Zhu gaochi

Zhu gaochi

Zhu gaochi (August 16, 1378 - May 29, 1425) was the eldest son of Zhu Di, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, and his mother was empress Xu of Ren Xiaowen. The fourth emperor of Ming Dynasty was named Hongxi (1425).

In 1378, Zhu gaochi was born in Fengyang Prefecture. Hongwu 28 years (1395) as the son of the king of Yan. During the period of Jingnan, Zhu Di took charge of Beiping mansion with his son Zhu gaochi. Zhu gaochi was good at caressing the soldiers. He only resisted the siege of Li Jinglong with ten thousand people. Yongle two years (1404), as the crown prince. Zhu Di, Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty, made several expeditions to the north. Zhu gaochi supervised the country as a crown prince, and there was no abolition in the dynasty. His younger brothers Zhu gaoxu and Zhu gaosui were in favor of Zhu Di, colluding with the official Temple and conspiring to seize the heirs. Later, because of the close relationship between Hu Bi and his servant, Cheng Zu changed his intention to replace the crown prince. Yongle 22 years (1424) August ascended the throne. During his reign, he was enlightened in politics, developed production, and rested with the people. He pardoned many old ministers of emperor Jianwen, vindicated many unjust prisons and abolished many tyranny. On the military side, he repaired his military equipment and stopped the large-scale use of troops in Yongle period. The common people in the world got a rest, laying a foundation for the "benevolent rule".

In the first year of Hongxi (1425), Zhu gaochi was seriously ill and died at the age of 48. The temple name is Renzong, and the posthumous title is jingtiandao Chuncheng Zhide Hongwen qinwuzhang Shengda Xiaozhao emperor. He was buried in the sacrificial Mausoleum of the Ming Tombs and passed on to his eldest son Zhu Zhanji.

Life of the characters

Prince of Yan

Zhu gaochi was born on August 16, 1378. He was the eldest son of Zhu Di, Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty. His mother was empress Xu of Ren Xiaowen. At that time, his father was king Yan. He was only 18 years old. It is said that empress Ren Xiaowen dreamed that there was a person with a crown and a GUI. Zhu gaochi's nature is quiet, and he likes reading. In his childhood, he received formal education in martial arts and Confucianism.

Hongwu 28 years (1395) for the son. Once, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Zhu gaochi and the sons of the kings of Qin, Jin and Zhou to inspect the army at dawn. Only Zhu gaochi returned to the army late. Emperor Zhu asked him why. He explained that it was too cold in the morning, and the inspection should wait until the soldiers had breakfast. Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty ordered Zhu gaochi to read the chapters separately, and Zhu gaochi only took the memorials which were very related to military and civil affairs. There is a phenomenon of writing fallacy, but there is no ancestor of Ming Dynasty. Zhu gaochi thought that the emperor should not be bothered by small mistakes. Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty once asked him: when floods and droughts broke out in Tang Yao and Shang Tang, how could the people survive. Zhu gaochi believed that the common people survived the disaster because the sage monarch had a good policy of supporting the people. Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty was very happy for Zhu gaochi's knowledge, and commented that he had "the knowledge of king and man".

However, because Zhu gaochi likes to be quiet and tired of moving, he is fat and can't move easily. He always needs two assistants to help him move, and he always stumbles. Therefore, for Zhu Di, the emperor of Ming Dynasty, who was addicted to martial arts all his life, he doesn't like his son. Although he learned archery to a certain extent, generally speaking, he seldom showed his aptitude for martial arts. On the contrary, to the delight of his teachers, he was more absorbed in scriptures and Literature - in fact, this may be the main reason for his weak constitution and poor health.

Jingnan Jiangong

When the news of song Zhong's defeat spread to the capital, Emperor Jianwen called on the old Geng Bingwen, with Li Jian as the left deputy general and Ning Zhong as the right deputy general. After hearing that the northern expedition had been defeated, Emperor Jianwen replaced Geng Bingwen with Li Jinglong and led 500000 troops to the north. In order to avoid fighting on two fronts, Zhu Di first rescued Yongping and defeated Wu Gao from Shanhaiguan. Then he sent troops to Daning and ordered Zhu gaochi to stay in Peiping. Although Zhuozhou and Xiongxian were conquered by Zhu Di, the Yan army did not focus on the defense. Therefore, Li Jinglong arrived in Peiping without any difficulty. At this time, Zhu gaochi's hands were full of old, weak, sick and disabled soldiers. Li Jinglong set up camp outside the city, surrounded the city of Beiping, and concentrated his forces to attack the nine gates of Beiping. Before Li Jinglong besieged the city of Peiping, Zhu gaochi actively prepared for it. He supervised the defense affairs day and night and paid attention to pacifying the army and the people in the city. Therefore, everyone was happy in the city. Zhu gaochi was not only a courteous and virtuous corporal, but also actively consulted the literati who were experienced in the army and had talent. He discussed the preparation with them and treated them sincerely. Everyone in Beiping City devoted themselves to it. Besides, Zhu gaochi set an example by getting up every four drums and resting every two drums. He thought that his son, Zhu gaochi, was too tired. Zhu gaochi thought that if your father risked hardships and risks, he could be a son of man at this time. Besides, Peiping was the fundamental place of the Yan army, which the southern army must seize. How could he not be well prepared. And if there is a great event to be carried out, it must be reported to the Xu family, Princess of Yan. Zhu gaochi was calm when he was in trouble. He didn't easily mess with himself. With the help of Xu, everyone in Peiping was full of fighting spirit.

