Hongren

Hongren

Hongren (1610-1664), a famous painter in Qing Dynasty. Common surname Jiang, name Tao, word six odd, also known as Fang, word Ou Meng. After the death of Ming Dynasty, he became a monk in Wuyishan, Fujian Province, with the name of Jianjiang and the name of Meihua Guna. She County, Anhui Province. He was one of the four painting monks in the early Qing Dynasty. He was good at landscape painting. He was a beginner of the Song Dynasty, and later learned from Xiao Yuncong and Ni Zan. His writing style was clear, simple and elegant, with high interest and elegance. He is the founder of Xin'an School of painting, and he is also known as the "four masters of Xin'an" together with four people, such as cha Shibiao, Sun Yi and Wang Zhirui. He also wrote Mei Zhu and Gongshi. The existing works include the painting of withered Cha and short grass, the painting of pine and snow in the West Rock, the painting of pine and stone in the Yellow Sea, etc. He is the author of Hua Ji.

Profile

Hongren, a young man, is lonely and poor, and has a sexual addiction. I have been fond of literature since I was a child, and painting has never stopped all my life. He was a scholar in the late Ming Dynasty. After the death of the Ming Dynasty, he was determined to fight against the Qing Dynasty. He left Shea for Fujian, became a monk in Wuyishan, and studied under the Chan Master Gu hang. After traveling around, he returned to Shexian county and lived in the western suburbs of Taiping Xingguo temple and Wuming temple. He often traveled between Huangshan and Baiyue. Hongren is the founder of Xin'an painting school. He, together with cha Shibiao, Sun Yi and Wang Lirui, were known as the "Xin'an four masters" in the early Qing Dynasty, also known as the "Haiyang four masters". Zhang Geng said in the collection of Guochao paintings that "Xin'an paintings are mostly from the Qing Dynasty (Ni Zan), and Gai Jian is the master and the pioneer." in the history of painting, Hongren, kuncan, Shitao and Bada are called "four monks". It represents a school of innovation. In the 13th year of Shunzhi (1656) of the Qing Dynasty, he returned to she from Fujian and went to Wuming temple in the West. Painting from the song and Yuan Dynasties, Wan Chong Ni Zan painting, the founder of Xin'an school. Ancient painters. It's more natural. After returning to Shehe, he would visit Huangshan every year. Based on the true landscape of Jiangnan, he once made 50 true landscapes of Huangshan, with vigorous and clean strokes. It is full of elegant air and gives people a fresh feeling. His painting of Huangshan pines and stones is also magnificent and elegant. The painting of xiaojiangfengbiantu is a masterpiece of his later years, which describes the scenery of Pukou with the brush and ink of Hejin and the side front. Yan Zhenqing, a regular script writer, learned from Ni Yunlin and got his charm. He also wrote poems. Later generations compiled 148 pieces of Hua Ji Ji.

