Yu Ling

Yu Ling

Yu Ling (February 23, 1907 ~ June 7, 1997), a famous Chinese playwright, director and actor. Its original name was Ren Xigui and its character was Yucheng. He is from Yixing, Jiangsu Province. In 1926, he went to Suzhou First Normal University to study and joined the Communist Youth League of China in the same year. He began to engage in drama activities in 1927. In 1930, he was admitted to the Department of Russian law and politics in the Law School of Peking University. In 1932, he joined the left-wing writers' League of China, served as the organization secretary, and prepared to establish the Peking branch League of the left-wing dramatists' League of China. He launched anti imperialist and anti feudal patriotic activities in the form of drama and literary activities. In the same year, he joined the Communist Party of China and has been engaged in the creation and theoretical work of left-wing films and dramas for a long time. After 1949, he served as the director of state-owned Shanghai Film Studio, director of Shanghai Municipal Bureau of culture, President of Shanghai Academy of drama, etc.

Profile

Yu Ling (1907-1997), son-in-law of Zhou Shiguan and husband of Zhou Boli. The main pseudonyms are Youjing, yefugen, etc. He once served as a member of the Chinese Federation of literary and artistic circles, vice chairman of the Chinese filmmakers Association, chairman of the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Writers Association, chairman of the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Dramatists Association and chairman of the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese filmmakers Association.

Source of pseudonym

The name "Yuling" is not his original name. His original name is Ren, and his original name is Ren Xigui, which is named Yucheng. His father took "Yu xixuangui, Suijue Chenggong" from Shangshu Yugong. When he was a child, he used this name when he was in a five-year school. Later, when he was in primary school and was admitted to Suzhou Caoqiao, Jiangsu Provincial No.2 Middle School, he also used his own name and surname. Therefore, people who had deep contacts with him called him "Lao Ren". This is what Deng Yingchao calls him. People who don't know will find it strange.

When Yu Ling was a teacher's school student in Suzhou, he liked to read plays. Nanguo society's plays, especially Tian Han's works, could recite almost all his lines. He began to love drama by reading plays. Although he studied in the Law School of Peking University, he studied in the Department of Russian politics and economics. After the September 18th Incident, Yu Ling devoted himself to the Anti Japanese patriotic movement. Due to the need of propaganda, he began to learn to write one act dramas and took part in the work of the Peking branch of the left wing dramatist League. In 1932, his first one act drama tile sword was born, which was signed "Ren Jia", which was his first pen name.

Since then, he has been transferred to Shanghai by the "drama Federation" general League. Since then, he has created 33 one act plays in succession, using the pseudonym "Youjing". This name is very special. What's its origin? Chenghe told me that the foreign name was derived from the relationship between learning Russian and foreign names. Since 1934, he has published film review articles in Shenbao Benbu supplement almost every day, also using this pseudonym. So, why hasn't the pseudonym been used all the time?

Because the name "You Jing" is too loud. At that time, his works echo and the descendants of the traitors were the "national defense dramas" with the highest performance record at that time, which earned him the reputation of "national defense expert". When Shanghai became an "isolated island", it was no longer convenient to use the name of "You Jing", which is very famous, for public activities. It is also a kind of helplessness, or the result of Yu Ling's thinking in the drama movement.

In 1938, from the creation of the four act drama "women's apartment", he used the pseudonym "Yu Ling". Xia Yan once said: "the change of a pseudonym represents the author's re starting and rebirth." From then on, Yu Ling changed from "national defense drama" to "Anti Japanese war drama", and created multi act drama under the pseudonym of "Yu Ling". There were 17 multi act dramas (excluding five collective dramas). Both content and form are in step with the times, especially reflecting the theme of Shanghai People's Anti Japanese war in the "isolated island" period of Shanghai, such as the multi act drama "luminous cup", "women's apartment", "splashing tears" and "Night Shanghai", etc., which created a historical picture of Shanghai People's Anti Japanese war with drama and won the audience's recognition.

Why use the name "Yu Ling"? It turns out that the word "Yu" is homonymous with "Yu Cheng" and has the surname of Yu, so it is not suspected that it is a false surname. The word "Ling" means "actor". In the old society, "actor" was looked down upon, and he was willing to be an actor. When old man Yu Ling said this, he looked very calm.

He also used some other pseudonyms, such as "Ye Fugen" in 1938 when he was acting editor in chief of the column "everybody talks" in Yibao. This name is also his pseudonym when he was engaged in underground work of the party. Because so and so root, so and so rich, are often hard-working people. There are many farmers in Suzhou called "root". When he was young, he spent six years in Suzhou and wrote the one act drama "three songs in the south of the Yangtze River" with the theme of farmers in the south of the Yangtze River. No wonder he wanted to use this pen name with local color.

There are many writers who have extended their pseudonyms to later great names. Yu Ling not only changed his pseudonym to his later name, but also changed his family name to "Yu" for his children and the next generation. It doesn't matter what your family name is. It's at home.

