Xu you
Xu you
Xu you (about 2323-2244 BC), the word Wuzhong. Huaili, Yangcheng (now Dengfeng, Henan Province), is the ancestor of Xu. Now Jishan of Dengfeng City, Henan Province and Yanling County of Xuchang City in Yingshui River Basin are the birthplaces of the surname Xu. During the reign of Emperor Yao, the tribes of Xu family lived in Dengfeng, Xuchang, Yuzhou, Ruzhou, Changge and Yanling.
According to the biography of Gao Shi by huangfumi of Jin Dynasty, "Xu you, with the word Wuzhong, is a native of Huaili in Yangcheng". Huaili in Yangcheng is located in Jishan, Dengfeng City, Henan Province.
Xu you was buried in Jishan after his death, so Jishan is also called Xu you Shan. Sima Qian once said in biographies of Boyi in historical records: "Yu dengji mountain is covered with Xu you's tomb cloud." And "Taiping Yulan" quoted "Xizheng Ji" as saying: "the city of Xuchang is where Xu you lives.". In today's Dengfeng, Xuchang, Yuzhou and Yanling counties of Henan Province, along the Yinghe River Basin, there are still many legends about Xu you, and a large number of relics about Xu you are preserved.
Character experience
Xu you, a writer of Xu Yao, was named Wuzhong and Daokai. It is said that Emperor Yao knew that he was virtuous and wanted to give up the throne to him. He refused and fled to Jishan (now Dengfeng in Henan Province) to farm and eat. Emperor Yao also asked him to be the governor of Jiuzhou. He went to Yingshui to wash his ears and said he didn't want to hear these secular words. In later generations, Xu you and his contemporaries were called Chaoyou or Chaoxu to refer to those who lived in seclusion. The story of Yao and Shun's abdication, as the earliest model of democratic thought, has become an eternal beauty. Therefore, Xu you has become one of the earliest famous hermits in ancient China. It is said that he had been a teacher of Yao, Shun and Yu, so later generations also called him "three generations of master". Xu you is the first ancestor of Xu's surname, and Xu Chang in Jishan and Yingshui valley of Dengfeng is the birthplace of Xu's surname. Yao emperor granted it as "the God of Jishan mountain, which is a food for the five mountains and is worshipped by later generations.". Xu you was a sage in Yao and Shun times.
Main experience
Xu you has been working in the fields since he was a child. He does not work for the interests of the world. He stresses morality, abides by the rules, does not eat evil food, and does not sit in evil seats. In summer, they build nests on trees, and in winter they dig kilns to live. Eat mountain fruit, drink river water, and no arms, hand and drink. When Emperor Yao was 86 years old (2287 BC), he felt very old. His son, Danzhu, was unworthy of him. He didn't want to miss the world because he loved his son. It was said that Xu you was lofty and ambitious, so he sent people to seek virtue and abdicate to the throne. Xu you said: "every man is determined to be as firm as a rock. He picks mountains and drinks rivers to cultivate his sentiment, not for wealth; he indulges in leisure, not for greed.". When Yao learned that Xu you had not lightly changed his ambition, he called on him. Xu you still refused to say, "I'm old and I don't need much. I'd better be a subject." So he fled to Jishan Yingshui for farming and eating. After Xu Jiuzhou sent for him to be the director of the Department. After hearing this, he was even more worried. He rushed to Yingshui to wash his ears with water, so he lived in seclusion in the mountains, never for fame and wealth, and died on the top of Jishan mountain. After the Han Dynasty, Xu you was worshipped from generation to generation by the five sacred mountains, and Ma Qian, the Taishi company, once came to pay homage to him. Xu you was listed as a benevolent person in qianhanshu. The book of Jin praises: "in the past, Xu you let the emperor be precious, and the villains of the market fought for half the money.".
