Nie Fengzhi

Nie Fengzhi

Nie Fengzhi (September 1913 - April 3, 1992), the founding lieutenant general of the people's Republic of China, was born in Huaqiao village, lvwang Town, Huang'an County, Hubei Province. In his revolutionary career, he successively held the posts of platoon commander, company commander, company instructor, battalion commander, battalion instructor, deputy head, regiment political commissar, divisional commander, brigade commander, division commander, column chief of staff, deputy commander, commander and army commander. He has successively participated in the anti "encirclement and suppression" in the Hubei Henan Anhui Soviet Area, the anti "three way encirclement" in the Sichuan Shaanxi Soviet Area, the anti "six way encirclement", the long march of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army, the Laiyang campaign, the Pingdu campaign, the Gaomi campaign, the Laiwu campaign, the Menglianggu campaign, the Jiaodong defense campaign, the Weixian campaign, the Huaihai Campaign, the crossing river campaign, and the Shanghai campaign.

Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, he has successively served as the education director of East China military and Political University, the air force commander of East China military region, the Sino Korean joint air force commander, the deputy commander of East Zhejiang front command of East China military region, the air force commander of Nanjing Military Region, the air force commander of Fuzhou military region, the deputy commander of Fuzhou military region, the deputy commander of Nanjing Military Region, the commander of Nanjing Military Region, etc. He took part in the war to resist US aggression and aid Korea and took part in commanding the Yijiangshan Island campaign. He was awarded the rank of lieutenant general in 1955. He died in Nanjing in April 1992 at the age of 79.

Life of the characters

Early experience

In September 1913 (the second year of the Republic of China), Nie Fengzhi was born in Huaqiao village, lvwang town (now Dawu), Huang'an (now Hong'an) County, Hubei Province. Young people took part in revolutionary activities.

Period of Agrarian Revolution

In the spring of 1928 (the 17th year of the Republic of China), Nie Fengzhi joined the local peasant red guards and joined the Communist Youth League of China in April of the same year. In January 1929 (the 18th year of the Republic of China), Nie Fengzhi joined the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army. In 1933 (the 22nd year of the Republic of China), Nie Fengzhi transferred from the Communist Youth League to the Communist Party of China. He once served as platoon commander, company commander and company political instructor of the 12th division of the 4th Red Army, battalion commander, battalion instructor and deputy head of the 81st regiment of the 27th division of the 9th Red Army, and regiment leader and political commissar of the 31st Red Army. He participated in the counter "encirclement and suppression" in the Hubei Henan Anhui Soviet Area, the counter "three way encirclement" and the counter "six way encirclement" in the Sichuan Shaanxi Soviet Area, and the long march of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army.

the period of Counter-Japanese War

In July 1937 (the 26th year of the Republic of China), Nie Fengzhi studied in Yan'an Anti Japanese military and Political University. After graduation, he served as the chief teacher and team leader of the University. In 1940 (the 29th year of the Republic of China), Nie Fengzhi led a cadre brigade to Shandong to set up the branch of "Anti Japanese university" and became the president of Jiaodong branch of "Anti Japanese university". After 1943 (the 32nd year of the Republic of China), Nie Fengzhi was appointed head and political commissar of the 13th regiment of Jiaodong military region, commander of Jiaodong Weihai army, and commander of the 5th brigade. He took part in the battles of Laiyang, Pingdu, Gaomi, Weihai and Yantai.

During the war of Liberation

At the beginning of the war of liberation, Nie Fengzhi was the commander of the 5th division of the Jiaodong military region, the chief of staff, deputy commander, chief of staff and commander of the 9th column of the East China Field Army, and the commander of the 27th army of the third field army. He participated in the battles of Laiwu, Meng Lianggu, Jiaodong, Weixian, Huaihai, Dujiang and Shanghai. In 1948 (the 37th year of the Republic of China), in the Jinan campaign, Nie Fengzhi led the 9th column to attack Chengdong group to take on the auxiliary task. In order to quickly annihilate the enemy, he took the initiative to cooperate with the attack Chengxi group and changed the "auxiliary" task to "main attack". The 73rd regiment of the 25th division of the headquarters first broke through the city wall. After the war, the regiment was awarded the glorious title of "Jinan first regiment" by the Central Military Commission.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China

After the founding of new China, Nie Fengzhi served as the director of education of East China military and Political University and air force commander of East China military region. In 1952, Nie Fengzhi took part in the war to resist US aggression and aid Korea, and served as the acting commander and commander of the Sino Korean joint air force. Facing the US air force, which had participated in the Second World War and was known as the "overlord in the air", he devoted himself to studying the tactics of conquering the enemy, "fighting a war, further", and constantly improved his command skills, so that the first generation of Chinese young pilots could give full play to their intelligence and create a new era One miracle after another in the history of world air combat, he won the first-class national flag Medal of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. At the end of 1953, Nie Fengzhi was appointed deputy commander of the East Zhejiang front command of the East China military region, and took part in commanding the Yijiangshan Island campaign. Later, he served as commander of the air force of Nanjing Military Region and Fuzhou military region, deputy commander and air force commander of Fuzhou military region, deputy commander and air force commander of Nanjing Military Region. From 1977 to 1982, Nie Fengzhi served as commander of Nanjing Military Region and member of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China. He is a member of the 11th CPC Central Committee. In 1982 and 1987, Nie Fengzhi was elected to the Advisory Committee of the CPC Central Committee. On April 3, 1992, Nie Fengzhi died in Nanjing. He was 79 years old.

