Cao Jinghua

Cao Jinghua

Cao Jinghua (August 11, 1897 to September 8, 1987), formerly known as Cao Lianya, was born in Lushi County, Henan Province. He is a translator, essayist and educator of modern Chinese literature and a professor of Peking University. In 1919, when studying in Kaifeng provincial No.2 Middle School, he devoted himself to the May 4th movement. In 1920, he studied Russian in Shanghai foreign language society, joined the Socialist Youth League, and was sent to Moscow Oriental University to study. In 1924, he joined the literature research association. In April 1927, he went back to the Soviet Union, and returned to China in 1933. He taught in the University and engaged in literary translation. From 1959 to 1964, he was chief editor of world literature. In 1987, he received an honorary doctorate from Leningrad University of the Soviet Union. In August of the same year, he was awarded the medal of friendship by the presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.

Personal profile

Cao Jinghua, formerly known as Cao Lianya. Chinese writer, born in Henan village, Wulichuan Town, Lushi County, Henan Province on August 11, 1897, died in Beijing on September 8, 1987. In his childhood, he studied with his father Cao Peiyuan in his hometown and initially came into contact with the anti Qing innovation thought. Before and after the May 4th movement, he studied in Kaifeng No.2 Middle School of Henan Province. In 1920, as a representative of Henan Province, he went to Shanghai to attend the first Congress of the National Student Union. In 1924, he was sent to Moscow by the Chinese Socialist Youth League to study in Oriental University. The next year, he returned to China to join the Weiming Club hosted by Lu Xun. From 1926 to 1927, he took part in the first Civil Revolutionary War. After the failure of the revolution, he went to the Soviet Union and taught in Moscow Sun Yat sen University and Leningrad Oriental Language School. In the autumn of 1933, he returned to China and taught in the women's College of Arts and Sciences of Peking University, Northeastern University and China University. In 1939, he went to Chongqing, served as the executive director of the Sino Soviet cultural association, and edited the Soviet literature series. In 1948, he was employed to teach at Tsinghua University in Peking. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1956. He once served as member of the China Federation of literary and art circles, secretary and consultant of the Secretariat of the Chinese Writers Association, honorary president of the Chinese Soviet Literature Research Association, consultant of the Chinese Translators Association, etc. From 1959 to 1964, he was chief editor of world literature. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, he has successively served as a member of the fifth and sixth CPPCC National Committee, member of the China Federation of literary and art circles, member of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, consultant of the Chinese Writers Association, consultant of Lu Xun Museum, honorary director of the Chinese Translators Association, consultant of the Chinese Foreign Literature Association, honorary president of the Chinese Soviet Union Literature Research Association, etc. In 1987, he received an honorary doctorate from Leningrad University of the Soviet Union. In August of the same year, he was awarded the medal of friendship by the presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.

Life experience

Middle school

He took part in the patriotic student movement in middle school and went to Moscow Oriental University in 1924. The next year, he returned home to join the Weiming club organized by Lu Xun. After that, he kept a deep friendship with Lu Xun.

Since the early 1930s

Under the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang, Cao Jinghua used to change his name to Yadan, Ruzhen and Zheng Ruzhen. He communicated with Lu Xun, introduced the revolutionary literature of the Soviet Union, and collected excellent prints and revolutionary books and periodicals of the Soviet Union on behalf of Lu Xun.

Since 1923

When he began to translate Russian progressive works and Soviet revolutionary works, Lu Xun highly praised his hard work spirit of "silent and continuous translation" (see preface to Cao Jinghua's translation of the collection of seven Soviet writers). His translation of Chekhov's one act play "fool" was once introduced by Qu Qiubai to the magazine "New Youth"; his translation of Chekhov's other play "three sisters" was published as "Literary Research Association Series" by Qu's introduction. His important translation is tieliu by suilafimovich, which was published by Sanxian book house in 1931 with Lu Xun's investment. It had a great influence on the cadres who participated in the long march of the workers' and peasants' Red Army. In addition, he translated the collection of seven Soviet writers.

During the Anti Japanese War

He edited the Soviet Literature Series in Chongqing Sino Soviet cultural association, and translated them into kadyev's I am the son of the working people, vasilevska's rainbow, Simonov's looking through the autumn water (script), Leonov's invasion (script), A. Tolstoy's defending zarizin, Klimov's oil tanker "debint", and ferding's City and year. Cao Jinghua's prose creation is good at observing the object's feelings, reflecting the past and the present. His writing style is simple and simple, and has a profound connotation. He has his own artistic style. Works income "flower", "Spring City flying flower", "flying flower collection".

He returned to China in the autumn of 1933 and participated in the 129th movement. During the Anti Japanese War, he edited Soviet Literature Series in Chongqing.

