Zhong Lihe

Zhong Lihe

Zhong Lihe

(December 15, 1915 - August 4, 1960), pseudonym Jiangliu and Lihe, No. Zhong Zheng and Zhong Jian, native place: Meixian County, Guangdong Province, born in Pingtung County, Taiwan. Taiwan writer and novelist. He is one of the outstanding founders of Taiwan's local literature and plays an important role in the history of Taiwan's modern literature.

In 1945, he published his first novel anthology oleander in Beijing. In early 1946, he returned to Taiwan and wrote novels such as Lishan farm, rain, native villagers, poor couple and so on.

On August 4, 1960, when Zhong Lihe was revising the novel rain, he died of pulmonary disease recurrence and hemoptysis at the age of 46. Later generations called Zhong Lihe "a pen Plougher who fell into a pool of blood".

(general drawing reference)

Life of the characters

On December 15, 1915, Zhong Lihe was born in xindaluguan (now Guangxing village, gaoshu Township, Pingtung County) in gaoshuzhuang, Pingtung County, Taiwan. When he was born, Zhong Lihe was so fat that his family nicknamed him "doggie" or "Acheng" because he was a dog. In his childhood, he was loved by his father. Because of his dull and honest character, he was called "a God", which means honest and honest. Until the death of Zhong Lihe, people nearby still called him ashengo or ashengbo. In 1922, at the age of 7, Zhong Lihe entered Yanpu public school to study Japanese (at that time, Taiwan was a Japanese colony, and schools at all levels were only allowed to read Japanese and Japanese). With his half brother Zhong Heming (Haodong), his cousin Zhong Jiuhe and his cousin Qiu Lianqiu of the same age, they walk to school every day, and it takes eight kilometers one way. in 1928, Zhong Lihe graduated from Yanpu public school, but failed to apply for Kaohsiung middle school because he failed to pass the physical examination. Then he went to Changzhi University and continued to study Zhong Lihe, who was keen on browsing ancient Chinese novels. In 1930, 15-year-old Zhong Lihe graduated from Changzhi public school and then went to the village to study Chinese. He was deeply influenced by his teacher Guangda's ancient literature. He wrote historical stories of Taiwan and textual research on Zhu Yigui's deeds. He began to read Chinese ancient and new style novels extensively. At that time, he wrote the short essay "Enlightenment from a beggar" and the unfinished chapter style popular vernacular novel "flowers on a rainy night". The finished manuscript is said to be thick with pillows, but there is no proof of the original manuscript. In 1932, at the age of 18, Zhong Lihe finished his private school. At that time, Zhong's family just bought the mountain forest in the Jianshan area of Meinong, known as the third company. As a result, Zhong Lihe traveled between his former residence daluguan, Pingtung business and Meinong. On the one hand, he helped his father and brother deal with the business of Lishan farm, Pingtung Buzhuang and Shanmu business, on the other hand, he read and painted. During the period, he once asked to study painting in Japan, but he was rejected by his father and brother and failed. Soon, she fell in love with Zhong Pingmei, a female worker of the same surname. However, because the local custom does not allow "marriage with the same surname", it is strongly opposed by the family and society. In December 1936, he and his cousin joined the "Dawu Mountain climbing team" organized by Pingtung county education class, and later wrote the article "the story of climbing Dawu Mountain". On January 29th, 1937, Zhong Lihe wrote the article "barber's love" (later renamed "barber's story"), which was not published at that time. This is the earliest original work of Zhong Lihe. In June 1938, Zhong Lihe crossed the sea to Shenyang via Japan and entered "Manchuria automatic car school". Write friendship, unfinished. In the meantime, Zhong Lihe returned to Taiwan twice to persuade his father and brother to invest in the brick and tile building materials industry in the northeast of the mainland, but he was rejected by his brother. in 1939, on the 14th day of the first lunar month, it was written as dusk in the city, which was not published. On August 21, 1954, it was rewritten as the short story willow shade, which was published in the supplement of Lianhe daily in 1959. in the autumn of 1940, Zhong Lihe passed the examination and got a driving license. He worked for "Mukden Transportation Co., Ltd." and drove a bus. In July, he returned to Taiwan for the third time. On August 3, he and Zhong Pingmei left Kaohsiung and went to Japan via Keelung. Then take a boat from Xiaguan to Busan and arrive in Shenyang on August 10. When he first arrived in Shenyang, he temporarily lived in a good family in the state of Lin, and soon rented a house. But soon because of the icy road slide, continuous accidents, and was revoked driving license, resulting in unemployment. Zhong Li and his wife's life is in a dilemma. The unfinished "Taidong Hotel" in this period is the work written by this life experience. on January 15, 1941, the eldest son Tiemin was born. But they were so poor that they couldn't even afford the necessary milk. Fortunately, with the help of the neighbors in the same hospital, the baby was able to survive. At this time, he contacted his cousin Qiu Lianqi, who was working in the Shanhaiguan Pass, and he was able to get out of trouble by his help and arrangement. In the summer of the same