Xu Jing

Xu Jing

Xu Jing? (222). Runan County Pingyu county (now Pingyu County, Henan Province) people. From the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period, the important officials, celebrities and critics of the Shu Han Dynasty.

Xu Jing and his younger brother Xu Shao are both famous for their comments on characters. Later, Liu Yi recommended him as Xiaolian and Ren shangshulang. He once defected to Kong Yi, Chen Yi, Xu Gong, Wang Lang and others. Before sun Chi attacked Wang Lang, he took refuge in Jiaozhou with his family members and was treated by the magistrate of Jiaozhi.

Later, at the invitation of Liu Zhang, the governor of the prefecture, he became the prefect of Bajun, Guanghan and Shujun. When Liu Bei surrounded Chengdu, he wanted to flee over the wall, which was captured by Liu Zhang. Liu Bei wanted to abandon it after he settled in Shu, so he took it as the commander of the left general under the suggestion of Fazheng.

In the 23rd year of Jian'an (218), Liu Bei was called the king of Hanzhong and appointed Xu Jing as the king Fu of Hanzhong. In the first year of Zhangwu (221), Liu Bei declared himself Emperor and appointed Xu Jing as situ, ranking as the third Duke. Zhang Wu died in 222. There are two volumes of essays.

Life of the characters

Famous all over the world

Xu Jing became famous with his cousin Xu Shao when he was young, and both of them have a reputation for liking critics, but their private relationship is not good. When Xu Shao was a meritorious officer in Runan County, he rejected Xu Jing and prevented him from being employed, so Xu Jing had to drive horses to feed himself. When Liu Yi, a native of Yingchuan, was appointed as the prefect of Runan, he recommended Xu Jing as an official in charge of the inspection of filial piety and honesty, and later served as a minister in charge of the selection of officials.

Select talents

In 189, after the death of Liu Hong, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, Dong Zhuo took Zhou Shi as the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs. He asked Xu Jing and Dong Zhuo to discuss how to demote and demote the officials in the world, eliminate the corrupt and fatuous officials, and promote the frustrated people. Xu Jing promoted and appointed Xun Shuang, Han Rong and Chen Ji as ministers and prefects, Han Fu as the Minister of state, Liu Dai as the governor of Yanzhou, Zhang Zi as the governor of Nanyang, Kong Luo as the governor of Yuzhou, Zhang Miao as the governor of Chenliu, and Xu Jing himself was promoted to the governor of Bajun, but he was not appointed, and was changed to the censor Zhongcheng.

Fleeing everywhere

In the first year of Chuping (190), Han Fu and others, when they arrived at their posts, rebelled one after another, intending to kill Dong Zhuo. Dong Zhuo angrily denounced Zhou Xie and said, "you all say that we should select and appoint people with noble conduct. I, Dong Zhuo, follow your advice and do not want to go against the people's will in the world. And the people you hired, on the day they took office, turned around and attacked me. Why should Dong Zhuo use these ungrateful people? " He ordered Zhou Zhen to be promoted and beheaded outside the city. Xu Jing's cousin Xu is Prime Minister Chen Guoguo, and plans to attack Dong Zhuo together with Kong. So Xu Jing is afraid that Dong Zhuo will kill himself, so he runs to Kong. After Kong's death, Xu Jing took refuge with Chen Yi, the governor of Yangzhou. After Chen Yi's death, Xu Gong, the governor of Wujun County, and Wang Lang, the governor of Kuaiji County, had always been close to Xu Jing, so they protected him. Out of benevolence, Xu Jing adopted and cared for his relatives and neighbors, and often took care of and helped them.

In 195, people fled to Xingping by boat

I got up and followed. Those who saw the scene at that time were all impressed. When he arrived in Jiaozhi County, he received special respect and hospitality from SHIXIE, the prefect of Jiaozhi county.

Yuan Hui, a native of the state of Chen, also lives in Jiaozhou. He wrote a letter to Xun Yu, the Minister of state, saying, "Xu Wenxiu is a great man of talent. He is resourceful enough to participate in national affairs. Since he was exiled in Jiaozhou, he has been living together with many people. Whenever he encounters crisis, he always follows others and shares hunger and cold with people inside and outside his family. He treats the same kind with ethics, benevolence, righteousness and generosity, which are very effective, but he can't list them one by one. "

Zhang Xiang, a Julu man, was ordered by the king to send an envoy to Jiaozhou. He wanted to enlist Xu Jing with his own power and tried to make an oath with Xu Jing, but Xu Jing refused to answer. Xu Jing also wrote to Cao Cao, hoping that he could make the country peaceful and the people get help, and put forward some suggestions to him. Zhang Xiang resented that Xu Jing was not for his own use. After he searched the letters sent by Xu Jing to Cao Cao, he threw them all into the water.

Entering Sichuan for a post

Later, Liu Zhang, a herdsman of Yizhou, sent envoys to enlist Xu Jing. Xu Jing came to Sichuan and was appointed the prefect of Bajun and Guanghan by Liu Zhang. When song Zhong wrote a letter to Wang Shang, the prefect of Shu County in Jingzhou, he said, "Xu Wenxiu is elegant, handsome, extraordinary and has great talent. You should take him as an example."

In the 16th year of Jian'an (211), Xu Jing succeeded Wang Shang as the prefect of Shu county.

In the 19th year of Jian'an (214), Liu Bei led the army to encircle Chengdu, and Xu Jing attempted to cross the city and surrender, but the leak failed. Liu Zhang didn't execute Xu Jing because Yizhou was about to fall. After Liu Zhang surrendered, Liu Bei despised Xu Jing because of Xu Jing's betrayal of the Lord and did not appoint him.

