Liu Ying

Liu Ying

Liu Ying (210 BC - September 26, 188 BC). The second emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, the eldest son of Liu Bang, the emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty, whose mother is the empress of the Han Dynasty.

In the fifth year of emperor Gaodi of Han Dynasty (202 BC), he was appointed as the crown prince and succeeded to the throne at the age of 16. During his reign, he implemented a benevolent government, reduced taxes, appointed Xiao He and Cao Shen as prime ministers, and implemented the policy of Xiao regulating Cao to follow and recuperate. In terms of ideology and culture, he advocated Huang Lao's philosophy. With the help of the powerful empress dowager LV, he balanced the meritorious officials and the kings.

Han Huidi died in 188 B.C. at the age of 23. He was in power for seven years. He was named emperor Xiaohui and was buried in anling.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Liu Ying was born to empress Lu. Although he was younger than Liu Fei, the mourning king of Qi Dynasty, Liu Bang, the emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, and the eldest son of empress Lu (the emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty had eight sons in all).

When Liu Ying was a child, Liu Bang was the head of a pavilion in Surabaya. His mother LV Zhi took him and Princess Lu Yuan to work in the fields. The old man passed by the field and asked for a drink of water. The old man said to empress Lu, "madam, the nobles of the world." So empress Lu pulled the two children over and asked them to face each other. The old man said to empress Lu, "my wife is so noble that I am a man. "At the same time, it's expensive to meet princess Lu Yuan. After Liu Bang came back, empress Lu told Liu Bang about the meeting. Liu Bang was eager to chase the old man. The old man said to Liu Bang, "madam, babies are all like you. You are so precious! “

In April of the second year of emperor Gaozu (205 BC), Liu Bangdong attacked Xiang Yu in Pengcheng. Xiang Yu abandoned Qi to fight back Han Army, and defeated Han Army in Pengcheng. Liu Bang ran away in a hurry. On the way, he met emperor Xiaohui and Princess Lu Yuan, and ran away with them. The Chu army was in a hurry to catch up with him. His father Liu Bang kicked his children out of the car many times. Fortunately, Xia Houying was the groom and got on the car with his children in his arms. Liu Bang was so angry that he wanted to kill Xia Houying more than ten times until he fled back to Peixian county.

In June of the second year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), Liu Bangli made Liu Ying the crown prince, and ordered him to guard Liyang. The princes' sons in Guanzhong were all the prince's guards.

In February of the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), Liu Bang ascended the throne in Dingtao, taking crown prince Liu Ying as crown prince.

Easy storage storm

Liu Ying was a man of weak benevolence. Emperor Gaodi of the Han Dynasty thought he was not like himself. Mrs. Qi's son, Liu Ruyi, is deeply loved by Liu Bang, and Liu Ruyi is very similar to Liu Bang. Liu Bang often wants to change the crown prince because he is like himself. In addition, empress Lu was old and pale, and Liu Bang was rarely seen; Mrs Qi was young and beautiful, and she was deeply loved by Liu Bang.

In the ninth year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (198 BC), Zhang Ao, king of Zhao, was deposed and Liu Ruyi was appointed king of Zhao. As the king of Zhao, Liu Ruyi often stayed in Chang'an and led the imperial court. When Liu Bang returned to Guandong, Mrs. Qi often followed him, weeping day and night to make Liu Ruyi become the crown prince on behalf of Liu Ying.

In the 10th year of emperor Gaozu (197 BC), Liu Bang wanted to change the crown prince, so he went to the court to discuss. As a result, many officials objected. Zhou Chang, the Prime Minister of the imperial censor, was the most strongly opposed. Liu Bang asked why. Zhou Chang because of the population to eat, and angry, so said: "I can't speak, but I know it can't! If your majesty wants to abolish the crown prince, he will not obey the imperial edict. "When Liu Bang saw this, he was happy and laughed. He dismissed the discussion. After the incident, empress Lu heard the above conversation in the East chamber. When she saw Zhou Chang, she knelt down and said, "if you hadn't argued, the prince would have been abandoned." Liu Bang still cherished the idea of Yi Chu, but empress Lu was afraid and didn't know what to do. Some people told her that Zhang Liang was good at planning and had always been trusted by Liu Bang. As a result, empress Lu ordered Marquis Lu Ze to find Zhang Liang, who traveled all over the world, and said to him, "as your Majesty's favorite minister. Your majesty wants to change the crown prince. How can you still lie on your back? " Zhang Liang said: "at the beginning, the emperor was in danger and adopted my strategy. Now that the world is stable, the emperor wants Prince Yi only if he likes it. It's a matter of flesh and blood. Even if there are like me, it's useless to have another 100! " Lu Ze forced: "in any case, you have to think of a way for me!" Zhang Liangdao said: "this difficult argument can achieve the goal. The emperor has four sages who want to recruit but can't. They are four Hao of Shangshan. They are all old. Because the emperor is arrogant and insults people slowly, they don't want to be officials of Han Dynasty. But the emperor took these four men as his masters. If you could spare no money and treasure, and ask the prince to write a letter in person, you should be humble and use the chariot and the debaters to invite them. When they came, they treated each other as guests and made them follow the prince into the court from time to time. In this way, the emperor must ask and tell the emperor. "So Lu Ze asked them to hold Tai Shu and welcome them with humble words. After the four arrived, they visited the marquis.

