Brandt

Brandt

Bai Lang (1873-august 1914), a native of daliuzhuang, Baofeng, Henan Province, was a famous leader of the peasant uprising army during the reign of the Northern Warlords. In 1912, Bai Lang launched an armed uprising against Yuan Shikai. By using tactics such as avoiding the real and attacking the false, attacking the East and the west, quick mobility, long-distance attack, surprise and so on, the uprising army transferred to the five provinces of Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Shaanxi and Gansu, and successively fought with more than 200000 people of the northern warlords, which dealt a heavy blow to the rule of the Northern Warlords. At the beginning of August 1914, Bai Lang was killed at the age of 41 in the battle with the Beiyang army in Shizhuang, Lushan.

Biography of characters

In April 1913, the uprising army led by Bai Lang conquered Yu county and put forward the slogan of "fighting against the rich and helping the poor". The team expanded rapidly, conquering Xinye County, Deng county and suixian County in Hubei Province, and then returned to the north to occupy Tang County, Fangcheng county and Lushi County in Henan Province. From West Henan to East in November. In January 1914, he crossed the Beijing Han railway, took Shangcheng, Gushi, Guangshan and other places, conquered Lu'an and Huoshan in Anhui Province, and then returned to the south of Henan Province, causing great panic of imperialism and Yuan Shikai. In February, imperialists such as Russia, the United States, Britain and France sent military personnel to Xinyang and other places to "watch the war", and tsarist Russia even sent planes to bomb. Yuan Shikai sent Duan Qirui, the General Commander of the army, to put together 200000 troops to carry out the siege. The uprising army, avoiding its main force, broke through the siege and went west on February 27. On March 8, it captured Laohekou, an important town in Western Hubei, and annihilated more than 2000 enemies. A military meeting was held here and decided to go west to Shaanxi and Gansu, and then enter Sichuan. At this time, there were more than ten thousand people in the uprising army, known as the "citizens' begging army". Bai Lang, in the name of the governor of Dadu, called it far and near, denouncing Yuan Shikai's rule as "God's traitor dominating the government, and people's morale was not popular. Although he was named a republic, he implemented autocracy." The uprising army approached Xi'an in early April through Wuguan, Longju village and Shang county. In May, the uprising army broke its tail and chased yuan's army into Shaanxi, entered Gansu in the west, broke minzhou (now Minxian county) and Taozhou (now Linzhang), and then went east to conquer Qinzhou (today's water) and returned to Henan along the Weihe River. Due to the absence of a base area and long-term mobile operations, the troops were consumed too much, so they moved to scattered activities. In August, he took more than 100 people back to Baofeng. He was surrounded by tiger and wolf climbing mountains. He was shot and injured when breaking through the encirclement and died soon. The army broke up and the uprising failed.

Character origin

Bai Lang (1873-1914) was born in 1873 (the 12th year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty) in a peasant family in Daliu village, Baofeng County, Henan Province. Lang is not tall, slightly hunched, forthright, sociable, and fond of helping poor people. As a child, he studied for more than a year and worked as a farmer. His family is weak and often bullied by the landlords in his village.

