Xiang Liang
Xiang Liang
Xiang Liang (?)? (208 BC), surnamed Ji, surnamed Xiang, named Liang, was born in Suqian, Jiangsu Province. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, he was a historical figure, a descendant of the nobles of the state of Chu, the son of Xiang Yan, a famous general of the state of Chu, and the uncle of Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu.
At the end of the Qin Dynasty, troops were set up in Kuaiji. Xiong Xin, the king of Chu, ascended the throne and was named "Wu Xin Jun" to pacify the power of Qin Jia and Jing Ju. In the war against Qin uprising, he made a lot of contributions.
In the second year of Qin II, he was attacked by Zhang Han, a famous general of the state of Qin. He fought in Dingtao and died.
Life of the characters
A family of famous generals
According to the records in Yuan he Xing Zuan and Da song re Xiu Guang Yun of the Tang Dynasty, Xiang Liang was the descendant of Xiang state with the same surname Ji in the Zhou Dynasty. After Xiang state was destroyed by Lu state in the spring and Autumn period, it took the state name as the family name. Xiang Liang was a nobleman of the state of Chu for generations. Xiang Yan, the father of Xiang Liang, was a famous general who was killed in the war of destroying Chu in Qin Dynasty. Many of Xiang's ancestors were also generals of the state of Chu. In the early days, Xiang Liang and his nephew Xiang Yu (the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty) fled to Wuzhong for murder. Xiang Liang has a high prestige in Wuzhong, where all the virtuous scholars and bureaucrats are under him, and all the local events are hosted by him. Xiang Liang used this condition to recruit and train his children.
Kuaiji Uprising
In the autumn of 209 BC (the first year of Qin II), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang revolted in daze township. In September of the same year, Yin Tong, the prefect of Kuaiji, said to Xiang Liang, "all the people to the west of Dajiang have rebelled. This is also the time when heaven is going to destroy the Qin Dynasty. I've heard that one step ahead can control others, and one step behind will be controlled. I plan to fight against Qin and let you and Huan Chu lead the army. " At that time, Huan Chu was fleeing in the grass. Xiang Liang said: "Huan Chu is on the run. No one else knows where he is. Only Xiang Yu knows." So Xiang Liang went out and told Xiang Yu to wait outside with his sword. Then he came in and sat down with the sheriff Yin Tong and said, "please let me call Xiang Yu in and ask him to call Huan Chu." The sheriff said, "all right!" Xiang Liang called Xiang Yu in. After staying for a while, Xiang Liang winked at Xiang Yu and said, "you can do it!" So Xiang Yu pulled out his sword and cut off the sheriff's head. Xiang Liang holds the head of the sheriff in his hand, and the official seal of the sheriff is on his body. The sheriff's subordinates were in great panic and chaos. Xiang Yu killed more than 100 people in a row. The whole county was so frightened that no one dared to get up. Xiang Liang called together the powerful officials he was familiar with and explained to them the reason for the uprising against Qin, so he launched the army of Wuzhong to fight. Xiang Liang sent people to take over the counties under Wuzhong County, and got 8000 elite soldiers. He also deployed the heroes in the county and sent them to be the captain, marquis and Sima respectively. One of them was not appointed. He came to Xiang Liang to tell him. Xiang Liang said, "some day ago, a family had a funeral. I asked you to do one thing. You didn't succeed, so you can't be appointed." Everyone was very respectful. So Xiang Liang became the prefect of Kuaiji, and Xiang Yu was the deputy general to patrol and occupy the subordinate counties.
Zhao Ping of Guangling attacked Guangling for Chen Sheng, but failed to capture it. At this time, he heard that Chen Sheng was defeated and fled, and Zhang Han's army was about to arrive. He crossed the Yangtze River, passed on Chen Sheng's order, and granted Xiang Liang the official post of Chu Shangzhu state, saying: "the east of the Yangtze River has been pacified, and Ying Huo's army will attack the Qin army to the West!" Xiang Liang then led 8000 people across the Yangtze River to the West. Hearing that Chen Ying had conquered Dongyang, Xiang Liang sent envoys to join hands with Chen Ying to march westward.