Related stories
It is said that Emperor Yao asked him for advice many times, but later he wanted to pass the throne to him, which was severely rejected by him. He fled to Jishan in Dengfeng and lived in seclusion. He was no longer willing to communicate with the secular society. Emperor Yao sent someone to find him and wanted him to be the governor of Kyushu. He ran to Yingshui to wash his ears and said he didn't want to listen to such words. Xu you won the respect of later generations for his noble virtue of indifference to fame and wealth, so he was regarded as the originator of hermits. Xunzi, a thinker in the Warring States period, once praised and said, "Xu you is good at writing, and he attaches importance to justice rather than benefit." Xu you is highly respected by the tribe for his noble character and excellent intelligence. Tang Yao, the leader of the tribal alliance, felt that he was old. He went around looking for a sage, found Xu you, and decided to give up the world to him. Xu you thought he was inferior to Yu Shun in virtue and talent. He was worried that some of Tang Yao's sons would not agree with him, which would lead to civil strife, Miss state affairs, and make the people suffer. So he eloped to Jishan and lived in seclusion overnight. He works at sunrise and stops at sunset, living a life of self farming and self feeding. One day, he grazed along the mountain and came to the foot of the mountain in the northwest of Jishan. When he saw the beautiful scenery, abundant grass, luxuriant trees, and fertile soil, a farmer was plowing, and he said happily, "this is the fertile land of cattle." After hearing this, the farmer thought it was reasonable, so he called it Niutian village. Later, with continuous development, three natural villages, shangniutian, xianiutian and zhongniutian, were formed. There is a steep hill on the opposite side of Xuyou cave, with luxuriant flowers and plants and green trees. Standing on the top of the mountain and looking to the west, Jishan is winding and rolling, stretching for hundreds of miles. Near the peak towering precipitous, verdant, Sha is charming. Xu you often comes here in the morning and evening to enjoy the beautiful scenery and praise the beautiful rivers and mountains. Because he often wanders around here, people call it mountain tour. Later, Tang Yao heard that Xu you lived in seclusion in Qishan, and sent someone to ask him to be the governor of Kyushu. After the messenger conveyed Tang Yao's will, he earnestly advised him to take office immediately. Xu you thought that he could be a good citizen rather than a high official, so he decided not to take up the post. He went to the river at the foot of the mountain to wash his ears and said he didn't want to listen. This river is the clear and bright Xier river.
Historical records
According to the biography of Gao Shi by Emperor Fumi of Jin Dynasty, "Xu you, whose name is Wu Zhong, is a native of Huaili in Yangcheng". The location of Huaili in Yangcheng is located in Jishan, Dengfeng City, Henan Province. Xu you was buried in Jishan after his death, so Jishan is also called Xu you Shan. Sima Qian once said in biographies of Boyi in historical records: "Yu dengji mountain is covered with Xu you's tomb cloud." And "Taiping Yulan" quoted "Xizheng Ji" as saying: "the city of Xuchang is where Xu you lives.". In Dengfeng City, Xuchang City, Yuzhou City and Yanling County of Henan Province, along the Yinghe River Basin, there are many legends about Xu you, and a large number of relics about Xu you are preserved. Yan shigu of Tang Dynasty said in the note of Ji Jiu Pian: "Xu's family, after Xu you." Wen Tianxiang of the Southern Song Dynasty said in the preface to the preliminary revision of Xu's genealogy in Wuyun xiazao: "according to Xu's family name, you can freely hide Xu, so you can take it as your surname. Today, there is a place where you were buried in Jishan, Xuzhou Facts show that Xu you is the ancestor of the Xu family, and Jishan in Dengfeng and Yanling County in Yingshui valley are the ancestral places of the Xu family. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, after King Wu of Zhou visited the three emperors and five emperors, he was granted a sacrifice. After he found Emperor Yan, Jiang Wenshu, the grandson of four Yue Boyi, granted him a baron in xudi (now Henan). In the spring and Autumn period, the state of Xu was forced by Zheng, Chu and other countries. In 506 B.C., it moved to Rongcheng (now Southeast of Lushan County, Henan Province). At the beginning of the Warring States period, when it came to yuangongjie, the monarch, it was destroyed by the state of Chu (it was said that it was destroyed by Wei). In order to commemorate the country, the descendants took the name of the country as their surname, and formed a group of residents with the surname of Xu. This is what the book of the new Tang Dynasty says: "the surname of Xu comes from the surname Jiang. After Emperor Yan's grandson Boyi, King Wu of Zhou granted his descendant sun Wenshu to Xu. Later, he thought that he was the heir of Taiyue. He was defeated by Chu in Yuangong and moved to Rongcheng. His descendants were scattered and took the state as his surname. In order to commemorate their homeland, some of the people of the state of Xu took the name of the state of Xu as their surname, which became another important source of the early surname of Xu and another reason for the surname of Xu.
Chinese PinYin : Xu You
Xu you
