Deng Enming

Deng Enming

Deng Enming (January 1901 April 5, 1931), also known as Enming, Zhongyao, Shui nationality, born in Libo, Guizhou Province, is a proletarian revolutionist and one of the founders of the Communist Party of China.

Deng Enming is one of the 13 representatives in the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China. He was once Secretary of Shandong provincial Party committee, and was the early organizer and leader of Shandong party organization. Later, he attended the second congress of the Communist Party of China as a representative.

In November 1920, Deng Enming, Wang Jinmei and others organized the "Lixin society" and founded the "Lixin" semimonthly. In January 1922, Deng Enming went to Moscow to attend the first Congress of the Communist parties and national revolutionary groups in the Far East, and was cordially received by Lenin. In February 1925, the general strike of Qingdao Jiaoji railway workers was launched. In April 1927, Deng Enming went to Wuhan to attend the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Later, he served as secretary of the Executive Committee of Shandong Province. In December 1928, Deng Enming was arrested and jailed in Jinan for betrayal. On April 5, 1931, Deng Enming and his comrades in arms were taken to the execution ground of Weiba road in Jinan, where they died at the age of 30.

On September 10, 2009, he was rated as one of the 100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China.

Life of the characters

He was born in shuipu village, Yuping Town, Libo County, Guizhou Province on January 5, 1901.

In 1915, when the patriotic movement against Japan and Yuan spread to Libo County, Deng Enming, who was concerned about the country and the people, took an active part in the movement and began to take part in the political movement.

In September 1917, Deng Enming left his hometown from Libo, Guizhou Province, and came to Jinan, Shandong Province, where he took refuge with his uncle Huang Zepei, who was a county official in Shandong Province (Huang Zepei's father, formerly Deng Jinchen, was a brother of Deng Jinting, Deng Enming's grandfather, and his family name was changed to Huang when he was a child).

In October 1917, with the support of his relatives in Shandong, Deng Enming was admitted to Jinan provincial No.1 middle school.

After the outbreak of the May 4th Movement in 1919, Deng Enming was elected as the leader of the student autonomy Association and head of the publishing department. He edited the school newspaper and organized students to take part in the strike movement. During the student movement, Deng Enming and Wang Jinmei, the student leader of Jinan provincial first normal university, became close revolutionary comrades at first sight.

In November 1920, Deng Enming, Wang Jinmei and others organized the "Lixin society" and founded the "Lixin" semimonthly. At the end of 1920, Deng Enming initiated the establishment of the Research Society of Marxist theory in Jinan.

In 1921, the Jinan Communist group was born on the basis of the Marxist Theory Research Association. In July of the same year, Deng Enming and Wang Jinmei went to Shanghai to attend the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China. After returning to Shandong after the meeting, Deng Enming and others formed the Shandong Branch of the Communist Party of China, and Deng Enming served as a member of the Shandong Branch of the Communist Party of China.

In January 1922, Deng Enming went to Moscow to attend the first Congress of the Communist parties and national revolutionary groups in the Far East, and was cordially received by Lenin.

In 1923, Deng Enming came to Qingdao to carry out revolutionary activities. Centering on Sifang machine factory and yarn factory, he set up night schools for workers to spread Marxism. Deng Enming trained and led more than 30 activists of Sifang machinery plant to secretly organize trade union, and more than 800 workers of the plant joined the trade union. With the efforts of Deng Enming, the CPC organization was quickly established in Qingdao. Deng Enming successively served as secretary of Qingdao branch directly under the CPC and Secretary of Qingdao municipal Party committee.

In February 1925, internal strife broke out at the top of the Jiaoji Railway Bureau. Deng Enming took advantage of this opportunity to launch a general strike for Qingdao Jiaoji railway workers. After nine days of struggle, the Jiaoji Railway Bureau was forced to agree to the conditions put forward by the workers, and the strike won a major victory. From April to July, Deng Enming and the Qingdao party organization of the Communist Party of China launched three strikes against Japanese cotton mill workers, and organized the establishment of Qingdao Federation of all walks of life and Qingdao Federation of trade unions. In August, Deng Enming was transferred to the Shandong Regional Committee of the Communist Party of China as secretary, leading the workers' movement and farmers' movement in Shandong Province. In November, the Shandong Regional Committee of the Communist Party of China was destroyed, and Deng Enming was arrested and imprisoned by the Northern Warlords. Later, due to the deterioration of lung disease in prison, the underground party organization of the Communist Party of China tried to rescue him and was able to go on bail for medical treatment.

From June to July 1926, Deng Enming secretly returned to Qingdao, Shandong Province, to preside over the work of the CPC Qingdao Municipal Committee. At this time, Deng Enming was still wanted by the northern warlords, and his activities were restricted, but the party's organization and activities were quickly restored.

In April 1927, Deng Enming went to Wuhan to attend the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China and gave a lecture at the "Peasant Movement Institute" held by Mao Zedong to introduce the situation of Shandong labor movement and peasant movement.

On January 19, 1929, Deng Enming returned to Jinan from Zibo Mining Area. Due to the rebellion of Wang Fuyuan and Wang Yongzhang, Deng Enming was arrested and jailed again in Jinan.

