Zhao Bi
Zhao Bi
Zhao Bi (1220-1276), a politician of Yuan Dynasty, was born in Huairen County of Yunzhong (now Huairen County of Shanxi Province).
In 1242, he met with Kublai Khan and hired Wang e, a famous scholar of Confucianism in the Central Plains, to learn Mongolian and explain Confucian classics to Kublai Khan. Mengge ascended the throne and ordered Zhao Bi and tachar to go to Yanjing to comfort the army and the people. In 1252, Zhao Bi and Shi Tianze both served as the economic and strategic envoys of Henan Province. They settled their fields at the border and prepared to attack the Southern Song Dynasty. In 1259, Zhao Bi followed Kublai Khan to attack Ezhou (now Wuhan City, Hubei Province) in the Southern Song Dynasty. Zhao Bi negotiated with him. The emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty ascended the throne. He took Zhao Bi as a consolation envoy to Yanjing and a political official of Zhongshu province. He conquered alibuge and Li Fen in Shandong Province. Zhao bi was a provincial official of Zhongshu in Shandong Province. In 1267, Zhao bi was the Deputy envoy to the Privy Council. In 1269, Zhao Bi and a Shu attacked Xiangyang Fancheng in the Song Dynasty. In the same year, Wang Yi, the king of Korea, was dethroned by Lin Yan, and Zhao Bixing, the governor of Zhongshu in Tokyo, was stationed in Pyongyang to send Wang Yi back. In 1276, Zhao Bi died.
Life of the characters
Zhao Bishao, the magistrate of Li's school, studied Confucianism from famous teachers Li Wei of Jiushan and LAN Guangting of Jincheng, and "recited the lessons in the morning and in the evening". His academic progress was very fast. In 1242, at the age of 23, Zhao bi was summoned to the place where he was stationed by Kublai Khan. At that time, there were not many Confucians who went to the north of Mobei. Zhao Bi received Kublai Khan's favorable treatment for Jingmin and ordered the princess to make clothes for him. When he met, he called him "Xiucai" instead of naming him. He once traveled to the central plains under Kublai Khan's orders and recruited old Jin celebrities from all over the country to assist in the imperial residence. Yao Shu, Wang E and others were inspired by him. He also taught Confucianism to ten Mongolian students in Mobei. During this period, his Mongolian became more and more proficient, and he was ordered to translate and speak Da Xue Yan Yi for Kublai. Kublai Khan has been praising him for being a Chinese and "being able to speak Mandarin as well as Chinese". At the end of the Jin Dynasty, Zhao Bi lived in Shuofang, where he was in a state of turmoil. Perhaps he was aware of the current situation and gradually learned the northern language. Later, he was able to join the ranks of the new rich because of the need for Mongolian rulers to communicate with Chinese culture. His fortune was not entirely accidental.
In 1251, the elder brother of Kublai Khan, mengge, called Zhao Bi to ask for treatment. Bi asked "to punish those who are near first, especially those who are not good.". Mengo was not happy to hear it. Afterwards, Kublai Khan said to him: "scholar, you are full of courage and evil! I also hold hands for you and sweat for you "(Biography of Zhao Bi in Yuan History). In the same year, he was appointed "general six departments in Yan", that is, bijichi, who was in charge of the administration of local finance and Fu in Yanjing. "Zong Liu Bu Yu Yan" is the Chinese official name used to translate dabijachi, assistant of dazaluhuchi in Yanjing at that time. At the same time, he held the post with Hui people such as Sai Dianchi and nimin Martin.
