liu (Baoquan) school and Zhang (Xiaoxuan) school. His artistic style still has far-reaching influence.

Life of the characters

Bai Yunpeng (1874-1952.4.6) is an actor of Jingyun drum and the founder of Bai school. When Bai Yunpeng was young, he sang bamboo writing on the blackboard in the countryside. Later, he was taught by Shi Zhenlin, an artist of wooden drum.

In 1910, when he was 30 years old, he went to Beijing and Tianjin to sing the Jingyun drum evolved from wooden board. At the beginning of the song are "Changbanpo", "battle Changsha", "single sword meeting" and so on. With the singing of "civilized drum" in Sihai Shengping amusement park, Bai Yunpeng is constantly exploring and developing his own artistic style, which breeds new artistic schools.

After 1910, according to his own quality and understanding, Bai Yunpeng created the representative works of Bai school, such as burning manuscript, crying Daiyu, exploring Qingwen and Meng Jiangnu. Although his voice is low, it sounds mellow and mellow. His enunciation is clear and powerful. His singing is charming and vigorous. He is good at conveying the inner feelings of the characters through half recitation and half singing. When describing the scenery and expressing the sorrow of the characters, the Bai school often uses the singing method of seeing the strange in the plain, steady and changeable, which properly mobilizes the function of parallelism and has deep artistic appeal.

From 1930 to 1950, the art of Bai school flourished, especially after the founding of the people's Republic of China. Under the guidance of the party's literature and art policy, Bai Yunpeng, who was over the age of 60, actively sang new songs and began to sort out the traditional heritage. After he was hired to work in the Chinese Opera Research Institute, he arranged and sang Hua Mulan and other songs.

Study

Bai Yunpeng was born in a poor family in Gaoquan village. His father was an honest and kind farmer. Bai Yunpeng's childhood was very hard. He begged at the age of 3, picked up firewood with his mother at the age of 4, and dug wild vegetables in the field at the age of 5. Although his father Bai Fenglin was a farmer, he loved the traditional folk art and was able to play erhu. He was the backbone of the rural drama. Influenced by his father's simple culture and art, Bai Yunpeng learned to read scripts and sing various tunes in his spare time, and fell in love with these folk arts. Because he is open-minded and eager to learn, he learns to sing with emotion and makes rapid progress. When Bai Yunpeng was 8 years old, his mother was seriously ill and unfortunately died. He and his father were dependent on each other and their life was more difficult. Because of the pressure of life, young Bai Yunpeng and his father with Hu Xian, in Yongqing, anci, Baxian area sing for help. When Bai Yunpeng was 14 years old, he learned to sing Xihe Dagu under the guidance of Shi Zhenlin, a blind folk artist who sang Xihe Dagu. In the world of art, Bai Yunpeng assiduously studies the rhythm and rhyme of Xihe Dagu, and according to the plot of the story, finely depicts the inner feelings of the characters. Bai Yunpeng left school at the age of 20 and began to roam the society alone. In 1898, Bai Yunpeng got married at the age of 25 and gave birth to a little girl the next year. In 1900, there was a Boxer Rebellion in his hometown. Bai Yunpeng was moved by the simple patriotic feelings of the villagers and the heroic spirit of the boxers to fight for national independence. At that time, the hometown was in chaos and the people were in dire need of living, so people didn't have leisure to listen to books and play. In order to maintain the family's life, Bai Yunpeng left his hometown, left his father, wife and daughter, and went to Tianjin alone to sing for survival.

History of prosperity

In his youth, Bai Yunpeng once sang bamboo writing on the blackboard in his hometown, and was awarded the county's famous ticket by Chen. In 1890, when he was 16 years old, he came to Beijing to perform. He once wrote a Book Review of five tigers Pingxi to Wang Yikui for three months, but his performance was poor. Instead, he learned Chaqu from Han, and he also learned single string brand music and Chaqu from famous single string composer Quan Yueru. A few years later, he came to Beijing for the second time to perform at temple fairs in various markets. He worshipped Shi Zhenlin, a famous wooden drum maker, as his teacher, and made great progress in the art industry. At first, he was still good at talking and singing about wooden drum. In 1904, at the age of 30, Bai Yunpeng began to sing Jingyun Dagu, which evolved from wooden Dagu, in Beijing and Tianjin. He gradually specialized in short passages and abandoned Dashu. In the autumn of 1911, Liu Baoquan, a famous Jingyun drum player, recommended him to perform in Sihai Shengping, a vaudeville garden at the north entrance of stone Hutong in Beijing. Since then, he has performed in Beijing, Tianjin and other places with growing reputation. He has also performed in Northeast China, Jiangsu, Shanghai and Wuhan.

