Ni sichong

Ni sichong

Ni sichong (February 6, 1868 - July 12, 1924), formerly known as Yugui (Yufeng), was born in santa village, Fuyang County, Yingzhou Prefecture, Anhui Province. He was born in an official family on February 6, 1868 (January 13, the seventh year of Tongzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty). His great grandfather Hui Zeng and grandfather Jie Zhi were both officials of the Qing Dynasty. His father Ni Shu was a Juren in the late Qing Dynasty. He was employed by Yuan Shikai as a tutor. Later, he was a magistrate of Kaixian County and Changning County in Sichuan Province. In his later years, he was a trusted aide of Yuan Shikai All of them are Madame Yipin, three brothers of Ni sichong, and he is the second.

overview

Ni sichong (1868-1924), born in Fuyang, Anhui Province (now Funan), was a powerful figure among the warlords in Anhui Province.

His father Ni Hong was Yuan Shikai's successor, Yuan Baoqing's shogunate. When Ni sichong studied with his father, he got to know Yuan Shikai. In the 19th year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty (1893), Ni Zhiban was appointed a magistrate of Shandong Province. In December of 1899, Yuan Shikai acted as governor of Shandong. Ni toutie paid a visit to him, and soon he was promoted to magistrate.

In November 1901, Li Hongzhang died and Yuan Gai acted as governor of Zhili and Minister of Beiyang. Yang Si, the new governor of Shandong Province, was indifferent to Ni Zhifu. Ni chose another good plan and went to Tianjin to join yuan family. At that time, Xu Shichang was appointed governor of the three eastern provinces. After Yuan's recommendation, Xu shangzhuni was appointed governor of Heilongjiang Province. Hou Ni was involved in the case of corruption and bribery, and was handed over to the Ministry of criminal justice for conviction. Ni instigated his nephew Ni Daozhen to admit his guilt, bribed Manchu relatives with huge amount of money, and finally got rid of his job.

In 1911, the Wuchang Uprising broke out, and the Qing government was in chaos. Yuan Shikai, who was "recuperating from illness" in his hometown in Henan Province, was forced to appoint him as the Prime Minister of the cabinet. Ni saw that there was an opportunity to take advantage of it, so he went to Yuanmen again and was appointed the right-wing commander of the armed guards. He was also appointed the special commissioner Ni as the assistant of Henan political envoy to run the military affairs. Under the order of Yuan MI, Ni led the army to attack Huaishang army in Northern Anhui, occupied Yingzhou (today's Fuyang City), and slaughtered wantonly.

The Qing emperor abdicated and peace was negotiated between the north and the south. Yuan Shikai usurped the president of the Republic of China and ordered Ni to prepare envoys for the border areas of Henan and Anhui, so as to hold down the Huaishang army.

In June 1913, Yuan Shikai removed Bai Wenwei from his post as governor of Anhui Province. The northern army took advantage of the situation and Ni sichong led his troops to capture Anqing, the provincial capital. On July 27, Yuan Shikai appointed Ni sichong as governor and civil affairs director of Anhui Province. Later, Ni Jun hunted and killed wantonly all over Anhui Province in the name of "pursuing Huaishang army" and "investigating societies and gangs". The people hated him and called him "Ni butcher".

Soon after, Ni was ordered by Yuan Shikai to gather around Bengbu to monitor Zhang Xun in Xuzhou and control Henan. Once something happens in the north, we can immediately rely on the Jinpu railway to quickly reinforce and mobilize. For this reason, Ni built a governor's office and a training ground in Bengbu, forcibly expropriated dozens of mu of civilian land, and sent some men to take charge of it.

On June 30, 2003, Yuan Shikai appointed Ni sichong general Anwu. Ni expanded his headquarters into eight infantry routes, with 40 battalions under his jurisdiction, and changed the name of the right army of Wuwei to Anwu army. As soon as the Dudu mansion built by Ni was completed, it was called the general office, also known as the "general mansion". From then on, Ni sichong dominated Anhui in Bengbu and became a local warlord famous for "Harming Anhui".