In 196 B.C., yingbu rebelled against the emperor Gaozu. Liu Bang was sick and tired of fighting. He wanted the prince to be his general. The four said: "we are here to consolidate the crown prince's position. The prince leads the army to go out, the matter is critical! "So he went to see Luze and said to him," if the prince leads the army, he can't benefit his crown prince's position if he is meritorious, but he will suffer if he is not meritorious. And those generals who give them to the prince are all generals who follow the emperor to fight in the world. To let the prince lead them is like sheep leading wolves! In this way, they will certainly not try their best, and they will surely be in vain. We have heard that a mother often holds her son in her arms. Now Mrs. Qi serves the emperor day and night, and Liu Ruyi is often held on his knee by the emperor, saying, "I will never let buxiaozi be above Aizi." obviously, it must be prince Yi. Let the queen (empress Lu) tell the emperor that yingbu is a powerful general in the world and is good at using soldiers. Today's soldiers are all the old days of his majesty. Making the prince's soldiers is just like using sheep to defeat wolves. If yingbu hears about it, he will have a strong morale and attack the West. Now your majesty is ill, but in the car, there should be nothing wrong, so the soldiers dare not do their best. Although his majesty suffered himself, he saved his wife and children. "Lu Ze went to the palace to see empress Lu, and empress Lu went to Liu Bang. According to the" four haos of Shangshan ", she cried in tears, and Liu Bang scolded:" I know this boy can't do it, so I'd better go myself! " So Liu Bang personally led the troops to the battle.

Liu Bang attacked yingbu and returned to Beijing. His illness was more serious and his idea of Yi Chu was stronger. Zhang Liang advised, not moved, too often shusuntong to remonstrate with death, Liu Bang reluctantly pretended to agree. Finally, "Shangshan Sihao" convinced Liu Bang with his actions: at a banquet, the 80 year old "Sihao" accompanied the crown prince Liu Ying to the banquet, which surprised Liu Bang and made him feel that the crown prince was mature, and the re establishment of the crown prince might lead to political chaos. Since then, the status of Prince Liu Ying has been basically stable.

Soon after, Liu Bang died and Liu Ying succeeded to the throne. He was just 16 years old. After Liu Ying succeeded to the throne, he basically inherited his father's policies and was assisted by his father's experienced ministers. There were no major twists and turns during his reign. He only sat on the throne for seven years.

Emperor's career

After Liu Ying succeeded to the throne, Xiao He continued to be the prime minister, and Emperor Hui was the only one. However, in the early Han Dynasty, he was in charge of recuperation. The country is basically free. In the second year of Huidi, Xiao He died. Before Xiao He died, Emperor Huidi asked him about the arrangement behind him. Xiao He asked him about the candidate for the position. Emperor Huidi asked, "do you think Cao Shen is OK?" Xiao He was very moved and said, "Your Majesty is willing to let Cao Shen be his prime minister. I will die without regret." After Xiao He died, Cao Shen, Marquis of Pingyang, became prime minister.

After Cao Shen became prime minister, he denounced all those who made a good name, leaving only those who had grown up to be dull. The old system will not be changed. Ginseng is drinking day and night. Some of his subordinates wanted to admonish him. Cao Shen called him to drink until he was drunk. Seeing this, Liu Ying was deeply worried. At that time, Cao Shenzi was a doctor of Chinese medicine, and Liu Yingzhao advised him on his behalf. As a result, Cao Xuan failed to persuade him, but was whipped by Cao Shen. Liu Ying saw that Cao was beaten, so he had to call Cao Shen for questioning. Liu Ying asked: "why punish Cao Xuan? I asked him to advise you. " Cao Shen asked Liu Ying, "who does your majesty think is more holy than emperor Gao?" Liu Ying replied, "how dare I compete with the former Emperor!" Cao Shen then asked, "who is more virtuous between me and Xiao He?" Liu Ying said, "it seems that you can't compare with Xiao Xiangguo." Cao Shen said, "that's right. When Emperor Gao and Xiao decide the world, the system and laws are very clear. Your majesty only needs to bow his hand, and our subordinates only need to set up their own duties, abide by the law, and have no fault. " After listening, Liu Ying said, "great! You can go down.

This is the famous "Xiao rules and Cao Sui". Cao Shen was Prime Minister for three years. He strictly abided by Xiao He's laws, kept himself quiet, used the people's time, and didn't want to disturb the people. The society presents a scene of pure brightness. After the death of Cao Shen, the song at that time said: Xiao He is the law, if you draw a picture; Cao Shen replace it, keep but don't lose; carry it quiet, the people would rather one.

Qi Ruyi and his wife Liu Ruyi resent each other. Empress Lu first demoted Mrs. Qi to Yongxiang and made her a slave. Then she sent Liu Ruyi, the king of Zhao, to Beijing by means of transferring the tiger from the mountain. Empress Liu Ying's mother wanted to harm Liu Ruyi, so she was always on guard to protect Liu Ruyi. Two people sleep and eat together, empress Lu has been unable to start.

In December of the first year of emperor Huidi of Han Dynasty (194 BC), Liu Ying went out. He felt sorry for his younger brother. He didn't want him to get up early. He wanted to let him sleep a little longer and left Liu Ruyi in the palace. As soon as Liu Ying leaves, empress Lu's followers immediately report to empress Lu, so empress Lu sends someone to poison Liu Ruyi while she is alone in her bedroom. After Liu Ying came back, he found that his younger brother was dead.

Then empress Lu began to attack Madame Qi, who had been demoted to slavery. After Lu *, he ordered him to chop her limbs, gouge her eyes, cut her tongue and stab deaf, and made a man in a lavatory. After several days, Lu * Hui invited Hui emperor to see the man. Liu Ying asked when he saw it, but he knew it was Mrs. Qi. So Huidi lost his voice and suffered, and made people say to the empress dowager, "this kind of thing can't be done by people. Children minister is the son of the empress dowager, after all, there is no way to govern the world. " After a serious illness, he ignored the government.

In October 193 BC, the second year of emperor Huidi of the Han Dynasty, Qi mourned Liu feiru

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