After 1949, he served as professor and department director of Peking University, honorary president of Chinese Soviet Literature Research Association, director of China Soviet Friendship Association, deputy editor and editor in chief of world literature. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he was the director and professor of the Russian Department of Peking University.

He joined the Communist Party of China in 1956. He was elected deputy to the first, second and third National People's Congress, member of the Chinese Federation of literary and art circles, Secretary of the Secretariat of the Chinese Writers Association, member of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, etc.

Since the 1920s

Since the 1920s, he has been engaged in the introduction and translation of Russian and Soviet literature, most of which are masterpieces with millions of words. Among them, there are novels such as tieliu, chengyunian, I am the son of the working people, scripts such as invasion, Chekhov drama collection, children's literature selected works of Gaidar, etc. Since the 1960s, he began to write prose and published four collections of prose, including flower and selected essays by Cao Jinghua.

On March 10, 1987, he received an honorary doctorate from Leningrad University of the Soviet Union. On August 4, 1987, the presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union awarded him the medal of friendship among the people of all countries.

representative work

Among them, wangduan nanfeiyan is a representative work. After hearing the news of Lu Xun's death, the author seems to believe it but not believe it. It is suspected to be a "rumor", but the evening paper has confirmed this indisputable fact. So "I" recalled the previous two letters from Mr. Lu Xun in boundless pain, and described the special memorial service held in the classroom the next morning; but when "I" came home, I received the last letter from Mr. Lu Xun, the last one sent by himself, which made the author fall into great grief. The author takes the boundless thoughts of "seeing off the wild geese flying south" as the longitude, and the deep grief after the sad news as the latitude, interwoven into a hot Lyric movement, which is soul stirring and tears provoking.

The lyric prose mainly refers to three groups of lyric prose: "Yunnan Lyric", "Guangxi Lyric" and "Fujian Lyric". The author takes this kind of prose as travel notes, full of poetic and picturesque, such as the description in a spring in Erhai Lake: "the bright and clean dressing mirror in Erhai Lake The 19 peaks of Cangshan Mountain, from north to south, are like 19 fairies, sitting shoulder to shoulder, leaning close to each other, just like dressing in a mirror and staring at Erhai Lake.... " Such artistic description makes Cao Jinghua's lyric prose full of poetic flavor.

Cao Jinghua attaches great importance to the artistic skills of prose. He said: "the masters of literature and art at all times and in all over the world have not only devoted themselves to the content of articles, but also to artistic skills." Although his prose can not be said to be all refined, the vast majority of them have been painstakingly and repeatedly polished, giving them a bright artistic color.

Types of writing

Cao Jinghua's prose can be roughly divided into two types, one is reminiscent of the past, the other is improvisational Lyric. The works of reminiscence of the past are the most important in his prose creation, and they are also popular among readers. In particular, the recollection of the literary and revolutionary activities in Bai district and the memory of Lu Xun, Qu Qiubai and other revolutionary ancestors are not only of historical value, but also beautiful prose. For example, Su Jian sends deep feelings, Tao is ordinary but extraordinary, just like the first swallow in spring, a brief account of the endless vicissitudes, watching the wild geese from the south, remembering those years, dressing carefully and not waiting to see.

Writing style

He is good at combining small things with big ones. He often catches some small things and details to make meaningful articles. When writing about Lu Xun, the author always catches his every move and every word, which can deeply express Lu Xun's rich inner spiritual world. For example, when Cao Jinghua lives in a room of Lu Xun's house, his husband leads him to the room and says, "this is the room where Qiu Bai lives. He has been waiting for you for a long time, but he can't wait for you. Now, you're here, and he's gone... " In a few words, Lu Xun's deep regret and memory are vividly expressed. (Lu Xun and Qiu Bai)

Secondly, Cao Jinghua intends to use the sentence of singing three times and chanting repeatedly, which is arranged between the front and back paragraphs of the work to form the lyric context and strengthen the lyric momentum. Thirdly, his prose language is not only concise and fluent, but also rich in rhythm and musicality.

Especially others are good at using four character idioms, phrases or phrases to construct sentence patterns in narrative description, forming a sonorous and catchy rhythm, and showing a clear and elegant charm at the same time.

literary works

Selected Essays of Cao Jinghua

Bibliography of works

Flowers, 1962, author

Flying flowers in the spring city (Essays) 1978, Shaanxi people's Republic of China

Collection of flying flowers (collection of essays), 1978, Shanghai Literature and art museum

Selected Essays of Cao Jinghua, 1983, Shaanxi people's Republic of China

Selected Lyric essays by Cao Jinghua, 1988

Wang Duan Nan Lai Yan (Essays) 1988 Yellow River Literature and art

Translation bibliography

Three sisters (play) by Chekhov, 1925, business

White tea (one act drama) by bannenko et al., 1927, weimingshe

Chinese PinYin : Cao Jing Hua