Liu Xie

Liu Xie

Liu Xie, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty (April 2, 181 - April 21, 234), was born in Luoyang, Henan Province. The last emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty (189-220), the second son of emperor Lingdi Liu Hongdi of the Han Dynasty, and Liu Bian, the youngest emperor of the Han Dynasty, had a different mother and younger brother, whose mother was Wang Rong, empress linghuai.

In his early years, he was raised by Empress Dowager Dong. He had a dignified manner and was called "Marquis Dong". Han Shaodi ascended the throne and was canonized as the king of Bohai Sea. After the eunuch rebellion, he was renamed Chen Liuwang. In the sixth year of Zhongping (September 28, 189), under the support of Sikong Dong Zhuo, he became emperor. After Dong Zhuo was killed, he was kidnapped by Li Xi and Guo Si, the Ministry of Dong Zhuo, and returned to Luoyang under the escort of Yang Feng and Dong Cheng. In the first year of Jian'an (196), he attached himself to Cao Cao in Yanzhou and moved his capital to Xuchang. Unwilling to become a puppet emperor, he instigated Dong Cheng and Fu wan to start an incident, but failed. In October of the 25th year of Jian'an (November 25th, 220), under the pressure of Cao Pi, the king of Wei, Yimao abdicated and abdicated. He was granted the title of Duke of Shanyang County. He retained the etiquette of the emperor and married his two daughters to Cao Pi.

Qinglong two years (234 years), died at the age of 54, buried in the Chanling, posthumous title for Xian, known as Han Xiandi.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Liu Xie's mother Wang Meiren, named Wang Rong (later posthumous as "empress linghuai"), is the granddaughter of Wang Bao, the former general of Zhonglang with five senses, and the daughter of Wang Zhang. She was born in a famous family, with elegant manners, beautiful appearance and well proportioned figure, which won the favor of emperor Liu Hong. Empress he, who was born in a butcher's family, was elected to the palace and became Queen by bribing eunuchs. She was very jealous of beauty Wang. Therefore, when Wang Meiren was pregnant with Liu Xie, she was afraid of provoking empress he's deeper jealousy, so she didn't tell Ling Di, but secretly aborted. But abortion drugs didn't work, and the baby was born. Empress he was really jealous. She was afraid that Wang Meiren's son would further threaten her status. She ordered people to secretly put the poison into Wang Meiren's postpartum decoction. Wang Meiren died immediately after drinking it. After hearing the news, Emperor Ling went to the harem for inspection. She saw beauty Wang's limbs were black and blue. She knew that she had been poisoned and died. She urgently ordered to trace the murderer and quickly found out what queen he had done. The spirit emperor could not help but get angry and wanted to depose queen he immediately. Empress he had already paid off Cao Jie, the eunuch trusted by the spirit emperor, and so on. The eunuchs knelt down together. Why did the queen beg for mercy, but the spirit emperor pardoned empress he. Liu Xie was not yet full-term, so the emperor was afraid that Liu Xie would be harmed if he stayed in the back palace. So he took him to Yongle Palace and asked empress dowager Dong to raise him. From then on, Liu Xie took Dong as a foreigner.

In his later years, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was faced with the problem of choosing the crown prince. He had a son, Liu Bian, who was raised in the family of a Taoist surnamed Shi. Liu Bian was older than Liu Xie, and was born to the queen. But Liu Bian's behavior was frivolous and did not have the dignity that a monarch should have. Liu Xie grew up in Yongle Palace when he was a child. He was raised by Empress Dowager Dong. He had a dignified manner and was loved by Emperor Ling. In addition, his mother, Wang Meiren, died in an unnatural way, which made him feel pity. Therefore, he was inclined to make Liu Xie the crown prince. However, it goes against the royal tradition that the eldest son is the first in the family, so we can't make up our mind.