In 1252, Kublai Khan took the Yanjing dazalu Huchi as an example. He was ignorant of political affairs, and the Han Dynasty was ruled out. Because of his pilgrimage to Henan, he tried to rule it, and mengge made it. Kublai Khan then ordered Bi and Shi Tianze, the Han Marquis of "Chao GUI mang Kala", to be envoys and manage Henan. At that time, Henan province suffered from war and chaos, and the people were in dire straits. There are Liu wanhu who are corrupt and tyrannical. When you marry in a county, you must bribe it first, and then dare to do it after you get what you want. Most people call it Weng. Bi Zhi, that is, according to the book of Dong Zhubo, a member of Liu wanhu's party who was abusive by the power, beheaded him. Liu wanhu was frightened and died in bed. It's like screen robbers, making Chu coins, paying taxes and setting up wasteland. In 1923, He'nan was known as "the most governing province".
In 1257, because Kublai Khan won the favor of the Han people, mengge sent alandar to investigate the Golden Valley of the officials in Henan, Shaanxi and other areas under Kublai Khan's seal. In Henan Province, the examiners were organized by all means, but the officials of BianFu had nothing to escape. Shi Tianze was the first to honor the old, and it was difficult to add guilt. Among the three "Henan Economic and strategic envoys", Zhao Bi is the most dangerous one. But he remained calm. Every time the examiner analyzed the copy, he argued for it. If the examiners are angry, they will "erect the arch; if they are angry, they will be able to distinguish again.". According to the results of the examination, it is said that bilekou "appreciates things". Kublai Khan had to protect himself and return the so-called embezzled property on his behalf. He also transferred him out of Henan Province to be the general manager of huaimeng road in Tang Mo Yi (now Qinyang, Henan Province).
In 1258, Kublai Khan led the Mongol and Han armies to attack the Song Dynasty. BI was appointed as Jianghuai Jinghu economic envoy. The next year, the soldiers surrounded Ezhou (now Wuhan, Hubei Province), and Jia Sidao of Song Dynasty asked him to send a near servant to discuss with him. Bi asked him to leave, so he was escorted down to Ezhou City by 3000 soldiers, and ascended the city to discuss with song general. Jia Sidao refused to see him because of his foot disease, but he agreed to discuss it again. By autumn, mengge was injured and died on the Sichuan front line. In order to fight for Khan's position, Kublai Khan and Jia Sidao discussed with each other in Ezhou City, and then Zhao Bi returned to the north.
Kublai Khan was in Kaiping in 1260. He had to rely on the financial and human resources of the Han Dynasty to fight for his younger brother alibuge. However, at that time, the Central Plains area was "exhausted due to the new supply of Shu soldiers". Therefore, on the day of his accession to the throne, he appointed three officials in charge of the administration of Han local finance and Fu, Zhao Bi, Yi Yi and Dong Wenbing. Their official names in Chinese, such as "the book of Shizu in the history of the Yuan Dynasty", are called "xuanweishi on Yanjing road". However, according to the actual records of the same period, his duty was actually "Xing Liubu Yu Yan", that is, dabijajachi in Yanjing.
Zhao Bi had been in this position in the early years of mengge, so now she is very handy. According to the legend of the stele, he "continued to carry out his plans and transportation one after another" and "learned books and books by hand, and gained tens of thousands of money by invading and stealing. He took advantage of the public to march to the north, and the people did not disturb the army.". Because he played a very important role in the supply of troops to the north, in the first year of Zhongtong (1260) in July, when he established "Yanjing xingzhongshu province" as the central branch of the Han government, Zhao bi was awarded Pingzhang political affairs. The next year, provincial officials of Yanjing went to Shangdu to discuss affairs. On the basis of Yanjing provincial government, the yuan court formally established the establishment of Zhongshu provincial government, and appointed a number of new provincial officials. Then the new and old provincial officials were divided into two parts: "staying in China" and "doing provincial affairs in Yanjing". Zhao bi was still in charge of Pingzhang politics. In the annals of prime ministers in the history of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhao bi was appointed in the first year of Zhongtong, which is actually the provincial Pingzhang in the reign of Yanjing. In the same annals, Zhao bi was omitted in the second and third year of Zhongtong.