Bai Yunpeng had been to Beijing for some time before he became famous. At that time, Beijingers called Xihe Dagu "timid Dagu" which was popular in Hebei Province. Beijing listening and speaking books are very particular, with four elements of tune, CI, rhyme and string. But Bai Yunpeng's "timid drum" can't meet the requirements of Beijing people. He can only sing in stalls, temple fairs and small opera troupes. In order to climb to the new artistic peak, Bai Yunpeng created the Jingyun drum. In order to innovate, he hired famous string pullers and libretto singers. Starting from the aria of a dream of Red Mansions, he repeatedly practiced and sang word by word and song by song. Combined with Beijing People's favorite Beijing dialect, he organically cooperated with tune, CI, rhyme and string, singing and changing while performing. In less than half a year, his Beijing Drum was characterized by broad and vigorous voice, light articulation and loose voice The combination of rap and singing makes the feeling tactful and self-contained, which is highly praised by the audience. It has become a famous founder of Jingyun Dagu Bai school. After Bai Yunpeng's Jingyun drum became famous in Beijing, he has been performing in high-end theatrical gardens for many times. Later, he returned to Tianjin as his birthplace and gradually developed to Jinan, Nanjing, Shanghai, Wuhu and other places. Wherever he went, he was welcomed by the audience. During the performance in Shanghai, Yu qiaqing, manager of Sanbei company, a big capitalist in Shanghai, a well-known figure in politics and business circles, personally delivered a gold plaque with "a school of its own".

old age

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Mr. Bai Yunpeng ushered in a new dawn. He loved the country, the society and the artistic career he pursued all his life. In 1950, he was honored to attend the National Congress of Quyi workers and was received by the party and state leaders. After his retirement in 1951, Bai Yunpeng was employed by the Chinese Academy of drama as a consultant and art director. He was employed by Beijing art training school as a special teacher and spared no effort to make his due contribution to the national art cause. In 1952, nearly 80 years old, Mr. Bai died of esophageal cancer on April 6.

artistic characteristics

"Bai Pai" Jingyun drum was created by Bai Yunpeng according to his own voice conditions. Bai Yunpeng (1874-1952) was born in Baxian County, Hebei Province. In his youth, he talked and sang big books at temple fairs in rural areas. Later, he worshipped Shi Zhenlin as his teacher and changed to sing board drum. After 1910, he changed to sing Jingyun drum. The characteristic of his singing is to sing according to the words, and use the gentle and low back singing method. He basically does not sing with high voice, which is different from Liu Baoquan and Zhang Xiaoxuan.

Although the voice is low, it sounds mellow and mellow, and the words are clear and powerful. The singing is charming and vigorous. It is good at conveying the inner feelings of the characters through half recitation and half singing. When describing the scenery and expressing the sorrow of the characters, the Bai school often uses the singing method of seeing the strange in the plain, steady and changeable, which properly mobilizes the function of parallelism and has deep artistic appeal.

Main works

Bai Yunpeng's repertoire is known as "wenmingshuci", which is mainly composed of passages. The traditional themes include "Daiyu burning manuscript", "Baoyu visiting a doctor", "Baoyu getting married", "crying Daiyu", "Baoyu becoming a monk", "Qingwen mending Qiu", "Qingwen tearing fan", "sending Qingwen", "exploring Qingwen", "offering sacrifices to Qingwen", "hulaoguan", "fengyiting", "crying ancestral temple", "sangulu", "bowangpo" and "Xu muxun" Xu Mu scolds Cao, Zhan Xingyang, Ma Chao's surrender to Han, beheading Ma Su, Zhan Changsha, Bai Di Cheng, Meng Jiangnu, Hua Mulan, Qianjin Quande, farewell to my concubine, biography of Hongfu, Dou Gong Xun Nu, fan Jinding scolds Cheng, Fang Xiaoru, Mei Shan hen, Ning Wu Guan, farewell to my mother's random arrow There are more than 40 sections, such as zhen'e stabbing the tiger, Xiangzi asking for the seal and Xingshi Jinduo.

Bai Yunpeng's Jingyun drum records still exist in the world, including Changbanpo, Daiyu burning manuscript, tanqingwen, Baidi City, Daiyu returning to heaven, weeping ancestral temple, Fang Xiaoru, farewell my concubine, Taixu dreamland, Meng Jiangnu, Cihu, Shuangyu Tingqin, etc. His representative repertoire includes Dai Yu burning manuscript, Bao Yu getting married, Meng Jiangnu and Hua Mulan. After the new singing movement, it advocated the idea of national progress.

Features of works

For example, in Meng Jiangnu looking for her husband, Meng Jiangnu had to walk all the way. Bai Yunpeng used his usual emotional tone to show Meng Jiangnu's picturesque, singing and weeping journey in a delicate way. That is "love is always with thousands of rivers and mountains". Because of this activity, his Ci was written by Han Xiaochuang, a literati in Qing Dynasty. His writing is euphemistic, desolate, and elegant. When I heard "Jiang Feng fishing and fire geese in a line", I could not help shouting.

Bai Pai's singing is very particular in dealing with the pronunciation, paying attention to the coordination of the sound level, the change of the strength of the pronunciation, and the setting of the weight of the tone. He is especially good at singing large sections of parallelism sentences. Although there are many sentences, the singing is not repeated. Such as "she now", "I now" in "Daiyu burning manuscript".

Actor pedigree

First generation Bai Yunpeng

The second generation Yan Qiuxia, Han Dequan and Cheng Shutang

Chinese PinYin : Bai Yun Peng