Be crowned king

In 189, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was seriously ill. In his last imperial edict, Liu Xie was entrusted to the eunuch, Jian Shuo. In April, Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty died, and general He Jin made Liu Bian emperor, who was the young emperor of the Han Dynasty. Why did queen he change her name to empress dowager? She was in charge of government affairs in the imperial court, but actually she was in charge of state power. Liu Xie was granted the title of Bohai king, and later changed to Chen Liu king.

Eunuch rebellion

After the death of Emperor Ling, the eunuchs in the inner palace and the important officials in the court launched a struggle for power and profit. First he Jin killed Jian Shuo, then eunuchs Zhang rang and Duan Yu killed he Jin. Yuan Shao, the commander of Sili school, and Hu Ben Zhonglang led Yuan Shu and he Jin's department to counter attack, killing another 2000 eunuchs at once. Unable to fight back, Zhang rang and Duan Yu hijacked Liu Xie and Liu Bian, the young emperor, and escaped from the palace. In a hurry, they met three thousand Longxi cavalry headed by Dong Zhuo. Liu Bian, the little emperor, was so frightened that his whole body trembled, his legs trembled and his mouth could not speak. Little emperor Liu Bian's eunuchs and civil servants did not dare to express their arrogance. They were afraid that a slight mistake would lead to death. After Lu Zhi led the army to catch up with him, he killed Zhang rang and Duan Yu, and welcomed the emperor and Liu Xie back to the palace.

Dong Zhuo thought that he was of the same family as the Empress Dowager who adopted Liu Xie. In addition, Liu Xie was more talented than Liu Bian. From then on, Dong Zhuo wanted to abolish the young emperor and make Liu Xie emperor. After returning to the capital, Dong Zhuo's army completely controlled the situation. So Dong Zhuo forced the young emperor to exempt Sikong Liuhong, and he was in his position. Then, Dong Zhuo called a meeting of officials in the capacity of Sikong to propose that Liu Xie, the king of Chen Liu, should be made emperor. All the officials were shocked and frightened by Dong Zhuo's obscene power, and no one dared to express their opposition. The next day, Dong Zhuo announced the abolition of Liu Bian, the young emperor of the Han Dynasty, and established Liu Xie, the king of Chen Liu, as emperor. He was nine years old. Since then, Liu Xie began his long career as a puppet emperor.

Puppet emperor

After Liu Xie ascended the throne, Dong Zhuo made himself prime minister, and later added the title of Taishi, completely controlling the central government. Dong Zhuo's army plundered property and raped women in Luoyang, and then burned Luoyang into ruins.

In the spring of the first year of Chuping (190), the prefectures and prefectures all over the country began to fight against Dong Zhuo. Because all the States and counties were in Kanto (east of Tongguan), they were called "Kanto allied forces" in history. Many local powers responded to the attack and took their private soldiers with them. Since then, the warlords' scuffle in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty officially began. Together, the Kwantung Army promoted Yuan Shao, the governor of the Bohai Sea, as the leader of the alliance, and surrounded Luoyang from the north, East and West. Under the threat of the Guandong army, Dong Zhuo moved Liu Xie from Luoyang to Chang'an. At this time, Wang Yunren took charge of the specific government affairs. On the surface, he attached himself to Dong Zhuo, with a group of officials gathered around him.

In the second year of Chuping (191), in order to fight for political leadership, the governors of Guandong, led by Yuan Shao and Han Fu, proposed to establish Liu Yu as emperor. But this proposal was opposed by Yuan Shu and Cao Cao, and finally gave up. Liu He, Liu Yu's son, served as a servant in the Chang'an court. Liu Xie wanted to return Luoyang to get rid of Dong Zhuo's control by relying on the strength of the Guandong army, so he sent Liu He out of Wuguan to ask for help. But at this time, the herdsmen of Guandong prefecture were keen on merging with each other to strengthen their own strength and expand their territory, and had no intention of pursuing Dong Zhuo in the West. Chang'an turned to rely on internal forces to overthrow Dong Zhuo.

