Hao Mengling

Hao Mengling

Hao Mengling (February 18, 1898 - October 16, 1937) was born in Zhuanghe village, Gaocheng, Hebei Province. He was a famous Anti Japanese general, commander of the 9th army of the National Revolutionary Army and general of the Army (posthumously awarded after his death). He loves reading, upholds integrity and runs the army strictly.

On October 16, 1937, he died in the battle of Xinkou on the Dabaishui front line in Shanxi Province. He was the first military commander who died in the Anti Japanese war. In 1938, the title of "China's first military commander" was described in the elementary Chinese textbook. On September 1, 2014, it was listed in the list of the first batch of 300 famous Anti Japanese heroes and heroes published by the Ministry of civil affairs.

Life of the characters

Early experience

He was born in Zhuanghe village, Gaocheng County, Hebei Province on February 18, 1898. After only three years in private school, he was sent to a grocery store as an apprentice by his father. Later, because he couldn't bear the boss's abuse, he joined the third Wei Yi division of the Fengjun army as a soldier. Seeing that he was diligent and studious, Wei Yisan sent him to the army officer primary school and Baoding army officer school.

Military career

Since 1921, Hao Mengling has been the battalion commander and regiment commander of Weiyi's three divisions. In 1926, he joined Feng Yuxiang's national army with Wei Yisan and became the commander of the 26th brigade of the Fourth Army. During the northern expedition, because of his bravery, he was promoted to the commander of the second division of the Fourth Army. After the defeat of Zhengzhou, the army was reorganized and served as the commander of the 54th division of the national revolutionary army. After the Central Plains war in 1930, he also served as the commander of Zhengzhou police. Later, he was promoted to deputy commander and commander of the Ninth Army.

Go north

In 1934, when Chiang Kai Shek launched the fifth "encirclement and suppression" campaign against the Central Soviet Area, Hao Mengling asked to be demobilized and returned to the countryside, but was not approved. In 1935, he was transferred to Guiyang, Dushan, Zunyi and other places, and led the Ninth Army to build the Sichuan Guizhou and Sichuan Yunnan highways. After the Sichuan Guizhou highway was opened to traffic, the Ninth Army took on the responsibility of protecting and maintaining the highway. In May 1937, Hao Mengling once again asked to be released. Still not approved, he was transferred to the general class of Sichuan Army University.

When the Lugouqiao Incident broke out in July 1937, Hao Mengling was on her way to Luda, Sichuan. After learning the news, he immediately returned to the army from Chongqing and asked to go north to resist Japan.

Counter-Japanese War

After Hao Mengling led the Fourth Army to Shijiazhuang, it was under the command of Wei Lihuang, commander of the 14th group army. At this time, Yanmen pass in Shanxi Province had been lost, and Xinkou in northern Shanxi province became the first line of defense against the Japanese aggressors.

At the end of September 1937, the Japanese army retreated after being severely damaged by the 115th division of the Eighth Route Army in Pingxingguan. They gathered near Daixian County, ready to take Xinkou and take Taiyuan directly. So Hao Mengling led his troops to the front line of Xinkou on the night of October 4, 1937. Under the unified deployment and command of Wei Lihuang, he served as the head of the central army, commanding the Ninth Army and the 19th, 35th and 61st armies of the Jin Sui army, and holding the main positions of longwangtang, nanhuahua, Dabaishui and Nanyu lines to the north of Xinkou.

On October 11, 1937, the Xinkou campaign started. The Japanese commander, Shoichiro Tanigaki, the head of the Fifth Division, concentrated all the elite Japanese troops to form a dense firepower network of "three-dimensional war" with excellent weapons and equipment such as aircraft, artillery and tanks, and made a crazy attack on the Xinkou position. Hao Mengling personally went to the front line to command the battle. When the enemy planes and artillery bombed, he commanded his troops to hide in the shelter. As soon as the artillery stopped, he immediately attacked the Japanese with infantry weapons.

On October 12, 1937, the main position of South Huaihua was broken by the Japanese army, and the main Artillery Forces of the enemy and US started a fierce tug of war on the highland 204 in the north of Xinkou and northeast of South Huaihua, changing hands 13 times a day and night.

At 5:00 a.m. on October 13, 1937, general Hao ordered the headquarters to attack Huaihua and xinchenzhuang in the south. The 32nd regiment was in the front, and the Jin army was in the back. The attack was limited to three hours. Later, because of the heavy casualties of the army, the two wings did not move and remained in the original position.

Heroic sacrifice

In the early morning of October 16, 1937, Hao Mengling and General Liu Jiaqi, the commander of the 54th division, who were in charge of the counter offensive command, personally went to the front line to supervise the battle. The counter offensive army rushed to the Japanese positions and defeated the enemy. By 5 a.m., it was already twilight. Hao Mengling was afraid that our army would be threatened by the enemy's artillery fire after dawn and could not consolidate. He had better take advantage of the victory to pursue and quickly annihilate the remaining enemy. So he waved his troops forward and the enemy was in chaos. He retreated under the cover of machine guns and hand grenades. General Hao and General Liu were just 200 meters away from the enemy. When they passed a section of the pass, Hao Mengling was hit by the enemy's machine gun bullets, and then died.

family life

Hao Mengling's wife is Ju Zhiqiu.

Hao Mengling has five children, three boys and two girls.

Her eldest daughter is Hao Huiying, who worked as a biology teacher in Wuhan No.17 middle school before her retirement.

The youngest daughter is Hao Huilan.