During Ni sichong's reign in Anhui Province, he relied on the landlords and gentry to oppress the people cruelly. He collected exorbitant taxes and levies. There were no less than 30 kinds of taxes and levies, and there were countless banknotes and government bonds without funds. He deposited a large amount of money in the Bank of Japan in Tianjin for the Ni family to live a luxurious and decadent life. At that time, Bengbu's commerce and trade flourished, with salt and grain trading as the bulk. Ni saw that the salt industry was profitable, so he changed the Huaihe salt "Yinan", moved the former North Anhui Salt Bureau in Suxian county to Bengbu, and set up Fu'an salt store, which stipulated that the salt originally transported and sold from Banpu in Jiangsu Province was concentrated in Bengbu and monopolized by power. At the same time, Ni moved Fengyang pass (tax pass) to Bengbu to control tax revenue.

At the end of the third year of the Republic of China, Ni sichong sent people to Shanghai to buy back a 48 kW steam generator, which was installed in the "general's Mansion". The next year, he began to generate electricity for lighting in the mansion. Bengbu began to show electric lights.

In the fourth year of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai openly carried out monarchy. In September, Ni Wei expressed his "loyalty" to yuan, and presented a petition in Bengbu in the name of Anhui "citizen", saying: "today's political system is not constitutional monarchy, and it is not enough to stabilize the country and reassure the people." On November 3, he convened 409 Anhui national representatives to hold a meeting at the "general's house" and jointly sent a telegram recommending Yuan Shikai as the emperor of the Chinese Empire. His loyalty won yuan's favor. When he ascended the pole, he rewarded him for his merits and made Ni a first-class Duke. On December 25, Cai E led the national defense army in Yunnan to fight against yuan. Yuan was determined to suppress yuan by force. Ni volunteered to send his younger brother Ni Yuxuan, the garrison envoy of Wanbei Town, to lead 15 battalions of Anwu army into Hunan.

In June of the fifth year of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai died and Li Yuanhong succeeded as president. On July 6, Zhang Xun was appointed governor of Anhui Province, and Ni sichong was appointed governor of Anhui Province. Ni was very unhappy and asked to resign as governor again and again. Soon after, the conflict between Li Yuanhong and Duan Qirui, the prime minister who controlled the real power of the Beijing government, became deeper and deeper, and there was a "dispute between the government (Presidential Palace) and the State Council" (State Council) ". Ni attached himself to Duan. In May of the next year, after Li Yuanhong ordered Duan Qirui to be removed from his post, Ni soon telegraphed Anhui independence and demonstrated to Li. Then, he ordered to cut off the Jinpu railway, and announced the appointment of Ni Yuxuan as commander in chief of the Anwu army's Northern Expedition. He demanded that "the traitors and flatterers should be severely punished, the parliament should be dissolved, the constitutional organs should be set up, and senior Prime Minister Shuo Wang's cabinet should be appointed to remove the imperial suspicion." Unable to do anything, Li Yuanhong agreed to transfer Zhang Xun to Beijing for mediation. Unexpectedly, after entering Beijing, Zhang directed a farce about the restoration of the Qing Empire. Prior to this, Zhang Xun held a meeting of "governor corps" in Xuzhou to plan the restoration. Ni personally participated in the meeting and had a tacit understanding of Zhang's conspiracy. However, Duan Qirui suddenly took an oath against Zhang Xun. Ni Jianfeng turned the helm and took refuge with Duan Qirui, who served as commander in chief of the South Road rebellion. Taking advantage of this political speculation, Ni sichong not only regained the position of governor and governor of Anhui, but also took the opportunity to annex Zhang Xun's Dingwu army and become a powerful leader of the warlords of Anhui. On September 8, the sixth year of the Republic of China, Ni was also a tour envoy of the Yangtze River.