In the third year of Chuping (192), situ Wangyun, Huang Wan, the commander of Sili school, sun Rui, and Zhonglang conspired with Lv Bu to assassinate Dong Zhuo. Lu Bu was Dong Zhuo's confidant, and they had a righteous father son relationship. Dong Zhuo has a violent personality. Once, Lv Bu violated Dong Zhuo's intention for a small matter. Dong Zhuo threw his halberd at Lv Bu. Lu Bu hurriedly dodged, and then bent over to Dong Zhuo to plead guilty. As a result, they have a estrangement. In April, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty recovered from his illness and held a meeting in Weiyang hall. Dong Zhuo wore a court uniform and drove into the court. On both sides of the road from the barracks to the palace, the guards were dense, with infantry on the left and cavalry on the right. The guards were heavily guarded by Lu Bu and others. Wang Yun ordered sun Rui to write an imperial edict and give it to Lv Bu. Lu Bu asked Li Su, a member of the same county and a captaincy of the cavalry, and more than ten warriors, including Qin Yi and Chen Wei, to pretend to be guards. Wearing the clothes of guards, they ambushed in Beiye gate and waited for Dong Zhuo. As soon as Dong Zhuo entered the door, Li Su raised his halberd and stabbed him. Dong Zhuo was wearing armor inside, but failed to stab him. He only hurt his arm and fell under the car. Dong Zhuo called back to Lu Bu, but he was stabbed to death by Lu Bu's iron spear. After Dong Zhuo was stabbed to death, Wang Yunlu continued to write, and Lv Bu was promoted to general Fenwei. They jointly presided over the government. After Wang Yun got it, he was arrogant and complacent, and he was too narrow to maintain the situation in Guanzhong. In less than a month, Dong Zhuo defeated Lu Bu, occupied Chang'an, killed Wang Yun and controlled the Eastern Han Dynasty. Li he was promoted to General of chariot and cavalry, Kaifu, commander of Sili school, fake Festival and Marquis of Chiyang. Later, Li he was promoted to great Sima, Guo Si was promoted to rear general and Marquis of meiyang, fan Hou was promoted to right general and Marquis of Wannian, and Zhang Ji was appointed to General of Zhendong and Marquis of Pingyang. He went out to settle in Hongnong.

In the first year of Xingping (194), there was a severe drought in Sanfu, and the price of grain was very high. A single grain was worth 500000 yuan. People even ate people in Chang'an city. Liu Xie ordered Shi Yushi Hou Wen to go out of Taicang to cook rice bean porridge for the common people, but many people still starved to death because of lack of food. Liu Xie suspected that Hou Wen didn't use all the food to help the victims, but took the opportunity to encroach on the public grain. So he sent someone to take five liters of rice and five liters of beans to make porridge in front of him. Finally, he could cook two pots of porridge. It was proved that Hou Wen cheated, so he beat Hou Wen with fifty tins. After that, the hungry people in Chang'an city got relief.

In the second year of Xingping (195), Li Zhen killed fan Hou and attacked Guo Si in Chang'an city. Liu Xie sent Shangshu and Shizhong to reconcile Li and Guo, but they refused. In order to gain the political initiative, Guo Si plots to hijack Liu Xie to his own barracks. Unexpectedly, before Guo Si starts, the news has leaked out. Li Qian takes the lead and sends troops to rob Liu Xie, the empress, Palace officials and ministers. Li Xi and Guo Si attacked each other for several months, and tens of thousands of people died. Chang'an city was almost in ruins. Soon after, Liu Xie, under the protection of Yang Feng, the former Minister of Li Xi, and Dong Cheng, the former director of Niu Fu's works, escaped from the control of Li and Guo, fled to Hongnong, settled in Anyi, and then traveled eastward.

Move the capital to Xuchang

In the first year of Jian'an (196), Cao Cao, then governor of Yanzhou, welcomed Liu Xie to Luoyang. At that time, Yuan Shao and Cao Cao were engaged in frequent political and military struggles. Sun CE occupied Jiangdong, Liu Biao occupied Jingzhou, Liu Zhang occupied Yizhou, and Liangzhou was Han Sui and Ma Teng

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