Cheng Zihua

Cheng Zihua

Cheng Zihua (1905-1991), a native of Jiezhou Town, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, is an outstanding member of the Communist Party of China, a long tested and loyal communist fighter, a proletarian revolutionist, an outstanding commander and political worker of our army, and an outstanding leader of China's economic front. He took part in the revolution in 1925. In nearly 70 years of revolutionary career, he went through all kinds of difficulties and dangers. He always stood in the forefront of the struggle with the indomitable and indomitable proletarian revolutionary spirit and made immortal contributions to the cause of Chinese people's Liberation and socialist construction. From July 1950 to July 1954, Comrade Cheng Zihua served as president of all China Federation of cooperatives cadre school (now one of the earliest predecessors of Beijing University of technology and industry).

Proletarian revolutionist and former vice chairman of the CPPCC National Committee.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Comrade Cheng Zihua was born in 1905 in a poor family in Jiezhou Town, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. He was determined to serve his country in his youth. In 1922, he was admitted to Taiyuan National Normal University. He took part in the patriotic movement against warlord rule for many times. In the struggle, he accepted the Communist thought and joined the Communist Party of China in June 1926. At that time, the domestic revolutionary situation was surging, and he was determined to join the army.

Take part in the revolution

In December 1926, he was sent by the party organization and was admitted to Wuhan Branch of Huangpu Military Academy. From then on, he embarked on the military career of fighting for the cause of Chinese people's liberation. After Chiang Kai Shek's rebellion and revolution in 1927, Comrade Cheng Zihua took an active part in the battle against Xia Douyin. After several twists and turns, he came to Guangzhou and took part in the Guangzhou Uprising in December 1927. After the rebels left Guangzhou, he took part in the struggle to defend the Soviet regime of hailufeng. After 1929, he went to Yue Weijun Department of the Kuomintang army to do military work, successfully launched the Daye military riot, and strengthened the power of the revolutionary base in Southeast Hubei. In April 1931, he worked in the Central Soviet area. He successively served as the head of 307 regiment of the red 35 army, the division commander of the third independent division, the division commander of the 40th division of the red 5 army, the division commander and political commissar of the 41st division, the division commander of the 14th division, the division commander of the 22nd division, and the acting chief of staff of the Guangdong Jiangxi military region. He participated in the second to fifth anti encirclement and suppression struggles. In the struggle against encirclement and suppression, he used Comrade Mao Zedong's strategy and tactics to mobilize the masses in depth, lure the enemy in depth, and eliminate the enemy's effective forces, showing his outstanding military command ability. In January 1934, he was awarded the second Red Star Medal at the second Chinese Soviet Congress. In June 1934, the Central Committee decided to send Comrade Cheng Zihua to work in the revolutionary base areas of Hubei, Henan and Anhui. Before his departure, Comrade Zhou Enlai talked in person, analyzed the situation and deployed the tasks. After arriving in Hubei, Henan and Anhui, he served as the commander of the red 25 army. In November 1934, he, together with other leading comrades of the CPC Hubei, Henan and Anhui Provincial Committee and the red 25 army, led the red 25 army to carry out the strategic transfer and began the long march. After losing contact with the central government, he defeated the enemy's encirclement, pursuit and interception, and arrived in southern Shaanxi in early 1935, opening up the Hubei Henan Shaanxi revolutionary base. Later, he served as Deputy Secretary of the Hubei Henan Shaanxi provincial Party committee and political commissar of the red 25 army. In July 1935, the 25th Red Army left Gansu in the west to clamp down the enemy forces and effectively cooperated with the Central Red Army's northward March. In September 1935, the 25th red army arrived in Northern Shaanxi and joined up with the Red Army of Northern Shaanxi led by Comrade Liu Zhidan to form the 15th Red Army. Cheng Zihua was the political commissar of the 15th Red Army. He took part in commanding the battle of Laoshan and the battle of Yulin bridge, consolidating and expanding the revolutionary base in Northern Shaanxi. After the central red army arrived in Northern Shaanxi, the 15th Red Army, under the leadership of the Central Committee, cooperated with the 1st Red Army to attack the enemy from north to south, and won the great victory of Zhiluo town. After the Wayaobao meeting, in order to open up the Anti Japanese line, consolidate and expand the Soviet Area and the Red Army, according to the central deployment, the red army began its eastward expedition in February 1936. Together with Comrade Xu Haidong, he led the 15th Red Army to participate in the eastern expedition. In order to meet the second and fourth front forces and realize the convergence of the three main forces of the Red Army, the central government decided to march westward to Gansu and Ningxia. In May 1936, the 15th Red Army and the 1st red army went west in two ways. During the March, Ma Hongkui's reactionary forces were severely damaged. At the same time, he paid attention to the national policy and mobilized the Hui people to organize Anti Japanese forces. After the three main forces of the red army joined forces, they won the historic battle of Castle Hill.