Hao yinhuai, the eldest son, graduated from Zhongnan University of mining and technology in 1954. He could have gone to work in Beijing, but for the needs of the country, he gave up the opportunity to work in the city and volunteered to support the frontier to work in a mine in Dongchuan, Yunnan. He died at the age of 39 because of lung disease.

Hao Yinnan, his second son, lived in Wuhan with his father Hao Mengling at that time. In the early 1960s, he was an obstetrician and gynecologist of Tongji Medical College in Wuhan. In 1965, when he was in his 30s, he signed up to participate in the construction of Yunyang branch of Tongji Medical College. With his wife and daughter, Hao Yinnan came to Yunyang area, which was still very poor at that time. Hao Yinnan and other older entrepreneurs put down their whip, picked up hoes, dug mountains to pick up soil, built walls with stones, cut down trees to build houses, and ran schools while building, ensuring that the first batch of 40 students started school on schedule in the shabby school buildings.

Hao yinsen, the youngest son, died of meningitis in Hankou Wanyuan hospital and was buried in Hanyang.

Hao Mengling's grandson, Hao Liang, was born in Wuhan in 1961. He later came to Shiyan with his father, Hao Yinnan. He went to the countryside and suffered a lot. Later, he was admitted to the University, majoring in automotive chemical industry. After graduation, he worked in the second automobile company as a senior engineer.

Anecdotes of characters

Yan Family

Hao Mengling is particularly strict with her family. Her wife, Ju juqiu, has been traveling around with her children for many years, living by renting houses. When living in Wuhan, Ju juqiu once saw a small two-story house. The landlord asked for ten thousand yuan. She asked Hao Mengling for money, but she was strongly opposed by Hao Mengling. Hao Mengling said: "soldiers should take the world as their home. If you go to one place, you will buy a real estate. I'm greedy for a small family. Didn't I miss the country?"

Once, a friend gave Ju juqiu a pair of ivory mahjong. Ju juqiu was very fond of it. When Hao Mengling knew it, she told her to return it to her original owner immediately, but she didn't do it. One day, Ju juqiu was playing mahjong with friends and relatives at home. Hao Mengling found her playing mahjong. He was furious and immediately sent to the kitchen to be set on fire. From then on, Ju juqiu did not dare to accept any gifts from others.

Run the army strictly

In Hao Mengling's army, the discipline is very strict, one is not allowed to take concubines and prostitutes, two is not allowed to take drugs and gamble, but there are still some people who try the law by example. A brigade commander surnamed Jia was dismissed for smoking a lot. Hao Mengling's uncle, who was then the director of the ordnance division, secretly bought a concubine. When Hao Mengling knew about it, she mercilessly ordered him to be punished by military law, expelled from the army and never hired. After that, the uncle came to the house to plead for mercy. Hao Mengling's wife and father couldn't look down on him. They all advised Hao Mengling to let him go in front of his relatives and ask him to promise never to commit again. However, Hao Mengling resolutely refused and said to his uncle, "at home, you are my uncle, and I treat you as an elder. But in the army, you are my subordinate. If I let you go today, then I will never let you go." How can I manage my army? I can't be selfish! " In this way, Hao Mengling gave him some money and sent him back to his hometown.

Character evaluation

The Chinese people are "lofty and great models". (on March 12, 1938, Mao Zedong held a meeting in Yan'an to commemorate the 13th anniversary of Sun Yat Sen's death and to mourn those who died in the Anti Japanese war. He spoke highly of Hao Mengling's spirit of Anti Japanese and martyrdom.)

General Hao served his country with his death. In fact, he set an immortal model for the Chinese people and the Chinese revolutionary soldiers. (on the 4th anniversary of general Hao Mengling's death in 1941, Feng Yuxiang commented on Hao Mengling in Xinhua Daily)

Commemoration of later generations

memorial service

After general Hao Mengling died for his country, people's musician Xian Xinghai wrote "mourning song of Hao Mengling".

On October 24, 1937, Hao Mengling's coffin was transported from Shanxi to Wuhan. All walks of life held a public ceremony in Wuhan, and then buried in Zhuodaoquan, Wuchang, with a state funeral ceremony.

On March 12, 1938, Comrade Mao Zedong praised Hao Mengling and others as "lofty and great models" of the Chinese people at the Yan'an memorial meeting for those who died in the war against the enemy, proving that "the Chinese nation is by no means a flock of sheep, but a great nation rich in national pride and human justice.".

Cemetery

Hao Mengling martyr cemetery is located in the north of Fuhu mountain in Wuhan City, which is listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit. The cemetery is located in the southeast and faces the northwest. Around the tomb, there is a 0.8-meter-high brick sand cement wall, covering an area of about 80 square meters. There is a 25 meter wide tomb gate in front of which there are 33 steps with a width of 1 meter. The tomb is divided into two parts: the body of the tomb and the tombstone. The tomb is 0.8 meters high, 2 meters wide and 3 meters long, in an oval shape. The tombstone is 3 meters high, 1.1 meters wide and 0.75 meters thick. It is a small tower made of cement, brick and sand. The surface of the tower is made of terrazzo. It is gray black and has a national style. In the middle of the tombstone, there are seven official script characters on the tomb of martyr Hao Mengling.

Hao Mengling Road

In memory of Hao Mengling's merits, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the national government renamed the North Road of Hankou as Hao Mengling road. In 1985, in the Anti Japanese war

Chinese PinYin : Hao Meng Ling