In the third year of the reign of emperor Zhongtong, Li Fen, the Han Marquis of Yidu, rebelled. Kublai Khan sent his troops to seek help, and ordered Bi to travel in Shandong and other places. His main duty was to organize the supply and demand of salaries for Li Jun under the command of Hebi CHIZONG king and Shi Tianze. After the end of the war, Bi returned to the central province, and sajis took over the establishment of "yidulu province" left by Li Fen. Li Fan's rebellion implicated his uncle, Wang Wentong, the official of Zhongshu Pingzhang.
Wang Wentong and Li Fen conspired to commit the crime, which aroused Kublai Khan's suspicion of a group of Han "scholars" in the court. Lian Xixian and Shang Ting, who presided over the provincial administration of Shaanxi Province, were also falsely accused and recalled to the imperial court at this time. At this moment, Zhao Bi spoke to Kublai Khan, saying that Wang Wentong was originally recommended by Lian Xixian and Zhang Yi, so it was widely used. Kublai Khan couldn't sleep at night when he heard the music, so he sent a Chinese envoy to summon Lian Xixian in the middle of the night. According to the stele materials recording the deeds of Lian Xixian, Zhao Bi's move was due to his envy for his name. Whether there are other reasons in the middle is hard to be sure.
After Li Fan's rebellion was settled, the yuan Court seized the military power of the Han Marquis, divided the army and the people, merged the province with the counties, and carried out the transfer law. In the second year of Zhiyuan (1265), Zhao Bixing implemented the reform of local government system in Nanjing (Kaifeng), Henan Province (Luoyang), Daming, Shunde (Xingtai, Hebei), Weihui (Jixian, Henan), Zhangde (Anyang, Henan), huaimeng and other places. It lasted two months, and then returned to Beijing to announce his order.
In August of the year of Zhiyuan, Kublai Khan merged the left and right departments of the financial management organization of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Central Committee. At that time, the yuan court removed all the officials and reappointed them. Most of the Han people in Zhongshu province and even those with deep sinicization, such as Lian Xixian, were excluded. Zhao Bi left his post at that time, and only in the first month of the fourth year of the Zhiyuan dynasty did he have a new appointment, that is, to be the Deputy privy envoy. According to the establishment of the Privy Council at that time, the Privy Council was composed of the crown prince Zhenjin and two deputy envoys.
It seems to be a great honor for Zhao Bi to take up such an important position as a Chinese. However, since he had no experience in running the army, it was always strange that he suddenly took up a military post. After all, he was one of Kublai Khan's few old friends. Therefore, Kublai Khan arranged such a new position for him to show his status, although he was forced out of Zhongshu province due to the rise of AHMA's power. According to its shendaobei, when he was given his life, "public opinion is public depression.". At that time, people were also very clear to see that this was just a signal of Zhao Bi's political defeat.
In the sixth year of Zhiyuan Dynasty, however, after that, Zhao Bi actually brought troops. In the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty, LV Wende, the commander-in-chief of Jinghu in the Song Dynasty, sent people to tingyue to surrender. Kublai Khan ordered Bi Chi post to go to the front line of Xiangfan to discuss with marshal a Shu, and Russia ordered Bi to go with marshal a Shu. At that time, the yuan army was besieging Xiangfan. Xia GUI, the general of the Song Dynasty, led 50000 troops and supplied 3000 grain ships to the Han River. At that time, the Han river rose sharply, and ah Shu was sick again in Xinye. Zhao bi was afraid that Xia GUI would sneak in at night and attack the yuan army, so he set up an ambush on the south line of the yuan army gathering area. Bi went back and forth for seven days and nights to inspect the situation of the enemy. Xia GUI came at night. Zhao Bi got the news and led a solo ride through the mountains all night. He rushed back to Fu District to engage in mobilization. Soon after, the song army arrived at the yuan army's ambush and was under cover. It was also awed by the great publicity of the yuan army,
Chinese PinYin : Zhao Bi
Zhao Bi