Overview of life

In 1610, when he was one year old in the 38th year of Wanli (gengxu) of the Ming Dynasty, his surname was Jiang, his name was Tao, his word was Liuqi, his name was Fang, his word was Oumeng. In 1634, when he was 25 years old in the seventh year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (Jiaxu), he painted a fan for Lingyun's Ci, still using Huang Gongwang's method. This fan is now stored in Wang's house in Shanghai. On the title: "Jiaxu autumn written for the Lingyun CI. Jiang Tao. " In 1639, at the age of 30 in the 12th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (Jimao), Li Bai, a native of Xin'an, celebrated his 40th birthday by drawing the gangling painting volume with Li Yongchang, Sun Yi, Wang Du and Liu Shangyan. It was named "the sixth birthday of the elder brother of maojiang" in the inscription of "the sixth birthday of the elder brother of maojiang". It is known from the postscripts that this painting was painted in March of the year of Jimao. The authors are all from Xin'an. Therefore, they know that they have moved back to Xin'an from Hang Prefecture at this time, and they were all born in Hang Prefecture before. In 1645, Jin Sheng, a 36 year old Huizhou native, and his student Jiang Tianyi set up a group of scholars to fight against the Qing soldiers, defend Jixi and Huangshan, and divide their forces to strangle Liuling. In September, Huang Shu, the imperial censor, descended to the Qing Dynasty and led the Qing soldiers into the country. The emblem was broken, and Jin Sheng and Jiang Tianyi were captured and killed. When Jin Sheng fought against the Qing Dynasty, Huizhou scholars and people all responded and took part in the battle. After the fall of Huizhou, he went to Fujian with his teacher. When he left she, he and his good friend Cheng Shoukui separated from Xianggong lake. Then he crossed Hangzhou by water and arrived at Fuzhou. In 1646, at the age of 37, in the third year of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (bingxu), after the death of the Ming Dynasty, he entered Wuyishan and lived in Tianyou peak for one year. "And Cheng ero'an" book says: "into Wuyi, Tianyou the most successful place, do not know the taste of salt and a year." It can be seen that he did not convert to the monk temple at this time. In 1647, at the age of 38, in the fourth year of Shunzhi (Ding Hai) of the Qing Dynasty, he became a monk in Wuyishan. He converted to the Zen master of ancient channel boat, and began to use the name of Hongren, which was called Jianjiang. In 1649, he returned to Huangshan from Wuyi at the age of 40. She was 42 years old in the eighth year of Shunzhi (Xinmao) of the Qing Dynasty in 1651, and was already in she county. The title of the volume of "ge'an mountain and water combined with brocade painting" is "Jianjiang scholar is Mr. Yu Ru. Xinmao. " Yuru is a kind of square jade with the character of Yuru. She county people in Yanzhen are good at poetry and painting. On the axis of the painting of lonely pines on a cliff, it is inscribed "Xin Mao, Xiao Chun, Jian Jiang, Hong Ren." This picture is the first one that can be seen at present, which has a definite date and also bears the name of "Jian Jiang Hong Ren". In the twelfth lunar month, the axis of the painting "landscape painting of weitingnang" is inscribed: "Xinmao is in the twelfth lunar month, and it is about bodingxiang residents. Gradually River monk In 1652, he was 43 years old in the ninth year of Shunzhi (Renchen) of the Qing Dynasty. In September, he stayed in Bixia Taoist temple in Xuancheng, Anhui Province. He painted the volume of "the picture of Lu Pu on the bamboo bank" with the title: "the disordered Huang Cong reed is full of Qingliu, I remember the southern egret state. I look for the trace to HaoDuan, and I am indifferent to the sand gull. In September, Renchen stayed in Bixia Taoist temple. He drew a picture of it and wrote it. The story of Hongren in Jianjiang. " This picture is now in the Museum of hirogu, Izumiya, Japan. The picture shows the scene of Egret Island in Nanjing. According to the poetic meaning of the painting, when he visited Bailuzhou in Nanjing and stayed in Bixia Taoist temple in Xuancheng, he painted it by memory. In 1655, at the age of 46, he painted fans in the District Lake (now Wuhu). The title of "imitating Wang mengduan's mountain and water fan" is: "I see Wang mengduan's pamphlet occasionally. I use it to describe the meaning. I send it to Longchao, a resident, Yiwei, puyue, Mingke District Lake. Gradually River monk Puyue refers to the May of the lunar calendar, and District Lake is Wuhu. Hongren was in Wuhu in May of this year. In 1656, when he was 47 years old in the 13th year of Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty (bingshen), he painted the volume of "pine stone painting". In March, he wrote the painting of willow color after rain in Shexian county and sent it to Wu Xianzhi, with the title: "after rain, the sound of cuckoo is urgent. Can you feel the late spring? Flowers are not tired of singing, pine wind can also comfort the night morning. He is a freehand calligrapher in Fengxi bookstore. In March of bingshen, jianjiangren The lower seal is round with "Hongren". This picture is now in Shanghai Museum. In the same month, he wrote the painting of spring dusk and spring in chengguanxuan, Wuming temple, Shexian county. At the end of spring, he wrote the axis of painting landscape for his uncle. In August, he also made the axis of the cliff water map. This year, I visited