Liu Daoyi

Liu Daoyi

Liu Daoyi (1884-1906), a native of Xiangtan, Hunan Province, is a modern Chinese democratic revolutionist. He was fond of reading progressive books in his youth. Influenced by the revolutionary trend, he joined Huaxing society in 1903. He went to Japan to study in 1904 and joined the Chinese League in 1905. In 1906, Liu Daoyi was appointed by Huang Xing as the leader of the Ping Liu Li uprising. After arriving in Changsha, Liu Daoyi summoned the core comrades to a secret meeting on the ship of shuiluzhou and agreed on the specific plan of the uprising. Unfortunately, Liu Daoyi was arrested by the Qing government on the way back to Changsha from Hengshan because he mobilized the new army and raised arms in Changsha and Hengshan. In the face of torture, Liu Daoyi angrily denounced: "scholars can be killed, not humiliated, death is death ear!" In the prison, he wrote: "heaven and earth are flourishing, but I am not alone. How can I cherish this day when I give up my life. On December 31, 1906, Liu Daoyi died calmly outside the gate of Liuyang in Changsha. He was only 22 years old.

After Liu Daoyi's death, Sun Yat Sen wrote a poem of mourning: three Chuxiong in the southeast of Banbi, Liu Lang's death dominating tukong. The remaining legacy is very difficult. Who is the same as Si people. Fill up the autumn wind and mourn the horses, and weep for the setting sun in China. When did you drink Huanglong wine and hold a memorial ceremony. Huang Xing wrote a mourning poem: the hero had no life to cry for Liu Lang, and the heart of the Central Plains was filled with the fragrance of chivalrous bones. I did not swallow Hu Hui Han industry, you hang first to see Wu Huang. What's the meaning of chichitian? The sun shines when hunting the yellow flag. People in the eye think of the country, and it's hard to build a vast country!

Life of the characters

Family history

On July 22, 1884, Liu Dao lived in badouchong, huacalyx Township, Xiangtan County, Hunan Province. Liu Daoyi, whose genealogical name is Jitang, is a Chinese martyr. His ancestral home is Hengshan, Hunan Province. His ancestor Liu Zonghan moved to Xiangtan during the reign of Kangxi. He first lived in yangliuchong, the eighth capital of Xiangtan, and then built a house in Liujiawan under the Guangdong bridge of the ninth capital of Xiangtan. His descendants lived in Xiangtan from generation to generation, forming the Liu family who moved from Hengshan to Xiangtan.

His father, Liu Fangyi, was a brave soldier in the Xiang army camp in his early years. He released Lin Dirong, the General Commander of the Taiping army, because of his righteousness. In order to avoid disaster, he changed his name to PENGYUAN and went to badouchong, huacalyx Township, Xiangtan county to settle down. Later, he served as a prison officer in Xiangtan county government. Liu Fangyi has three sons: Liu Qiantang, Liu Jitang and Liu Liuyi. Liu Qian Tang is the name of Liu Kui.

Devoted to revolution

Liu Daoyi was intelligent and outstanding in his childhood. When he was a child, he entered a private school to read Mencius. He was able to recite Mencius. He was cheerful, eloquent and incisive. Later, he studied in Yizhi school in the county. Influenced by the revolutionary trend and his elder brother Liu Kuiyi, he was radical in thought. When reading the biography of Zhu xuhou in the book of Han Dynasty, he appreciated the saying that "those who are not of the same kind should be uprooted", so he called himself "uprooted". Later, he entered Changsha school and Xiangtan American church school. He was extremely concerned about the political fate of the eight countries, especially when he entered Beijing.

In 1903 (the 29th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), Huang Xing organized the anti Qing revolutionary group Huaxing Association in Changsha.

In 1904, Liu Kuiyi, Wu Luzhen and others initiated the establishment of the anti Qing revolutionary group Huaxing Association, in which Liu Daoyi also joined. Because of his linguistic talent, he was sent to Xiangtan by the Huaxing inner circle to instigate contact with the leaders of the elder brother's Association. Liu Daoyi not only successfully completed the task, but also preached revolutionary principles like the party members. In March, Liu Daoyi enrolled in the Tsinghua School (formerly Tokyo Datong school) to study in Japan. During this period, Liu Daoyi was influenced by the revolutionary atmosphere of Tokyo students and gradually became a radical democrat.

In August 1905, Liu Daoyi participated in the planning work of the Chinese League, and was promoted as secretary and Secretary after the establishment of the Chinese League. Later, the revolutionary party and the royalists discussed the war, and he actively participated in it. He published articles such as "the theory that the chieftains must kill the traitors before driving out Manchuria". In December, he joined the secret revolutionary group "ten people group" organized by Qiu Jin and others, and then joined the "Hongmen triad" founded by Feng Ziyou in Yokohama with Qiu Jin and others, and was named "straw sandals" (general).

