Zhou Qingyun

Zhou Qingyun

Zhou Qingyun, male, was a general inspector of stele biography in Qing Dynasty (1866-1934). Jingxing, Xiangling, Mengpo, is a native of Nanxun, Wuxing, Zhejiang Province. In the seventh year of Guangxu (1881) of the Qing Dynasty, the scholar was later granted Yongkang education and Zhili Zhizhou education with tribute, but he did not take office. Nanxun rich, young business silk, salt, mining and other industries. He was the general manager of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai salt court. He invested in the construction of the Suzhou Hangzhou railway in the past 31 years and strongly opposed borrowing money from British businessmen and selling the right of way. In 1913, tianzhang silk weaving factory was set up in Hangzhou to compete with foreign goods. In 1925, in order to boycott the import of Japanese salt, Wuhe refined salt company was established in Pudong, Shanghai, and Changxing coal mine was invested. He died in Shanghai in 1933.

Life

Zhou Qingyun was a scholar in the seventh year of Guangxu period (1881). Later, he was granted the Yongkang County Education and instruction by tributary and Zhili Prefecture magistrate by way of example, but he did not take up his post. From then on, he abandoned his studies and went to Jia. He followed his father's line of work and took Xianghe as his usual name. In 1884, Zhou Shentai's gang hoarding of silk failed and almost went bankrupt, so he closed down. The chef decided to give up silk and assist Zhang's salt business. He became Zhang Songxian's right-hand assistant and became a close relative. Guangxu 33 years (1907) was the most powerful Jiaxing Suojia business. During the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Songjiang and Jiaxing were divided into four groups, each with one member. The candidates were recommended by the salt merchants and reported to the government for the record. The matters concerning transportation and marketing, class completion and rectification were all handled by the merchants. At the beginning of the Republic of China, in order to safeguard their common interests and make it easy to contact the government, the Salt Merchants Association of Suzhou, Songjiang, Taicang, Changzhou and Zhenjiang was established in Shanghai and elected as the president. In 1920 (1921), Zhou Qingyun, the chairman of the association, became an authoritative figure among salt merchants in Hangzhou. He has a set of effective management methods for salt farms and salt mines in Daishan and other places, and is familiar with the history of salt administration. He has written 100 volumes of general annals of salt law and a volume of a brief account of Dai salt, leaving valuable historical materials for China's salt administration. Zhou was a famous national capitalist in modern times. In 1905, he actively supported and invested in the establishment of Zhejiang railway company initiated by Tang Shouqian and Liu Jinzao. He took part in the movement of refusing money and protecting roads in Zhejiang Province. He opposed the Qing government's selling the right of way by borrowing money from Britain. He supported Tang Shouqian and Liu Jinzao's proposal of self financing to build the Suzhou Hangzhou Ningbo railway and achieved success. In 1907, he sponsored and invested in the establishment of Zhejiang Industrial Bank in Hangzhou by Zhejiang railway company. In 1918, he invested in the Shanghai Stock Exchange, which was founded by Zhang Jingjiang and Yu qiaqing. In order to revitalize the silk industry, tianzhang silk weaving factory was established in Hangzhou in 1913, Hulin silk company was established, Xiulun and housheng silk weaving factories were established in Jiaxing, and model silk factory was established in Huzhou in 1920. He also initiated and invested in the mining of Changxing coal mine and iron mine (according to the tieguanjing in Bianshan, ximenwai, Huzhou, in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China). In order to promote home appliance lighting, we invested in xunzhen electric lamp Co., Ltd., which is jointly established by Nanxun and Zhenze. In 1925, in order to resist Japanese refined salt dumping on Chinese market, he set up Wuhe refined salt company in Pudong, Shanghai. Zhou also set up schools, such as Xunxi academy, reforming the old imperial examination school, and running west Zhejiang Wuwu school for the children of salt industry. After the Republic of China, a salt primary school was set up in zhuoyiexiang, Hangzhou. Later, it was developed into a salt middle school in Meidong Gaoqiao, where it was funded by Nanxun middle school and served as a school manager. I like poetry, calligraphy and painting, cultural relics, book collection and writing. Wu Changshuo, a calligrapher and painter of gold and stone, and Shen Taoyuan, Zhu guzheng, Wang Wenru, a sinologist, were his guests. With the dust and dirt of the market, he set his mind on the landscape. Chaoshan and Moganshan have different industries. He wrote many travel notes, including a volume of TIANRI travel notes, a volume of Jingjiang's life avoiding notes, and a volume of Tangshan's diaries. There are 4 volumes of Xihu Lingfeng Temple annals, 13 volumes of Moganshan annals, and 4 volumes of Xixi qiuxue'an annals. The larger one is the annals of town proposed by Li people at the beginning of the Republic of China. Zhou Xiangling was in charge of it. In 1922, he printed 60 volumes of Nanxun annals and attached one volume of Nanlin Zuoxiu annals. The scope and content are more substantial after Wang annals, but duannian is the end of Xuantong. In addition, he did some praiseworthy deeds. In the first year of Xuantong (1909), he planted 300 plum trees for Lingfeng in the West Lake. He used the landscape of "exploring plum trees in Lingfeng" painted by Yang Jiaoyin in fuxianfeng. Later, he built a plum Pavilion in Chaoshan to highlight cultural relics and increase tourism landscape. In 1927, he founded a lung disease sanatorium in Moganshan. His nephew Zhou Jun, the permanent president of the hospital, expanded the historical sites of Jianchi, and inscribed the word "Jianchi" on the cliff. He also built Xixi and Zhejiang CI poets' ancestral temple, Lin'an Jichuan bridge, Ningbo Tiantong Linglong rock Scripture, etc., and Wenlan Pavilion in Hangzhou county collected Siku Quanshu, which was incomplete by soldiers. Zhou Xiangling and other scholars wrote more than 4400 volumes of Wenjin edition, and the missing volume was complete. Therefore, there was a volume of supplementary copy of Wenlan Pavilion que volume record. Zhou's works include eight volumes of abridged edition of the new history of Taixi, eighteen volumes of xunya, forty volumes of xunxi Shizheng, one volume of xunxi Shizheng supplement, two volumes of xunxi cizheng, sixteen volumes of xunxi Wenzheng, sixteen volumes of biographies of CI poets in Liangzhe, twelve volumes of mengposhihuogu series, seven volumes of Jinyu impression rubbings, seven volumes of inkstone rubbings collected in mengposhi, and stone rubbings of dongmadame Jingta . He studied Guqin in 50 years, and has many works, such as Qin history, bu Qin history, Qin Shu Cun mu, Le Shu Cun mu, Qin Cao Cun mu, etc. There are 469 volumes of 45 kinds of mengposhi series by Zhou. In 1933, Zhou Qingyun died of illness at his residence in Shanghai, aged 70.