Life experience

In 1908, Bai Lang was falsely accused by Wang Qi, the landlord of the village, and was released after selling 100 mu of land to bribe officials. Later, he took his own horses to a horse team in Yu County. Xuan returned because of blackmail. When he arrived at Liangwa, his horses were robbed by the village team. Lang suffered many innocent victims and was extremely angry. At that time, the county suffered from severe drought year after year, and hungry people were everywhere. Many people turned to Yu Lang for help and urged him to make trouble. Lang's move was undecided when the county government seized the Mason employed by his sister's family in the city in the name of a bandit and robbed the property he had stored in his sister's home. So he became angry and started an incident in October of the third year of Xuantong (1911). At the beginning of the incident, there were only 20 or 30 people with a rifle. Soon after, he won the rich man's rifle, pistol and 30 muskets, and joined hands with Li Lang and Zhang Qun to increase the number to more than 100. On February 8, 1912, the first year of the Republic of China, Bai Lang led the public to move from Yao shop to daogutian village. As the Spring Festival approached, Bai Lang gathered hungry people from four townships and went to Liuji warehouse in the east of the city to grab more than 170 trucks. That night, Bai Lang learned that county magistrate Zhang auditorium would leave his post the next day and pass through jiaomaling. Lang and his men intercepted, snatched 16 fast guns at one stroke, and captured Zhang Zi with more than 10 redeemed guns. After that, he united with Li Fengchao and other officials to support more than 200 people, gradually gaining influence. On April 23, Yu Yaoting, commander of the 13th battalion of the Beiyang army, attacked Bai Lang and retreated from gaohuang temple to Ma Dao and Zhangzhuang in the west of the city. On May 12, Yu led his troops to Daying. When he arrived at Li Wenyi, he was ambushed and defeated by langbu. In June, Lang, together with Du Qibin, attacked Daying Town, Yu's residence at night, and Yu's army fled. After defeating the army, Bai Lang performed in the village for three days to celebrate, and discussed with Du Qibin, Niu Tianxiang, Gao Yongcheng (Qin Jiaohong) and other leaders about the activity plan. On October 24, Lang led the troops to attack Yu County in the north, and then went south to open Chunshui and xiangheguan in Biyang. The team of xuanyinwu and Ye County fought back to Baofeng temporarily. In the winter of that year, Langfu went south and entered Wuyang sow Gorge (now Wugang City). He joined forces with Wang Chuanxin of Nanyang, song Laolao, Li Hongbin and Wang Zhen of Lu and Bao, and captured Tang county (now Tanghe County). He wiped out most of the 59 independent regiments of the army and seized a large number of rifles, machine guns, cannons and bullets. The number of volunteers increased to more than 1000, which was a great success. So he returned to the north, attacked Lushan and broke Yu County, and clearly put forward the slogan of "fighting against the rich and helping the poor". The Beiyang army gathered nearly ten thousand people, such as Lei Zhenchun, Wang Yuxiu and Lei cunxiu, to encircle and suppress on a large scale. Lang broke through the encirclement and divided his troops into two routes: one was to attack Lushi in the west, and the other was to break through Xiping town and jingziguan in Xichuan in the south. It has shaken the rule of the Northern Warlords and won the attention and support of the revolutionaries represented by Sun Yat Sen. In July 1913, Huang Xing, commander-in-chief of the Yuan Dynasty, wrote a letter to Bai Lang, saying: "we should be self-sufficient and advocate justice between Hubei and Henan. We should be invincible. We should be brave and ambitious. In the future, we should clean up the Central Plains and wipe out the culprits. Our great achievements can be immortal in the world..." Later, on September 16, Bai Lang destroyed Zaoyang, an important town in Hubei Province, and annihilated more than 500 garrison troops. After entering the city, he opened a warehouse to help the poor, put up a notice, called himself the commander of Yuan Jun, and publicized yuan. At the beginning of the third year of the Republic of China (1914), the Lang army developed to more than 3000 people. It planned to join the anti yuan forces of the Soviet Union and Anhui, and then attacked Queshan, Luoshan, Huangchuan, Shangcheng, Gushi and other counties in the East, and entered Anhui pohuoshan, Lu'an and other places, galloping in Henan and Anhui provinces. Shocked, Yuan Shikai urgently ordered Duan Qirui to take charge of Wang Zhanyuan and Wang Ruxian divisions of the army, Tang Tianxi and Xu Zhanfeng brigades, and tens of thousands of local troops in Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Anhui and other provinces. In view of the