Anti Japanese front line

After the Xi'an Incident, in order to establish and expand the Anti Japanese United Front, the CPC Central Committee sent Comrade Cheng Zihua to work for the general mobilization committee of the national revolutionary war in the second world war zone as secretary of the party and League, Minister of the people's armed forces, and member of the North Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He actively mobilized the masses, expanded the Anti Japanese armed forces, and waged a reasonable and beneficial struggle against Yan Xishan's anti communist policy. In January 1939, he went deep behind the enemy lines to work in the Jizhong military region, served as political commissar of the Jizhong military region, and later served as secretary of the Party committee of the Jizhong military region. Under extremely difficult circumstances, he and Comrade LV Zhengcao led the rectification work of the army; mobilized the masses, organized the masses, armed the masses, persisted in the plain guerrilla war, led the army and the people in central Hebei to smash the Japanese "May 1" campaign, and consolidated the Anti Japanese base area in central Hebei. He summed up the experience of building base areas and conducting guerrilla warfare in plain areas, compiled "militia struggle in the central Hebei Plain" and advocated tunnel warfare. In August 1943, he served as Deputy Secretary of the central sub Bureau of Shanxi Chahar Hebei and deputy political commissar of the military region. Later, he was acting secretary of the sub Bureau, acting commander and political commissar of the military region. He led the smashing of the three-month sweeping of Shanxi Chahar Hebei by Japanese aggressors, persisted in and expanded the armed struggle behind the enemy, broke through the enemy's economic blockade, promoted the economic development of the border region, and consolidated and expanded the Anti Japanese base area of Shanxi Chahar Hebei.

War of Liberation

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, Chiang Kai Shek launched a civil war. In October 1945, Comrade Cheng Zihua served as a member of the Northeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Secretary of the central branch of jichareliao, commander and political commissar of the military region. According to the strategic plan of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for the liberation of the whole country, he led the establishment of the Jicha Reliao base. During the autumn, winter and summer offensive of 1947-1948, he wiped out a large number of effective forces of the enemy forces in North China, commanded the Longhua campaign, liberated the whole province of Rehe, and cut off the contact between the enemy forces in North China and Northeast China according to the order of the Central Military Commission and in cooperation with the Yang, Luo and Geng regiments. In September 1948, he took part in the Liaoshen campaign, organized and commanded the famous Tashan blocking battle, successfully blocked the enemy's troops from Huludao and Jinxi to reinforce Jinzhou, and played an important role in our army's winning the Jinzhou campaign and ensuring the formation of a closed door situation against the Northeast enemy. In October 1948, he was appointed commander of the Second Corps of the Northeast military region. At the beginning of November, he was ordered to enter the pass in advance, and together with his brother troops, he severely damaged the main force of the enemy and formed a situation of encircling Peiping. After the liberation of Peiping, he served as the commander and political commissar of the Beiping police. On April 21, 1949, Chairman Mao Zedong and commander in chief Zhu De issued the order of "March to the whole country". Comrade Cheng Zihua served as commander of the 13th corps of the fourth field army, led his troops to the south, and successively liberated Anyang, Xinxiang, Xiangfan, Shashi, Yichang and other places. After successfully crossing the river, he took part in the battle of Hengbao and liberated the whole territory of Hunan with his brother troops.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China

At the end of 1949, the CPC Central Committee appointed Comrade Cheng Zihua as secretary of Shanxi provincial Party committee, chairman of Shanxi provincial government, commander and political commissar of Shanxi provincial military region. He ended his 22 year military career and devoted himself to the construction of new China. During his work in Shanxi, Comrade Cheng Zihua focused on the construction of the people's political power and economic construction, and applied the experience of the army's cooperative operations and ideological and political work to the work of various departments. After October 1950, he was transferred to the post of deputy director, director and Secretary of the Party group of the all China Federation of cooperatives. He led the establishment of the national supply and marketing cooperative system, proposed and approved by the central government to promote three forms of socialist transformation of rival industries and three forms of socialist transformation of rural private commerce, and completed the socialist transformation of rival industries and rural private commerce Make. In 1956, he was deputy director of the finance and Trade Office of the State Council. In 1958, he was Minister of Commerce and Secretary of the Party group, and President of all China Federation of cooperatives cadre school (one of the earliest predecessors of Beijing Business University) (1950.7-1954.7). In 1960, he was deputy director of the State Construction Commission and Deputy Secretary of the Party group. In 1961, he served as executive deputy director and Deputy Secretary of the Party group of the State Planning Commission. During the working period of the State Planning Commission, when the national economy was in a difficult period, he conscientiously implemented the eight character policy of the Central Committee on "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement", effectively shortened the front line of capital construction, and promoted the recovery and development of industrial and agricultural production. After 1964, he served as secretary of the Southwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and executive deputy director of the southwest third line construction committee. According to Comrade Mao Zedong's instruction of "construction should be fast, but not sloppy", he went deep into practice, investigated and studied, unified planning, comprehensively balanced, highlighted key points, carefully organized and mobilized all departments to work together. Under extremely difficult circumstances, he worked hard to build a number of factories, mines and military enterprises focusing on Panzhihua Iron and steel base. During the cultural revolution, Comrade Cheng Zihua was wrongly detained for a long time because he was persecuted by Lin Biao and the gang of four, and suffered serious physical and mental damage. During his detention, he stood firm and unswervingly, fighting tenaciously with Lin Biao and the gang of four. In prison, he studied Mao Zedong's "theory of practice" and "theory of contradiction" with strong perseverance. Under the circumstances of severe disability of both hands, difficulty in taking care of himself and lack of any information, he wrote a ten thousand words "summary of the situation of the construction of the third line in Southwest China". This is a precious historical material, which Comrade Zhou Enlai once provided

Chinese PinYin : Cheng Zi Hua