In the seventh year of the Republic of China, Ni sichong was seriously ill. In order to postpone the life span, Ni and his wife make 50 pairs of longevity. Before his birthday, Ni Guangshou's birthday gifts were appalling in their variety, value and variety. In the ninth year of the Republic of China, Ni celebrated his wife Ning's birthday and invited a group of famous Peking Opera actors to sing "hall meeting" for him. His luxury was incomparable. In the 10th year of the Republic of China, Ni bought mintian through his nephew Ni Daoqiang and built "Shengci" for himself. All kinds of actions aroused the indignation of Anhui people.

In July of the ninth year of the Republic of China, the war between Anhui and Zhihua broke out, and the army of Anhui was defeated. Duan Qirui sent a telegram to leave the army, and Ni sichong immediately went to Beidaihe to "recuperate". On September 16, the Beijing government, under the direct control of the Beijing government, removed Ni sichong from the post of Anhui governor and Yangtze River patrol envoy. Ni sichong died in Tianjin on July 12, 2013.

Life experience

juvenile

Ni sichong studied in Sichuan with his father when he was young. He was gifted and intelligent since he was a child. He has a good reputation as a child prodigy in the countryside. At the age of 12, he was able to read four books and five classics, which is called strange. A little longer, because his father Ni Shu elected Kaixian County in Sichuan Province as magistrate, Ni sichong went with his father. In 1893, Ni sichong returned home with his father. He was a scholar in the middle school. He failed in several tests, but he donated money to a branch doctor. Later, he was promoted to the county magistrate of Lingxian County, Shandong Province, and joined the Huai army. He successively served as a recorder, assistant and supervisor. In 1895, he was trained in Yuan Shikai's small station. In the spring of 1900, Ni sichong's stepmother, Mrs. Xu, died. When Ni was about to leave for a funeral, he heard that someone in the county had gathered to set up an altar to teach the skills of invulnerability. Ni sichong was about to arrest the leader and put him in prison. He also wrote a letter to ask for strict investigation to prevent spreading. Yuan Shikai was the governor of Shandong Province. He was surprised to see Ni Shangshu's comments. He invited him to supervise the rehabilitation of the Yihetuan in Dezhou and other nine counties Yuan Shikai was deeply impressed by Ni sichong's bloody massacre of the boxers. He recommended Ni sichong as the magistrate of en county and even donated money to protect the prefecture. When Yuan Shikai served as governor of Zhili in November 1901, Ni Sichong and Yuan Li ruled the Beijing law enforcement battalion office, and later transferred Tianjin to take part in the northern military training. The prime minister successively promoted the three parts of Beiyang business camp, trial and law enforcement, that is, he was promoted to be a prefect. In May 1902, Ni sichong, Duan Qirui, Feng Guozhang and Yuan Dahua suppressed the uprising of Jing Tingbin in Guangzong County of Zhili (known as Guangzong chivalrous swordsman, who was born in the military examination in the late Qing Dynasty). They personally led the troops to catch Jing Tingbin in the rain one day and one night, adding second class clothes to their military achievements. In October 1906, Yuan Shikai and tie Liang were ministers of the parade, while Ni sichong, Feng Guozhang and Wang yingkai were judges.

Ren Dong, governor of the three provinces

In April 1907, Xu Shichang was appointed governor of the three eastern provinces. Yuan Shikai recommended Ni sichong to Xu Shichang. Xu recommended Ni sichong as a member of the Taoist class and director of the civil affairs of the three eastern provinces. Xu Shichang also appointed Fengtian Tifa envoy. Soon he was promoted to the post of Heilongjiang minister and Wing Chief of the patrol and defense army, in charge of military administration, reclamation and salt affairs. At that time, the "beard" of the three eastern provinces was rising. After Ni sichong took office, he wantonly arrested and suppressed people, killed people and seized property. In January 1909, Regent zaifeng ordered Yuan Shikai to return to his native place with "foot disease". In February, Xiliang was transferred to the governor of the three eastern provinces. Ni sichong was impeached for corruption. The Qing government handed him over to the Ministry of punishment for questioning. Ni sichong bribed the Qing aristocrats with a large amount of money, but he was not convicted

Chinese PinYin : Ni Si Chong