strong yuan army in the Central Plains, Bai Lang adopted Sun Yat Sen's suggestion of seizing Sichuan as an anti yuan base, returned to the East and occupied Jingzi Guanxi in March, and announced with "the governor of the Central Plains Fuhan army" that "since the reform, China has been in charge of politics with evil spirit, and the people's morale has not been promoted. Although it is named as a republic, it really encourages autocracy. It's a long time for the governor to stop farming and rest too much! It is used to unite heroes and ask for help for the people. However, at the beginning of the incident, there was no land to be based on, no money to be paid, no weapons to rely on, and traveling east and West, tired of the place. This is also the current situation. It's nothing to do. It's also the common knowledge and understanding of the businessmen and the people Later, our army crossed the border, and the merchants and the people were able to meet the division without any resistance or escape. The governor of Dadu also protected them and never burned them. ". In early April, after conquering Shangnan and the Qinling Mountains, he went to the outskirts of Xi'an and issued a call to "denounce yuan, oppose imperialism and support the Republic". On April 6, Bai Lang broke through the blockade of more than 10000 people by Zhang Fengdan, governor of Shaanxi Province, and went west to conquer Zhouzhi, Qianxian, Huxian, Binxian, Fengxiang, Longxian and other places. His army was near Tongwei county. Chen Hongbao, magistrate of the county, led the gentry to welcome him. Bai Lang ordered his troops to be stationed outside the city. He only brought more than 100 people into the city and lived in a school. He said to his subordinates, "this county town is as small as a bucket, the people are poor, and the students can be trained." So he donated 2000 liang of silver for the purpose of running a school. In addition, more than 20000 foot riders from Shaanxi and Gansu were in hot pursuit, and the situation was gradually disadvantageous. Especially in the battle of Lintan on May 25, Bai Lang and his general song Laoren were injured, and general Qiu zhanbiao died in the battle. More than a thousand volunteers were killed and their vitality was greatly damaged. Then, when he captured Qinzhou (Tianshui), Li Baimao, the military adviser, and Li Hongbin, the general, were killed one after another. In addition, there was a great shortage of food, the supply was difficult, the morale of the army was unstable, and the plan to enter Sichuan was difficult. Many people advocated returning to Henan, so Bai Lang led his army to return to the East. On May 31, Lang's army returned from Lintan to the East. Along the way, they fought hard and broke through the layers of obstruction. After passing through Gangu, Baoji, Xing'an and other places, they arrived at Jingzi pass on June 28. Blanc decided to disperse. On July 3, Bai Lang led thousands of Lubao volunteers back to Baofeng. Later, the explorers were blocked by the government and failed to return, resulting in a sharp reduction in the number of troops. On July 20, Bai Lang led only 50 or 60 people and was trapped in the three mountain strongholds of tiger and wolf climbing mountains. Niuguilin and liushanbao regiments of Gongwei army and zhangzhigong regiment of Zhensong army jointly attacked. After two days of fierce fighting, langbu ran out of ammunition and food. At dawn on the 26th, he broke through the siege and scuffled with Linru militia. Bai Lang was shot and killed. He was 41 years old.

Characteristics of Uprising

The Bailang uprising war was a peasant revolutionary war developed from simple "fighting against the rich and helping the poor" to opposing Yuan Shikai's reactionary rule during the 1911 Revolution. At the beginning of the uprising, for every town occupied by the uprising army, they "ordered the rich to accept property" to relieve the poor and release the prisoners. Later, influenced by the revolutionaries, Bai Lang and others gradually deepened their understanding of Yuan Shikai's reactionary nature. Since 1913, he has publicly denounced Yuan Shikai and posted anti yuan notices everywhere, exposing that Yuan Shikai "although he was named a republic, he actually carried out autocracy", denouncing that "Yuan Shikai, a thief, was ambitious and took the meaning as the law, but still wanted to be the Emperor himself" and "he devastated our people, especially Manchuria". Bai Lang and others also criticized Yuan Shikai's compromise and surrender policy towards Russia's invasion of Outer Mongolia and Britain's invasion of Tibet, and took punitive measures against foreign missionaries, showing an obvious anti imperialist tendency. At last, it puts forward the political proposition of "banishing Yuan Shikai and establishing a perfect government". Since the actions of the rebel army reflected the demands of the poor peasants,

Chinese PinYin : Bai Lang