Zhu Dongrun

Zhu Dongrun

Zhu Dongrun (1896-1988) is a famous contemporary biographer, literary critic, literary historian, educator and calligrapher. Zhu Shiqin, formerly known as Zhu Shiqin, was born in Taixing, Jiangsu Province. He was the grandson of Zhu Yifeng, the governor of Fujian Province, who fought against the Dutch invaders in Ming Dynasty. He has written biography of Lu You, biography of Mei Yaochen, biography of Li Fangzhou, etc. The Autobiography of Zhu Dongrun is not only his review and examination of his 80 years of hard life from 1896 to 1976, but also his description and reflection of the ups and downs, ups and downs, and all kinds of living things in China in the 20th century.

brief introduction

Zhu Dongrun (1896-1988) is a famous contemporary biographer, literary critic, literary historian, educator and calligrapher. Originally named Zhu Shiqin, born in Taixing County, he was the grandson of Zhu Yifeng, the governor of Fujian Province in Ming Dynasty, who fought against the Dutch invader.

Mr. Zhu Dongrun lost his parents when he was a child. In 1907, he was subsidized by the people and admitted to the primary school attached to Nanyang public school. Because of excellent performance, hard work, in 1910, he was supervised by Shanghai Nanyang public school, and was promoted to middle school by Tang Wenzhi. After that, he dropped out of school because of his poor family and funding interruption. During the revolution of 1911, Zhu Dongrun's three brothers were killed by the Qing army for taking part in the armed uprising against the Qing Dynasty. The death of the third brother touched Mr. Zhu Dongrun a lot. Throughout his life, he held the aim of loving the country and the people, opposing autocracy and pursuing democracy. In the autumn of 1913, Mr. Zhu Dongrun went to study in Britain. The next year, he went to Southwest College in London and worked as a translator after class to help his tuition. At the beginning of 1916, Mr. Zhu Dongrun gave up his studies and resolutely returned home to take part in the struggle against Yuan Shikai's restoration as emperor. In the autumn of 1917, Mr. Zhu Dongrun was employed to teach in the second middle school of Guangxi Province, and began his teaching career of more than 70 years. From 1919 to 1929, Mr. Zhu Dongrun returned to Jiangnan and became a teacher of Nantong normal school. In 1929, he became a special lecturer of Wuhan University. He was appointed by Wen Yiduo to offer a course on the history of Chinese literary criticism. Later, he was promoted to associate professor and professor. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he abandoned his wife and son, left the occupied homeland, bypassed Southeast Asia, and went to the southwest to fight for the survival of the nation. In August 1942, he was a professor of Chongqing Central University. In the summer of 1947, he was a professor of Wuxi Sinology College, and later a professor of Jiangnan University. In the spring of 1951, he became a professor of Qilu University, and in the autumn of the same year, he became a professor of Hujiang University.

In 1952, when the colleges and departments of the national colleges and universities were adjusted, Mr. Zhu Dongrun was transferred to the Chinese Department of Fudan University as a professor. Since 1957, he has been the director of the Chinese Department of Fudan University. After liberation, Mr. Zhu Dongrun devoted himself to the cause of culture and education of the motherland with unprecedented enthusiasm. During the "Cultural Revolution", he went through inhuman tribulations. His beloved wife, Mrs. Zou Lianfang, also suffered humiliation and died because of being implicated. However, Mr. Zhu Dongrun faced the pressure of evil forces with pride and refused to yield. After smashing the gang of four, in May 1979, Mr. Zhu Dongrun joined the Communist Party of China at the age of 83, which showed his loyalty to communism, his integrity, his morality and his responsibility to the world, and his spirit of pursuing truth and paying attention to science.

In 1981, Mr. Zhu Dongrun was employed as a doctoral supervisor by the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council. He also served as a member of the first academic evaluation committee of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, a member of the State Council's ancient book collation planning group, a member of the China Writers Association, honorary president of the Shanghai classical literature society, director of the Shanghai center of the international pen society, and editor in chief of the Chinese literature and history.

Mr. Zhu Dongrun died in 1988 at the age of 93.

Zhu Dongrun's outline of the history of Chinese literary criticism is one of the earliest Monographs on the history of literary criticism. It is the foundation work of the discipline in its pioneering period. He has created nearly 10 biographies to promote the development of biographical literature in China. He is one of the founders of modern biographical literature in China.

Chronology of people

In 1896 (one year old) on December 4 (October 30 of the old calendar), he was born in the old house of Gongjia lane, Chengguan, Taixing County, Jiangsu Province. The name of the genealogy belongs to the generation with the word "Shi" and is well-known as Shi Qin. Father Shi an Gong, mother Li, Taixing County, are 41 years old. Brother three: Shi Gan, Shi □, Shi she.

In 1899 (four years old), the second brother died of lung disease. His father was unemployed, his family was poor, and he lived on pawn.

In 1900, when he was five years old, he saw the embroidery in the romance of the Three Kingdoms. His father explained it to him, starting from his father's literacy.

He entered a private school in 1901 (at the age of six). Read "dragon whip shadow" and other elementary books.

In 1904 (nine years old), Taixing county established a primary school, called Mongolian school. He entered class C for the first time and was promoted to class B.

In 1905 (at the age of ten), he entered the preparatory class of the government run primary school.

On March 21 of the old calendar, my father died, 51 years old.

In 1906 (at the age of 11), he entered class a of primary school. From Mr. Wang Minfu's reading of Zuo Zhuan, Mr. Wang valued it very much and used the word "Dongrun" in Mongolian.