Li Jinglong found that the resistance in Beiping was so tenacious that it was hard to break down for a moment. He had no choice but to besiege Beiping. On the contrary, Zhu gaochi, who was in a weak position, sent people to open the door to attack the enemy camp several nights. The Southern Army committed suicide in a famine. Li Jinglong and other soldiers could not attack the besieged city for a long time. At night, they were often harassed by the Yan Army, so they had to retreat for more than ten miles. Soon after, Zhu Di, who had gone far away to Daning, led the troops who had come back to attack Li Jinglong's troops stationed outside the city. Zhu gaochi also took advantage of the opportunity to go out of the city and form a situation of internal and external attack with his father. Li Jinglong "lost in embarrassment and scattered.". Zhu gaochi successfully blocked the 500000 troops of Li Jinglong, the general of Jianwen emperor, with an army of 10000 people, and kept the city of Peiping. This battle is of great significance to the whole Jingnan, and it is also the most dazzling stroke of Zhu gaochi in the Jingnan.

Because Zhu Di was a trained commanding general, he preferred his two younger and better sons, Zhu gaoxu and Zhu gaosui, and often took them to battle. Huang Yan, the eunuch of Zhu Di, who was bribed by Zhu gaoxu, slandered Zhu gaochi before and after the battle of defending the city of Peiping, saying that Zhu gaochi was close to the imperial court and "would defend Beiping for the imperial court to refuse his father.", And said to Zhu gaoxu: "brother Er Suxiao, that should have this?" At that time, Zhu gaoxu fell into the well and said, "brother is sincere and filial, but in Taizu's time, he was good with his grandson." Zhu Di's latent suspicion of Zhu gaochi attracted the attention of Fang Xiaoru in the imperial court, so he wrote a letter to Zhu gaochi and sent someone to Peiping to make him king of Yan and strive for Zhu gaochi's obedience to the imperial court. He tried to use the anti estrangement to alienate the relationship between Zhu gaochi and his son, and deliberately publicized it. The eunuch who stayed in Beiping immediately informed Zhu Di, the king of Yan, who went south to Hebei and Shandong, that Zhu gaochi had conspired with emperor Jianwen, and that emperor Jianwen's envoys had arrived in Beiping. When Zhu Di was suspicious, Zhu gaochi sent people to bind the unopened letters and envoys to Zhu Di's army, and took practical actions to dispel Zhu Di's doubts. After Zhu Di ascended the throne, he took Peking as Beijing and was still called Zhu gaochi.

In his early years, Zhu gaochi devoted most of his time to the study of Confucianism and accepted the guidance of scholars selected by his father. Among them were Yang Shiqi, Yang Rong, Yang Pu and Huang Huai. They all cultivated friendship with him and held important administrative positions after he ascended the throne.

Disputes over the establishment of a reserve

In the second year of Yongle (1404), Zhu Di discussed the issue of establishing a crown prince in the imperial court. At that time, a group of generals in the imperial court who followed Zhu Di in the war were full of political speculation. Seeing that Zhu gaoxu made great achievements in the battle of Jingnan, Zhu Di loved him very much. If he was made the crown prince, the military nobility group might make more profits. As a result, the generals headed by Qiu Fu, Duke of Qi, and Wang Ning, Prince of Yongchun, the son-in-law of Qi, wrote one after another, demanding that the second prince Zhu gaoxu be made Prince. Surrounded by these generals, Zhu Di wavered in his determination to make Zhu gaochi prince. At this time, Jin Zhong, the Minister of the Ministry of war, opposed making Zhu gaoxu the crown prince, and "counted the ancient police officers" in front of Zhu Di, persuading Zhu Di to make Zhu gaochi better. Ming Chengzu also sought the opinions of three courtiers, Xie Jin, Huang Huai and Yin Changlong, who all supported Jin Zhong's view. Huang Huai and Yin Changlong both advocated the idea of "establishing the emperor's right to the chief". When Zhu Di asked Xie Jin for advice, Xie Jin said, "the emperor's eldest son is benevolent and filial, and the world will return to his heart." Later, he emphasized "good grandson!" To impress Zhu Di, who loves his grandson Zhu Zhanji. In February, Zhu Di sent Zhang Xin, Marquis of Longping, and Wang Ning, Marquis of Yongchun, his son-in-law, to call Zhu gaochi, Zhu gaoxu, and Zhu gaosui brothers to Nanjing. "He appointed Gao Chi, the son-in-law, as the crown prince; Gao Xu, the second son-in-law, as the king of Han; and Gao Sui, the third son-in-law, as the king of Zhao. And awarded Zhu gaochi gold book, Jinbao.

Although Zhu gaochi was officially established as the crown prince, Zhu gaoxu and Zhu gaosui were not reconciled to their failure. They still sought opportunities to seize the crown prince position with the political forces around them. Zhu Di noticed Zhu gaoxu's emotion and set up his Han Dynasty king in Yunnan. For this reason, Zhu gaoxu was very dissatisfied and said publicly many times, "what's my crime and denounce me for thousands of miles?" Zhu gaoxu compared himself with Li Shimin and asked Tiance guard to be his guard. He also called him "general Tiance of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty. How can I get it by chance?" "I'm brave. I'm not like the king of Qin." Although these arrogant remarks aroused the antipathy of Zhu Di, the founder of Ming Dynasty, they didn't make a deep study out of his doting. At the same time, Zhu gaosui, the king of Zhao, also did many illegal things. Fortunately, the prince Zhu gaochi was able to escape in front of Zhu Di.

Although the crown prince was established at that time, Zhu gaochi's performance did not satisfy Zhu Di. At this time, Zhu gaoxu was even more favored by longchong, and the rank of rites exceeded the standard of legitimate relatives. Jiejin Shangshu dissuaded Zhu Di and said, "it's impossible to start a fight." Zhu Di immediately angry, said that Jiejin is in the alienation of flesh and blood, to Jiejin very opinion.

Chinese PinYin : Zhu Gao Chi