Huangshan Mountain and came back to live in Fengxi. Draw the axis of "cloud root painting of Danshi". This year, his most outstanding surviving work is the existing axis of the stone wall painting of Songxi in Tianjin Art Museum, with the title of "the painting of scholars in Jianjiang, sent to Bo Xing, a resident." On the lower left side of the stone wall is the seal character "bingshen" with a long inscription of "Jiaolu Shanchang" on the side. In addition, the painting volume of three sections of mountains and rivers was drawn with the painting method of "Yuan Si Jia". In the first section of the painting, Ni Yunlin's method was used, in the middle section, Huang Gongwang's method and Wu Zhen's method were used, and in the last section, Wang Meng's method was used. On the stone wall at the lower right of the picture, the seal character "bingshen" is written. At the beginning of the volume, there is a long title "preface to Jian Gong's painting", and at the end of the volume, there is a title of Tang Yan's growth, all of which are important materials for the study of Hongren. He also made the landscape painting of Ni Zan. In 1657, in the fourteenth year of the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (Ding you), at the age of 48, he sat in the Taoyuan thatched cottage in Shexian county to draw the axis of "momei". The last question is " Ding Youchun, sitting in Taoyuan thatched cottage, plays freehand brushwork for Xiuji residents and writes Xu chaoyoumei's poems. Jianjiang learned from Hongren. " Under the seal "Jian Jiang" left white right Zhu Wen printed side. Draw the book "perfume hall". The painting was sent to the monk Zongxuan. Gradually River monk On the axis of the painting of Shi Zhu Zhai, the title is: "the shadow of the window shakes the trees, and the shadow of the wall carries a peak. Morning rain thin cold, lonely spirit. For this reason, the meaning and Cen Jiazhou Yiju are combined. Ding you in September, Jianjiang monk Ren At the end of the volume, the stone wall at the bottom left is printed with the words "Ding you" in regular script and "Hong Ren" in seal. This scroll is 16.7 cm in length and 696 cm in width. Now in Shanghai Museum. In 1658, at the age of 49, he was still in suhuiying temple in Nanjing. Draw the axis of plum blossom Pavilion. At the end of winter, it was in Xuancheng. He painted the book of fufu. In April, he drew the axis of "imitating Lu Tian's mountain tour" with the title: "Jian Jiang scholars imitate Lu Tian's painting style. April of 1898. " In December, in Xuancheng's painting "landscape plum blossom", there are ten pages of paintings, each with "Hongren" and "Jianjiang" seals, and the inscription on page 11: "Xuedun towel bottle in fufu.". But when the snow filled, boat East glue astringent. He lived in the house by pyrene. If you are trapped by a stiff servant, you will be spared. Soon he Dan will be returned to the mountain, Linqi he frozen rate painting, then into ten volumes. It's used to teach, and it's also used to be a Buddhist. In the 1898 movement of 1898, jiapingyue was gradually promoted to Hongren There are two seals on the lower seal, one round Zhu seal "Hongren", and one side white seal "Jianjiang". The atlas is now in Anhui Provincial Museum. In the same month, on the axis of the painting "plum house pine spring", the title: "plum house pine spring. In 1898 Jiaping wrote Zhu Hanweng. Hongren. " In 1659, he was 50 years old in the 16th year of the reign of emperor Shunzhi (the reign of emperor Jihai) of the Qing Dynasty. He was still in Xuancheng Bay on the first day of the year, and drew the axis of the painting plum blossom bookstore. In March, I went back to Shexian county and stayed in Xiyuan to work on the axis of Xiyuan sitting in the rain. In September, he went to Mount Huangshan Yungu temple and wrote the volume of the picture of Qingquan washing inkstones, with the title: "the picture of Qingquan washing inkstones. In September of the year of Jihai, the cloud valley of hanging single mountain is a place where you are happy to meet the Duke of Che and respect your teacher. It was recorded and taught. He said, "I'm a great man." Yungu temple is still in existence in Huangshan. In September of this year, I visited Huangshan and lived in Yungu temple. He also wrote a small volume of "ink landscape" and an axis of "Lin Quan Chun Mu Tu". On the axis of the painting of plum blossom thatched cottage, the title of the painting is "more than a month after the reign of Jihai, written by Jianjiang scholars in Renyi Buddhist Academy." word. In the long scroll of mountains and rivers, which is collected by Heichuan Institute of ancient culture in Japan, there is the word "Jihai" at the bottom left, with the seal of "Jianjiang monk". It was also made this year. In 1660, he was 51 years old in the 17th year of Shunzhi (gengzi) of the Qing Dynasty. In this year, he mostly made long rolls and giant shafts, and made many exquisite works. Most of the huge paintings are in chengguanxuan. Spring, in Fengxi, Shexian County, painted ten pages of Fengxi landscape, with the last page of the book titled "gengzi spring, recorded in Jieshi bookstore". Hongren. In the book of poetry of the Tang Dynasty, there are 20 frames. Each frame is written with a poem of the Tang Dynasty. At the end of the book, I know: "gengzi is not in trouble in spring. If you have a plain book, you can read the poem of the Tang Dynasty occasionally, and choose it to be included in the painting. Jianjiang

Chinese PinYin : Hong Ren