In 1906, he was ordered to return to China to contact the Communist Party of China and the new army, and was fully responsible for organizing and launching the Ping Liu Li uprising. This was the first large-scale armed uprising since the founding of the Chinese League. The uprising was originally launched at the end of December when the Qing officials sealed it, but some of the Party comrades couldn't wait to take the lead in attacking Mashi on December 4. Liu Daoyi and others had to deal with it in an emergency. In the process of contacting the uprising army, they were caught by the Qing soldiers for neglecting the cover.

go to one 's death like a hero

In the autumn of 1906, Liu daoyifeng, Cai shaonan, Peng Bangdong and others returned to Hunan in an attempt to "mobilize the new army, revive the party" and brew an armed uprising. After arriving in Changsha, he and CAI shaonan gathered dozens of revolutionary comrades to meet secretly on the ship of shuiluzhou (Orange Island) to convey Huang Xing's opinions on the deployment of armed uprising. After the meeting, Liu Daoyi stayed in Changsha to take charge of the overall situation, and was responsible for the contact with the headquarters of the alliance in Tokyo and other aspects. Cai shaonan went to Pingxiang to contact the party, and planned to raise a case at the end of the lunar calendar when the Qing government sealed its seal.

On December 4, 1906, the Ping Liu Li uprising, led by Cai shaonan and Gong Chuntai, broke out ahead of schedule. The Qing government was shocked and sent 50000 soldiers from Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces to suppress the uprising. The uprising team was not strict in discipline, failed in command, and finally failed. At that time, Liu Daoyi was campaigning for the new army in Changsha. After hearing the news of the uprising, he stepped up preparations day and night so that when the uprising troops captured Changsha, the new army and the garrison could open the city to respond. He first planned in Changsha, and then went to Hengshan to contact. Unfortunately, on the way back from Hengyang to Changsha, CEN Chunxuan, governor of Hunan Province, sent troops to arrest him and sent him to Changsha for interrogation.

He was repeatedly tortured in prison. He was firm and unyielding. He wrote down "heaven and earth are flourishing in prison, but my way is not lonely.". How can I cherish this day of sacrifice? The ambition of heaven in saving the world is already empty. " In the face of torture, he angrily denounced: "scholars can be killed, not humiliated, death is death ear!" However, the Qing officials, who were only 22 years old, killed him outside the gate of Liuyang in Changsha on December 31 of that year on the pretext of finding a stamp with the word "chifei" from him.

When Huang Xing learned of Liu Daoyi's death in Tokyo, he hugged Liu Kuiyi and cried bitterly. When Sun Yat Sen heard the news, he was full of grief and indignation, and wrote poems to mourn. Liu Daoyi's father, Liu Fangyi, suffered a stroke due to excessive grief and anger, and died a month later. Cao Zhuang, Liu Daoyi's wife, was studying in the Zhou family school in Changsha at that time. After hearing that he committed suicide, he failed. Two years later, he still hanged himself to die for the festival.

Liu Daoyi is the first student in Japan who was killed because of the anti Qing revolution. He is also the first martyr among the members of the Chinese league who died for the revolution. He is the author of Hengshan Zhengqi collection.

Elegy of leaders

Liu Daoyi was the first member of the Chinese League to die for the revolution. His heroic sacrifice and the failure of Ping Liu Li uprising caused great repercussions in China at that time. The United League held a grand memorial meeting for him. Sun Yat Sen and Huang Xing wrote elegy for him and highly praised his achievements. After his death, the revolutionary party mostly wrote elegy, and there are still more than 80 elegy. Sun Yat Sen and Huang Xing's Elegy are as follows: seven rhythms, Liu Daoyi and Sun Wen

Half of the southeast three Chuxiong, Liu Lang dead batukong.

The rest of the legacy is very difficult, who is generous with this people!

Fill up the autumn wind and mourn the horses, and weep for the setting sun in China.

When did you drink Huanglong wine and hold a memorial ceremony.

Seven rhythms: Liu Daoyi and Huang Xing

The hero has no life to cry Liu Lang, but the chivalrous spirit of the Central Plains.

I did not swallow Hu Hui Han industry, you hang first to see Wu Huang.

What's the meaning of chizi? The yellow flag is shining.

People in the eye think of the country, but it is difficult to build up a vast country.

Tomb of Liu Daoyi

After the founding of the Republic of China, with the approval of Sun Yat Sen, Liu Daoyi was worshipped in the martyrs' temple of the Han Dynasty. In March 1912, after the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government, Sun Yat Sen issued the "decree of giving special treatment to Liu Daoyi" in the name of the provisional president. Liu Daoyi was buried in Qingfeng gorge, Yuelu Mountain, Changsha, and Huang Xing personally inscribed the "Tomb of Liu Daoyi, a martyr". It covers an area of about 110 square meters. The tomb is a semicircle with a diameter of 3 meters at the bottom and a height of 0.5 meters. At the back of the tomb, there are three steles. The main stele is inscribed with the eight characters of "Tomb of martyr Liu Daoyi Caozhuang" written by Tan Yankai, which is 1.41 meters high and 0.52 meters wide. On the left and right are the inscriptions written by Liu Daoyi's brother Caiyi, which are 1.3 meters high and 0.45 meters wide. In front of the tomb, there are stone benches, worship platforms, incense burners and stone square pillars on both sides. Small regular script is engraved around the tomb to describe Liu Daoyi's life. The climbing stone path passes obliquely from the left side of the tomb.

After 80 years of martyr Liu Daoyi's death, Mr. Qu Wu wrote an inscription for the martyr's temple: "Liu Lang is immortal if he dies generously. To serve the country wholeheartedly, Yuelu will last forever. " In 1983, the tomb of Liu Daoyi was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Hunan Province.

Chinese PinYin : Liu Dao Yi