At the beginning of 1907 (at the age of 12), the third elder brother Shi she joined the army and entered the ninth town of the new army of the Qing Dynasty. Spring, graduated from primary school. First place in Jinjiang primary school. In the autumn, with the help of the clansmen, he went to Shanghai to apply for the primary school affiliated to Nanyang public school. He was admitted to the second grade.

In 1909 (at the age of 14), he won the first prize in the primary school group of the national assembly of Nanyang public school. He won the gold four yuan prize and bought a copy of the miscellaneous notes of Jingshi Baijia.

In the summer of 1910 (at the age of 15), he graduated from the primary school affiliated to Nanyang public school and was ready to drop out of school due to his poor family and the interruption of support from his family members. In autumn, he was promoted to the Middle School of Nanyang public school with the help of Mr. Tang Wenzhi, the head of Nanyang public school.

In 1911 (16 years old) on October 10, Wuchang Uprising. After the restoration of Shanghai, he joined the Nanyang public school patrol team to protect the school. In October (September 18 of the old calendar), the third elder brother Shi she participated in the uprising of the ninth town in Jiangsu Province and organized a prison riot. She was defeated and killed by the Qing army in Nanjing. She was only 26 years old.

In 1912 (17 years old), he finished the second grade of Nanyang public school. In autumn, he dropped out of school and joined Wenming book company as proofreader. At the end of the year, he joined the commercial press as an assistant to the primary school monthly for two months.

In 1913 (at the age of 18), he joined the British program. In autumn, I went to study in Britain by Japan's Nagasaki 9.

In 1914 (at the age of 19), he entered private Southwest College in London. After school, I worked as a translator to help my tuition. The translation was published in Shenbao and other places.

In March 1916 (21 years old), in order to participate in the domestic war against yuan, he gave up to become a public student and returned home by Japanese ship. When he arrived in Singapore, he heard that Yuan Shikai was dead, so he returned to Taixing via Shanghai. Soon after, he returned to Shanghai and worked as a local news reporter in Zhonghua Xinbao.

In the autumn of 1917 (22 years old), he applied for a job as a foreign language teacher in the second middle school of Guangxi Province. During the winter vacation, it is enough to travel around Wuzhou with colleagues such as Chen Zhu and Feng Zhen, to write poems and advocate harmony, and to print the collection of winter vacation advocating reward. Wen Nanyang's public performance teacher died and wrote elegiac couplets. Because he was not good at calligraphy, he asked someone to write on his behalf, so he was determined to study calligraphy.

In 1918 (23 years old) summer back to Taixing, engaged. Her name is Zou Lianfang, 19 years old. She is from the county. She is a junior in the county women's primary school.

In the summer of 1919 (at the age of 24), he resigned from the teaching position of Guangxi provincial No.2 Middle School. He was transferred to Nantong Normal University and concurrently served as a teacher of Jiangsu Provincial No.7 Middle School (Nantong middle school).

In 1920, at the beginning of the year (the end of the old calendar), he returned to Taixing and got married. Spring school, with his wife to Nantong.

In 1921 (26 years old), he taught in Nantong Normal University. In October, Junda, the eldest son, was born.

In 1923 (28 years old), he taught in Nantong Normal University. The second son was born.

In 1926 (31 years old), he taught in Nantong Normal University. The eldest daughter Qing Yu was born.

In late June 1927 (32 years old), he was invited to Nanjing to serve as the Secretary of the political conference office of the CPC Central Committee. On the 80th day in Ning, he resigned in mid September because he was dissatisfied with the corruption and political darkness in the officialdom, and still returned to Nantong normal school to teach.

In April 1929 (34 years old), he left Nantong and applied to Wuhan University in Wuchang as a Preparatory English teacher. Wen Yiduo, the dean of literature, ordered to open two courses: English classics and the history of Chinese literary criticism, and arranged one year to prepare the lecture notes on the history of Chinese literary criticism.

In 1930 (35 years old), he taught in Wuhan University. Xia, the eldest son Jun Da died of meningitis in his hometown, only 11 years old.

In 1931 (36 years old), the new campus of Wuhan University was built. He took the course of Chinese literary criticism and writing, published research papers on Chinese literary criticism in the Journal of literature and philosophy of Wuhan University, and became a professor of Chinese department.

In 1933 (38 years old), he taught in Wuhan University. The research papers on the book of songs have been published in the quarterly of literature and History: 1. Doubts about the theory of national style; 2. The theory of great and small elegance of poetry; 3. The collection of ancient poetry; 4. The theory of the heart of Poetry (with an introduction, collected as four theories on reading poetry, published by the commercial press in 1940).

In August 1937 (42 years old), the national anti Japanese war began. In autumn, teaching in Wuhan University was gradually stopped. During the winter vacation, I went back to Taixing via Guangzhou and Hong Kong and Shanghai. After marriage, the new house was completed.

He lived in Taixing in 1938. Temporary part-time course in Taixing branch of Shanghai Huguang middle school. In September, his youngest son, Junmai, was born. In November, he received a telegram from Wuhan University and ordered him to report to Leshan, Sichuan. At the beginning of December, he left home for Sichuan, first from Shanghai to Hong Kong, by way of Vietnam, and then through Yungui and Jianguan to Sichuan.

On January 14, 1939 (44 years old), he arrived at Wuhan University in Leshan to report. Not long ago, he was taught the research of historical records

Chinese PinYin : Zhu Dong Run