Main achievements

Defeat Zhao Baoyuan

At about 21:00 on February 11, 1945, Nie Fengzhi led the 13th regiment of the 5th brigade of Jiaodong military region to sneak into Wandi, Laiyang, Shandong Province, and launched an attack on Zhao Baoyuan, the traitor of "Jiaodong first bully". After eight days of continuous fighting, he annihilated more than 12000 people in Zhao Baoyuan and recovered Laiyang.

Fighting Zhoucun

From the night of March 11 to 10 am on March 12, 1948, Nie Fengzhi, commander of the 9th column of the East China Field Army, led his troops to attack Zhoucun, the command center of the Kuomintang army, and wiped out 15000 Kuomintang troops in Zhoucun by heart digging tactics.

Capture Jinan City

From September 16 to 24, 1948, Nie Fengzhi commanded the east line attack group composed of 9 vertical, Bo vertical and Bohai military region troops to attack Jinan, changed "auxiliary attack" to "main attack", killed 23420 Kuomintang troops, captured 61870 Kuomintang troops, captured 23 senior generals such as Wang Yaowu, commander of the 2nd appeasement District of Kuomintang troops, and seized more than 800 guns, 20 tanks and armored vehicles, and 238 automobiles.

Air combat in North Korea

In September 1951, Nie Fengzhi led some pilots of the air force of the East China military region to set up a bombing headquarters. For the first time, he went to Korea to participate in the war. For the first time, he cooperated with the ground forces with different aircraft types to complete the bombing operations against big, small and small islands, which effectively supported the operations of the ground forces of the volunteer army. In May 1952, Nie Fengzhi led the air force of the East China military region to join the Korean war again. In November, in several air battles against large aircraft groups in the United States, he made brilliant achievements in shooting down 16 US f-86a aircraft and injuring 3. In December, Nie Fengzhi commanded the volunteer air force to fight for 26 days. He dispatched 157 batches of 1623 fighter planes, including 34 batches of 398 air battles with US aircraft, shooting down 37 US aircraft and injuring 7. The volunteer air force was shot down 12 and injuring 14. The ratio of us air force and volunteer air force was 3.1:1. In January 1953, under the command of Nie Fengzhi, the volunteer air force dispatched a total of 1566 sorties in 144 batches, of which 1326 sorties in 117 batches were large aircraft groups fighting against the US air force. It successfully organized the first and second line forces to cooperate in combat, which not only effectively restrained and consumed the US Air Force's forces, but also actively trained the troops. During the armistice from mid June to July 27, Nie Fengzhi directed the volunteer air force to fight and take off 117 batches of 994 sorties, of which 39 batches were engaged in air combat with US aircraft, shooting down 25 US aircraft and injuring 5.

Dachen Island

From November 1, 1954 to January 10, 1955, Nie Fengzhi directed the air force and navy to bomb Dachen island and its surrounding islands for seven times. He dropped more than 1600 tons, more than 80 tons, destroyed one "Zhongquan" tank landing ship, and injured four "Taihe" frigate and "Hengshan" repair ship, which made the Kuomintang ships and planes dare not attack again and provided a good opportunity for the liberation of the PLA Jiangshan island has removed the threat from the sky and the sea. On January 18, 1955, Nie Fengzhi directed the air force and naval aviation to bomb Yijiangshan Island, Nanjiang island and Dachen Island respectively, destroying the meteorological station, navigation station, anti-aircraft artillery position, circular defense wall and command system of Dachen defense headquarters of the Kuomintang army. At the same time, Nie Fengzhi commanded the naval air force to guard the airspace south of Yijiangshan Island, north-south and southeast of Dachen Island, forcing the Kuomintang air force to be unable to take off and dare not act rashly to escort the landing troops of the people's Liberation Army. In less than two hours, the people's Liberation Army (PLA) had totally annihilated 1086 KMT garrison troops on Yijiangshan Island, including 519 garrison commanders such as Wang Mingsheng and 567 captains such as Wang Fubi, captured 53 guns, 27 rocket launchers, 68 light machine guns, 8340 guns and a large amount of ammunition, and sank and severely damaged six KMT warships.

Main works

work

Battlefield the cradle of generals (PLA press, October 1989, 1st Edition)

article

"Summary report of Weixian battle", "several experiences of Chairman Mao's military thought", "review of the use of air force in Yijiangshan campaign"

Honors

In 1955, Nie Fengzhi was awarded the rank of lieutenant general of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, and was awarded the Bayi medal at the second level, the independent freedom medal at the second level, and the Liberation Medal at the first level. In 1988, Nie Fengzhi was awarded the first-class Red Star Medal.

Relative members

Madam: he Ming, born in 1922, native place: Chongqing, Sichuan. In April 1938, he joined the Eighth Route Army, studied in the second brigade of Yan'an Anti Japanese university, and joined the party in 1940. On New Year's day in 1940, he Ming married Nie Fengzhi. After graduation, he successively worked in Jiaodong Anti Japanese university health team, Jiaodong 13th regiment health team, jiuzong health center, Nanjing East China military university children's school medical center, and Sino Korean people's air force

Chinese PinYin : Nie Feng Zhi