Take part in the revolution

Yu Ling was born on February 23, 1907 in Yixing County, Jiangsu Province.

When Yu Ling was studying in Suzhou First Normal School, he took part in Suzhou students' drama performance, which was the beginning of his drama activities. In 1930, Yu Ling was admitted to the Law School of Peking University. Feeling the national crisis and the people's hardship at that time, he wrote three one act plays to express his indignation and embarked on the road of drama creation.

In 1932, Yu Ling joined the Beijing Branch of the left wing writers' Union of China. The following year, he and song Zhidi, Chen Yi and others organized the Peking branch of the left wing dramatists' Union of China (left wing dramatists' Union for short). He also organized mass organizations outside the school, such as the anti imperialist alliance and the student Mutual Aid Association, to carry out patriotic activities against imperialism and feudalism in the form of drama and literature activities.

In May 1932, buliba drama club, an organization of Yu Ling and Song Zhi, put on the play tile sword written by Yu Ling in Peiping. In June, they both performed together with the drama society of he mang. Both performances were attacked by the reactionary army and police. Yu Ling was injured and his performance was banned.

In January 1933, Yu Ling was transferred from Beiping to Shanghai left wing Drama Association to participate in the organization of drama movement. In August, he was in charge of Sansan drama club. In the same year, the drama club was forced to stop its activities because of bloody conflicts with the Kuomintang army and police. In this year, Yu Ling wrote the one act drama "La Yue 24" (Taiping year) and "a bag of rice" against feudal exploitation and oppression, which were first performed in Shanghai.

In April 1934, Yu Ling was transferred to work in the left wing cultural League. Under the leadership of Xia Yan, he was in charge of the contact work of the "drama Federation" and other organizations. In the same year, Shanghai anonymous Dramatists Association was established, with Yu Ling as one of the leaders. To commemorate the second anniversary of the Anti Japanese war on January 28, and to commemorate May 1 and support the strike struggle of workers in American Asian silk factories, the association held three public performances. In July of the same year, it was destroyed by the reactionary army and police of the Kuomintang.

In the winter of 1934, under the chairmanship of Yu Ling, the left wing Drama Association summed up the experience and lessons of the previous paragraph and held that in order to fight more effectively, the movement of establishing theater art should be carried out. So in the spring of 1935, Shanghai Amateur Dramatists Association was formed to perform a series of famous Chinese and foreign works, which improved the stage art level, expanded the influence of drama, and made the left-wing drama movement complete the task of strategic transfer. From April 1934 to the end of 1936, while engaged in heavy organizational work, Yu Ling also wrote 11 one act dramas, such as "summer night melody", "echo", "under the hoof", "descendants of the traitors" (created by Zhang Min, Hong Shen and Zhang Geng, written by Yu Ling), "retreat, Zhao Jiazhuang" (created by Shen Xiling, Zhang Min, Ling He and Xia Yan, written by Yu Ling), and "mysterious lady", for publicity It played a fighting role in resisting Japan and saving the nation, inspiring the will to fight, exposing the traitors who compromised and surrendered.

Alone on an island

On July 7, 1937, the Japanese invading army launched the Lugouqiao Incident. The Chinese Dramatists' Association decided to collectively write the play "defending Lugouqiao". Yu Ling participated in the writing and served as the director of the performance Committee and stage supervisor. The play was staged at Penglai theater in Shanghai on August 7. On August 23, the Japanese aggressor army led the war to Shanghai. Under the leadership of Yu Ling, the National Salvation Association of Shanghai Drama circles mobilized the vast number of drama and film workers in Shanghai to quickly form 13 national salvation performance teams to carry out Anti Japanese propaganda.

On November 7, the Kuomintang authorities abandoned Shanghai, leaving only two pieces of land in the French and British concessions, surrounded by Japanese aggressors, and the period of "isolated island" in Shanghai began. In the extremely difficult environment, Yu Ling United Ouyang Yuqian, a Ying, Xu Xingzhi, Li Bolong and others who stayed in Shanghai to form the Qingniao drama club. At the end of 1937, Yu Ling began to perform thunderstorm, sunrise and women's apartment written by Yu Ling. In the middle of 1938, Yu Ling, a Ying, Wu Renzhi, Li Jianwu and others had many twists and turns to set up the Shanghai drama club. After winning the support of the French Concession authorities through legal struggle, he performed such patriotic plays as the motherland by Sadou, the French playwright, and the fight between love and death by Roland. Later, Zhang Junxiang's dramas "the story of a small town", "the story of a border town" and Cao Yu's "just thinking" and "gilding" were staged. Through the performance, the team of Shanghai drama society has been expanding. In cooperation with the French Concession authorities, Shanghai drama society has set up a Sino French drama school, which has trained a number of well-known writers, directors and stage artists in the future.

From 1937 to 1941, in about five years of "isolated island", Yu Ling created "blood in the clear sky - flying general Yan Haiwen", "storm in the city", "daughter country" and "heroes of the Ming Dynasty"

Chinese PinYin : Yu Ling