Chen Ying said to his officers, "Xiang's family name has been a general for generations and enjoys a high reputation in the state of Chu. We depend on the famous family, and the destruction of the Qin Dynasty is inevitable! " His subordinates listened to him, that is, let the troops go to commander Xiang Liang.
Restoration of Chu state
In 208 B.C. (the second year of Qin II), King Jingju of Chu and general Qin Jia stationed in the east of Pengcheng to resist Xiang Liang. Xiang Liang said to the officers, "Chen Sheng was the first to fight. He was disadvantageous and lost his way. Now Qin Jia betrays Chen Sheng, the king of Chu, and supports Jingju. It's a great treason! " Qin Jia's army was defeated and fled. Xiang Liang led the pursuit to Huling, and Qin Jia returned to fight for a day. When Qin Jia died, his army surrendered. Jingju runs away and dies in Liangdi.
Xiang Liang had already annexed Qin Jia's army and was stationed in Huling. He was going to lead the army westward. When Zhang Han's army arrived at Li, Xiang Liang ordered another general of the United Army, Zhu Jishi and Yu fanjun, to fight Zhang's army. After Yufan Jun died, Zhu Jishi's team was defeated and fled to Huling. Xiang Liang leads his army into Xue and kills Zhu Jishi.
Liu Bang led more than 100 followers to visit Xiang Liang. Xiang Liang allocated 5000 more soldiers to Liu Bang and 10 more officers at the level of five doctors. After Liu Feng captured the city, he went back to attack. Yongchi defected to the state of Wei. Xiang Yu of Xiang Liang sent Xiang Yu to attack Xiangcheng from another way. Xiangcheng held fast and couldn't attack for a while. After the fall, Xiang Yu will bury all the soldiers and civilians alive, and then return Xiang Liang.
Xiang Liang heard that Chen Sheng was indeed dead, so he called all the generals to Xue to discuss the matter, and Liu Bang also attended. Fan Zeng, a 70 year old resident, has always lived at home. He is ready to do wonders. He went to persuade Xiang Liang and said, "Chen Sheng's failure is due. The state of Chu was the least guilty of the six states that perished in Qin Dynasty. And since King Huai came to the state of Qin, he has never returned. People in the state of Chu miss him until today. Therefore, Duke Nan of Chu said, "even if there are only three families left in the state of Chu, it must be the state of Chu that destroyed the state of Qin." Now Chen Sheng is the first to fight against the Qin Dynasty. He does not support the descendants of the king of Chu and becomes the king himself. His power can not last long. Now that you are fighting in Jiangdong, the generals of Chu are rushing to join you. It is precisely because your family has been the generals of Chu for generations that you can support the descendants of the king of Chu again Xiang Liang thought he was right at that time, so he found Mi Xin, the grandson of King Huai of Chu, who was herding sheep for others. In summer, in June, Xiang Liang made him king Huai of Chu to comply with the wishes of the people. Chen Ying was appointed to the Shangzhu state of the state of Chu, granted five counties, and built Xuyi as the capital with King Huai. Xiang Liang was named Wu Xinjun.
Zhang Liang advised Xiang Liang: "you have already supported the descendants of the king of Chu. Among all the young men in Korea, Han Cheng, the king of Hengyang, is the most virtuous. He can be king to build up his party." Xiang Liang sent Zhang Liang to find Han Cheng and made him king of Han. Zhang Liangren, the South Korean situ, led more than 1000 people with the king of South Korea to the west to capture the territory of the past South Korea, and captured several cities, but then the Qin army took them back. In this way, Han Jun would swim back in Yingchuan.