year, his family moved to Beiping (Beijing) to apply for an interpreter from the North China Economic Survey Institute. Three months later, he resigned. In 1943, he began to translate Japanese novels, essays and other contributions; in August, he wrote a short story "gossamer"; in June, his little grandmother died of illness; on August 31, his father died of illness. In the early years of the Republic of China (1944), through the experience in Fengtian, he wrote "the mould of the earth", but it was not completed; in March, he wrote the short story "new life"; on May 23, he finished the novella "Bo mang"; on July 7, he wrote the novella "oleander"; on December 23, he wrote "life and death", and on September 15, 1946, he published his pen name "Jiang Liu" in "Taiwan culture" Volume I, issue II. In April 1945, Zhong Lihe's first collection of novels, oleander, was published in Ma dezeng bookstore in Beiping under the pseudonym of "Jiangliu". It was Zhong Lihe's only book published by himself before his death, including two novellas "oleander", "Bo mang" and two short stories "Xinsheng" and "Yousi". In July, it was written as "die", and the following year, it was published in the Journal of politics under the pseudonym of "Jiangliu" On September 9, he participated in the "Taiwan Provincial Association of fellow villagers in Lvping" and wrote an article entitled "redressing the grievances of Taiwan Youth"; on September 13, he wrote "redressing the grievances of overseas compatriots" and stopped writing because he was disappointed with the youth. In October, he wrote a diary novel "gate" (the original title "despair"), while the handwritten "offering rice" was not completed. On October 26, he finished autumn and February 28, The manuscript was lost and rewritten by memory in 1949. In 1960, it was published as a posthumous work in the tenth issue of the eighth volume of morning light magazine. In addition, there are diaries from September 9 to December 26, which detail what Beiping saw and heard after the war. Also completed in this year is the short story the fourth day. In 1946, after Japan declared its defeat and surrender, the Taiwanese living in Peiping not only had complicated internal changes, but also fell into an uneasy situation in Peiping. After the war, there was no place for them in Peiping. In January, he wrote two essays on the sadness of sweet potato and the return of the motherland, which can be said to be Zhong Lihe's Reflections on his residence in Beijing. "The sorrow of sweet potato" was later published in Taiwan magazine under the pseudonym "Jiangliu"; from January 1 to 16, there were diary records; on March 29, Zhong Lihe led his family to take a boat from Tianjin and Shanghai to Keelung. On April 14, he arrived in Kaohsiung and temporarily lived in Dili Zhijia. Soon, he was employed by Zhong Bihe, the principal of Neipu junior high school in Pingtung, as a substitute Chinese teacher. His family moved to Neipu and lived in the dormitory of the school, where they began to write and teach. In July, the second son Limin came to the world. During the period, he wrote down the article "principal" which described the working conditions at that time, but it was not published; there was another unfinished "on the coastline"; in August, he fell ill due to tuberculosis. In January 1947, Zhong Lihe's lung disease became worse and worse, and he also had hematemesis at the end of the month. He went north to Taipei in February and was admitted to NTU Hospital for treatment. During that time, he experienced the famous February 28 Incident in Taiwan, which was recorded in his diary. After that, Zhong Lihe went home before he was cured. On March 30, he resigned his teaching position in Neipu junior high school, and his family returned to meinongli mountain to settle down, because they still had several old houses and a piece of land there. He went north to Keelung in August and lived in Lizhi's home. On October 27, he went to Songshan sanatorium to treat lung disease and receive long-term treatment. in 1948, due to the invasion of tuberculosis into the stomach, the digestive function was completely lost, and the patient's condition became critical. At that time, antibiotics were introduced into Taiwan to suppress the disease. But in the early stage of antibiotic injection, the side effects were strong, even to deafness. in 1949, he received thoracic plastic surgery; in early June, he had a second operation and removed six ribs; on July 2, he created a free and easy "crucian carp gecko" in sanatorium; he was discharged from hospital on October 21 and arrived at home on October 23. (1950), a diary recording the hospital life from March 28 to April 27, was written as "before the operating table" (according to researcher Zhang Liangze, the original title of the article was "before climbing on the operating table", and the first two words were deleted. There are two original manuscripts, one from March 28 to April 27, and the other from April 16 to May 11. In addition, apart from "on the grass slope", Peng Ruijin believes that the serial work of "Hometown" which describes what he saw, heard and felt when he returned to his hometown is also a draft completed in front of the hospital bed. His eldest daughter Tie Ying was born in July 1951. In March 1952, he was admitted to the town office. He went out early and came back late. He was exhausted and resigned a few months later

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Li He