Fazheng advised Liu Bei to say: "there are many people in the world who have gained a false reputation but have no real virtue and talent, such as Xu Jing. However, today, when the Lord starts to create a great cause, people in the world can't explain it door to door. Xu Jing's false name has spread all over the world. If he can't be treated with courtesy, people in the world will say that the Lord is belittling talents. Therefore, we should respect Xu Jing and show that you are following the way that ancient Yanzhao king treated Guo Kai Liu Bei treated Xu Jing favorably and appointed him commander of the left general.

High reputation

In 219, Xu Jing became one of the 11 representatives of the emperor of Hanzhong. Liu Bei was called the king of Hanzhong, and Xu Jing was worshipped as Taifu.

In the first year of Zhangwu (221), Liu Bei ascended the throne and became emperor, conferring the title of Xu Jing. He said, "I am able to inherit the emperor's career, and the king will come to the world. I am worried day and night, for fear that I will not be able to pacify the world. As a situ, you should give the Wuchang education carefully to make it carry forward. You have to encourage yourself! I will continue to give benevolence to my heart. "

Although Xu Jing was over 70 years old, he still loved talents, rewarded and promoted the younger generation, and was tireless in commenting and talking. Prime Minister Zhuge Liang bowed to him.

In 222, Xu Jing died. At the beginning, Xu Jing served Chen Ji as his elder brother and had deep friendship with Yuan Huan, Hua Xin and Wang Lang. Hua Xin, Wang Lang and Chen Qun, the son of Chen Ji, served as assistant ministers of the three gongs in the early period of the Wei Dynasty. They all corresponded with Xu Jing and talked about their friendship with each other.

Character evaluation

Yuan Hui: Xu Wenxiu is a great man of talent and resourcefulness. When he was in trouble, he often followed others before himself. He shared the same hunger and cold with the nine nationalities at home and abroad. The principle of the same kind, benevolence, compassion, are effective things, can not reply to the ears of one or two Chen.

Song Zhong: Wenxiu is handsome and magnificent. He has the tools of the world. He should be regarded as a guide.

Zhuge Liang: jingrenwang, must not lose also, by its name to move the Yu.

Fazheng: Xu Jing is one of the most famous people in the world.

Jiang Ji: Xu Wenxiu is better than the utensils in the langmiao temple, but Zi will demote him. If it's not expensive, it's not clear; if it's honest, it's good.

Yang Xi: situ Qingfeng, a counselor, a Zang, a lover, and a KongYin.

Chen Shou: Xu Jing has a long history of fame. He is known for his sincerity and his character. Although he did not know what was right, Jiang Ji thought that he was "bigger than the temple utensils.".

Sun Sheng: Fu Lixian worships virtue, which is the main way of the state. He sealed the tomb, which is the order of the former king. Therefore, he must practice yingmiao with his body, and his righteousness is supreme. Then he can look around the world and serve Qunli. Gou is not a man, but a man of virtue. When you are quiet, you are friendly. When you are born, you are not accepted by others. When you are faithful, you are dangerous. When you are knowledgeable, you are in danger. Do you think that you can be spoiled before you feel it? If it's Fu Xu who worships and steals Bo Sirong, then how can the upright and righteous people be treated with courtesy? The art of Zhengwu Dazzle is contrary to the trend of valuing and advocating, such as Guo Kai.

Pei Songzhi: ① Wen Xiu has a long history of fame, which is called great in the world. Although there are flaws in his last years, things are not clear. If there is no courtesy, how can we explain the confusion of distance and near! ② When Xu Jing was in charge of Kuaiji, a scholar of Lu Yan, and sun CE came, what did he do in Jing? But it is a sea of thousands of miles, into the hometown of epidemic disease, resulting in respect of the weak, a hundred suffering from preparation, can be said to have been self inflicted. It's hard to speak of wisdom. Who is the one who is in peace with Wu and Yue, and who is the one who is with Zhang Zhao and Zhang Zhen to protect Yuanji?

Ye Shi: Xu Jing is famous for his success in Runan. He had a taste of the advice of the pre Han Dynasty and its spread. If he had nothing to do with his life, then he was in his later years of service, so he had a case of turning over the prejudice. However, such as the source of Xun Yu, almost no light responsibility. Fazheng Bofu knows that Jing should be respected. Liu Bei's use of virtuous opportunity and Zhuge Liang's affinity are just right.

Yang Weizhen: Runan Xu Wenxiu, a disarranged scholar. I dare to be zhugebai and accept Xuande. When scholars talk about the guide, none is missing. It's a matter of knowing the officials of the group, and excluding them.

personal works

According to Tao Zongyi's Book History meeting, Xu Jing is good at prattling, but his works are not handed down today. There are two volumes of essays.

(source: Xu Jing's works)

Relative members

Elder brother: unknown name, grandfather of Chen Zhi, a courtier of Shu Han Dynasty.

Cousin: Xu Shao, a famous scholar in the late Han Dynasty.

Son: Xu Qin, the eldest son of Xu Jing, died before Xu Jing died.

Sun: Xu you, the son of Xu Qin, served as minister during the reign of Jingyao (258-263).

Historical records

The eighth biography of Qin Dynasty

Artistic image

Literary image

In the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the image of Xu Jing is similar to the official history. He worked for Liu Zhang and Liu Bei successively. He was a light official. He knew people well and made good use of them.

Film and television image

1994 TV drama romance of the Three Kingdoms: Zhang Qin as Xu Jing;

1998 movie "love beyond time and space": ye Jingsheng as Xu Jing

Chinese PinYin : Xu Jing