Die in battle
In September 208 B.C. (the second year of Qin II), Xiang Liang defeated Zhang Han's army in dong'a, and then led his troops westward. When he reached Dingtao, he defeated the Qin army again. Xiang Yu and Liu Bang fought against the Qin army in yongqiu, defeated the Qin army and killed Li you, the prefect of Sanchuan. Xiang Liang despised the Qin army even more and showed a proud look. Song Yi exhorted: "after victory, if the general is proud and the soldiers are lazy, he will surely fail. Now the soldiers are a little lazy, but the number of Qin soldiers is increasing day by day. I'm worried for you! " However, Xiang Liang did not listen to the advice and sent Song Yi to the state of Qi. On the way, Song Yi met Gao Ling Junxian, an envoy of the state of Qi, and asked him, "are you going to meet Wu Xinjun?" "Yes," he replied Song Yi said: "I believe that the military will fail. If you go slowly, you will not die. If you go quickly, you will suffer At this time, Qin II mobilized all his troops to reinforce Zhang Han's attack on Chu army, defeated Chu army in Dingtao, and Xiang Liang died.
Historical evaluation
Su Zhe: "as soon as Zhang Han came out, he killed Zhou Zhang, broke Chen she, brought down Wei Qian, killed Tian Dan, and killed soldiers, such as hunting foxes and rabbits. After that, he met Xiang Liang, fought hard again and again, and then broke it. Although Liang died, the sharp edge of Qin was also slightly exhausted. "
Cai Dongfan: "when Liu Xiang started his army, his traces seemed to be the same, but his feelings were different. Peiling followed Xiao He Yan to summon Liu Bang, assuming that he would not repent later, but would not commit suicide. And the murderer was Peizhong's father, not Zhenbang himself. If Xiang Liang's calling is clearly the sincerity of the sheriff, Liang Zheng might as well take revenge for his father. Why ask Xiang Ji to do it for no reason! Kuang Qiu was the emperor of Qin and had nothing to do with the prefecture. Killing him was particularly unknown, so it was appropriate to see his greedy and deceitful ears. From this point of view, Liu Xiang's benevolence and violence, that is to say, Liu Xiang's success or failure, is determined. Liu Bang's concession to Ming Gong and Xiang Liang's autocracy and self-reliance make it a point of view, even if it is small. "
member of family
father
Xiang Yan, a famous general of Chu state. When Qin led his troops to destroy Chu, he was defeated and committed suicide.
brother
Xiang Chao, the father of Xiang Yu, died early;
Xiang Bo, Xiang Liang's younger brother, rescued Liu Bang at Hongmen banquet.
Tomb site
Xiangliang tomb is located 2.5 kilometers northeast of Dingtao County and 100 meters southwest of Liuzhuang in DUI. The existing sealing soil is 2 meters higher than the ground, 130 meters long from north to south, 52 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of more than 10 mu, and the plane is oval. It is a cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. In September 208 B.C., Xiang Liang and the Qin army fought in Dingtao. They were defeated and died. They were buried on the spot.
According to Suqian county annals of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, "the tomb of King liang of Han Dynasty, 70 Li to the north, in Longquan society, asked if there was a grave and got a violent disease, until now people dare not come near."
In Suqian county annals written by Jiaqing of the Qing Dynasty, "at this time, Chu Fangqiang was buried. The ancients valued quality, and most of them called Liang Wang by his name. Also Yan Wang, Ju Wang and so on, suspect this liang tomb also Xiang Yu then returned Ji Fu's pivot to his hometown and buried it in the hill of Maling, so it is called the tomb of King Liang, namely Xiang Liang's tomb.
Film and television image
1998 TV series "Han Liu Bang": baussier plays Liu Bang;
2004 TV drama "Chu Han Jiao Xiong": Jiang Han plays Xiang Liang;
2005 TV drama "the wind and cloud of Chu and Han": Wang Yi as Xiang Liang;
Li Zhi plays Xiang in the 2012 TV series Chu and Han
Chinese PinYin : Xiang Liang
Xiang Liang