On April 5, 1931, Deng Enming and his comrades in arms were taken to the execution ground of Weiba road in Jinan, where they died at the age of 30.

Main achievements

Lofty ideal

In 1918, Deng Enming was admitted to Jinan provincial No.1 middle school and began to read new youth, new trend and other publications. His thought had a great leap forward. When the May 4th Movement broke out in 1919, Deng Enming was particularly outstanding in the student movement in Jinan. His patriotism and organizational ability were unanimously recognized by the students, and he was elected as the head of the student autonomy Association and head of the publishing department.

During his study in No.1 middle school, Deng Enming was eager to learn new knowledge, and Qilu publishing house was the place he often visited. Here, Deng Enming read a lot of books and magazines about the Soviet revolution and the promotion of Marxism, and met a group of like-minded partners, among whom Wang Jinmei is one. This group of teenagers grew up in constant learning and communication, and organized and established the "cominist society" (Communist society). In order to better publicize Marxism and widely absorb revolutionary youth, Deng Enming and Wang Jinmei established Lixin society in November 1920 and published Lixin semimonthly. In 1921, when the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held, Deng Enming was recommended to attend the conference as a representative of Jinan, becoming the smallest and only representative of ethnic minorities.

Deng's attitude towards revolution is to persist in the end without turning back. In May and November 1925, Deng Enming was twice arrested and put into prison. Although he was rescued by the organization and his family, he suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis and cervical lymphatic tuberculosis due to the hard environment and years of running. Even though he was seriously ill, even though his family objected repeatedly, as long as he was slightly better, Deng Enming devoted himself to the work of the party again.

Revolutionary activities

On the evening of January 7, 1929, Deng en Ming rushed to Jinan from Zibo Mining Area and came to an alley along Weiyi road in Shangbu. He met Comrade Yu Xiu, who was in charge of the secret liaison work of the party. He said, "Wang Fuyuan defected to the enemy. He knows your identity and your current activities. Now the situation is urgent. You must leave here immediately, not later than tomorrow morning." And asked Yu Xiu to destroy the important documents immediately. Yu Xiu wanted Deng to move with him, but Deng refused. In order to protect and resettle a large number of revolutionary forces in Jinan, Deng Enming chose the former in the face of others' safety and personal life and death. On January 9, unfortunately, he fell into the hands of the enemy.

At first, although Deng Enming tried cruelly for many times, it was not exposed. He took the initiative to lead the prison struggle, organized the establishment of a prison Party branch, and organized and planned the prison struggle. After carefully analyzing the situation with the prison party members, Deng Enming organized two prison breaks. In the second prison break on the night of July 21, under the command of Deng Enming, the poor friends controlled the two gates in a planned way and launched a fierce fight with the enemy. The poor friends waited for the opportunity to rush into the street and evacuate separately. Due to his heavy punishment, weakness and difficulty in movement, Deng Enming was captured by the enemy and sent to death row.

After being arrested and put into prison, Deng Enming gritted his teeth in the face of torture. In prison, he also led two hunger strikes and organized two prison break struggles, which enabled some comrades to get out of danger.

Main Poems

In August 1931, the Kuomintang reactionary authorities sentenced Deng to death on the charge of "intending to subvert the national government". Before his death, Deng endures his illness and writes a poem entitled farewell to his mother

In the thirty-first year of life, I can't wait for my ambition;

I will die first and then comfort Jiuquan again and again.

Social service

In January 1922, Deng Enming went to Moscow to attend the first Congress of the Communist parties and national revolutionary groups in the Far East held by the Communist International, and was cordially received by Lenin. At the end of the same year, Deng Enming went to Qingdao to establish a party organization. He successively served as secretary of Qingdao branch directly under the CPC and Secretary of Qingdao municipal Party committee.

In June 1926, he secretly returned to Qingdao again and served as secretary of the CPC Qingdao Municipal Committee.

In April 1927, Deng Enming went to Wuhan to attend the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. After returning to Shandong, he served as secretary of the Shandong Provincial Executive Committee of the Communist Party of China.

Character life

Family background

Grandfather: Deng Jinting

Father: Deng guocong

Cousin: Huang Youyun

Second uncle: Huang Zepei (Huang Zepei's father, formerly Deng Jinchen, was the brother of Deng Jinting, Deng Enming's grandfather. He was adopted to his aunt's family as a child and changed his surname to "Huang")

Nephew: Deng bifei, Deng Bilin

Niece and granddaughter: Deng Qingmei

Deng Enming's ancestral home is Meijiang district, Meizhou city. According to the epitaph of Deng Peizhang, the Kaiji ancestor of the Deng family in Libo, and his wife Jin laotaijun, Deng Peizhang, the Kaiji ancestor of the Deng family in Libo, came to Libo from the "great secret agreement of luoyibao, Meizhou, Guangdong". The tomb of Deng Peizhang in Shuixi village, Jiuqian Town, Libo was built in 1809, the 14th year of Jiaqing period in Qing Dynasty. On the stele, there are children, grandchildren and great grandchildren

Chinese PinYin : Deng En Ming