be good at

Zhou Qingyun is good at calligraphy, painting and stone, and has a rich collection. Spring and autumn good day, often about friends to hold an elegant collection, drawing chant. He edited and printed more than 30 kinds of ancient books on gold, stone, seals and seals, and obtained ancient series in Mengpo room, with rich quality. He was able to write poems and poems, intercropped plum and bamboo, and dotted the landscape. He did not paint much. He was elegant and elegant. He was between Li Tanyuan (Liufang) and Cheng Qingxi (Liao). In calligraphy, Liu Gongquan was the first to learn the steles of Han Dynasty and Northern Wei Dynasty. After 50 years, he learned from Chu Liaoliang and changed his mind. Sixty years later, Xiaokai was particularly refined. It went back to Jin Dynasty from Tang Dynasty, and got its strength from the scholars who wrote scriptures in Tang Dynasty.

work

He once, together with Zhang Zongxiang, presided over the supplementary copying of 4400 volumes of Sikuquanshu. He also founded chenfenglu to investigate, study, repair and arrange some places of interest in Zhejiang Province. His works include song Meiting in Chaoshan, Hangzhou, ancestral hall of CI poets in Xixi, Hangzhou, Jichuan bridge in Lin'an, Linglong stone Sutra in Tiantong, Ningbo, etc. He has 45 kinds of Mengpo series and 100 volumes of general records of Chinese salt law. There are also Mengpo poetry, Nanxun chronicles, Moganshan chronicles, huogu series, Mengpo treasure inkstone rubbings, Qin history, Buqin history, Xixi qiuke'an chronicles, biographies of CI poets in Zhejiang and other dynasties. I love literature and history, calligraphy and painting, cultural relics, book collection and writing all my life. He has close contacts with Wu Changshuo, Shen Taoyuan, Zhu guzheng and Wang Wenru. After entering the Republic of China, many ancient books of Jiangsu and Zhejiang collectors came out. He devoted himself to buying them. He didn't care much about the editions. He gathered many practical books, such as finance and economics, salt law, Qin score, CI and Qu, Jinshi and so on. The library, named "chenfenglu" and "mengposhi", has collected more than 50000 volumes and 20000 volumes. Zhang Taiyan said in the epitaph of junxiangling in Wu Xing Zhou: "since the family has given enough, they have collected more than 100000 volumes of books. They are good at identifying bronzes and have won most of the ancient Yi, so they are gongzhuan Li.". He has compiled six volumes of chenfenglu bibliography and collected Guqin and Qinshu, which is the first in Jiangnan. It has compiled six volumes of Qinshu cunmu, two volumes of Qinshu bielu and four volumes of qincao cunmu, and recorded 855 ancient music scores. There is one volume of "synopsis of music scores collected by Mengpo room", which is mostly a copy and a Ming edition. It took three years to copy Siku Quanshu from Wenjin Pavilion in Beiping, and ended in 1926. There were 210 kinds of Siku Quanshu from Wenlan Pavilion in Hangzhou, including one volume of supplement to the record of Wenlan Pavilion. He edited and engraved "chenfenglu series", "mengposhihuogu series" and so on. His works include Qin Shi Bu, Qin Shi Xu, Meng Po Shi Wen, Nan Xun Zhi, Mo Gan Shan Zhi, biographies of CI poets in Zhejiang and Zhejiang, Xixi Qiu Xue An Zhi, jieben Tai Xi Xin Shi LAN Yao, Meng Po Shi Huo Gu congbian, Meng Po Shi Cang Yan rubbings, Xun Xi Ci Zheng, Xun Xi Wen Zheng, Xun Xi Shi Zheng, Xun ya, etc.

evaluate

Zhang Taiyan's epitaph of the age of Junxiang in Wu Xing Zhou states: "since the family has given enough, they have collected more than 100000 volumes of books. They are good at distinguishing bronzes and have won most of the ancient Yi, so they are gong Zhuan Li.". He also said: "in the Qing Dynasty, there were also quite a number of outstanding people who liked guests, stored pictures and histories, bought wine and Fu, and accumulated them into other collections. They regarded them as different from the common customs, and those who wrote articles despised them. They said that they were rich in money, and most of their books were written by hand without any effect. In my life, there are Wu Xing and Zhou Zi.

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Qing Yun