Rao Shushi

Rao Shushi

Rao Shushi (September 1903 March 2, 1975), a native of Zhongling Township, Linchuan City, Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province, was formerly named Rao Shiquan, named Shushi. He used to be named Liang Pu, a Shi, Xiao Yao, Lao song, thin man, Xiao Rao, a Si, Yao Shinong, song Zhenhua and so on. He is one of the few highly educated senior leading cadres of the older generation of Chinese Communists and a rare international political activist in the party. Before the founding of the PRC, he was the Secretary of the East China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the commissar of the New Fourth Army, the political commissar of the East China military region and the Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. After the founding of the PRC, he was chairman of the East China military and Political Committee and Secretary of the Central East China Bureau, Central People's government, member of the Central People's Revolutionary Military Committee, and the first Secretary of the Shanghai municipal Party committee of People's Republic of China. . Later, he formed a gaorao anti party alliance and was dismissed, arrested and sentenced by Pan Hannian. He died of illness on February 72, 1975.

Character experience

On November 23, 1903, Rao Shushi was born into a small intellectual family in Huanzhou, Zhongling, Linchuan, Jiangxi Province. As a teenager, he studied in Linru primary school, provincial No.7 Middle School and Nanchang Xinyuan private middle school.

He was admitted to Jiujiang nanweilie school in 1922 and Shanghai University in 1924. Proficient in English and Russian.

When the May 4th Movement broke out in 1919, Rao Shushi studied in Nanchang. He actively participated in the student movement in Nanchang. After returning to Linchuan in the summer vacation, together with Fu lie, who came back from Shanghai, he contacted the students in the county and the progressives in the society and set up a drama club to carry out anti imperialist and patriotic propaganda activities by acting. The troupe has performed in Fuhui hall for many times, with an audience of more than 2000 people every night. In this regard, the reactionary forces were very hateful, and the Tuan Ding of Linchuan business group broke into Fuhui hall to make trouble. Rao Shushi and Fu lie led the masses to fight firmly against the commercial troupe, forcing the commercial troupe to admit their mistakes to the drama society, and compensated for the medical expenses of the injured pickets, thus achieving a complete victory in the struggle.

In 1923, Rao Shushi joined the Communist Youth League of China and served as the Secretary of the second branch of Jiujiang local youth league. He founded "xungung society" and published "xungung" and "Jiangsheng daily". He led the student movement of nanweilie school for many times, and organized the establishment of "tailors union" and "women workers union". Later, he was elected chairman of the first Jiujiang Student Union and attended the first national student union meeting held in Shanghai.

In the summer and autumn of 1924, Rao Shushi transferred to Shanghai University to study and joined the leadership of the workers' club founded by Li Lisan and others in xiaoshadu, Huxi, Shanghai.

He joined the Communist Party of China in 1925. He once served as secretary of the party and League of the strike committee of the Western District of Shanghai. He was responsible for the work of workers and student league members. He also participated in the strike struggle of workers in Shanghai silk factory and Nanyang Brothers Tobacco Company, and took part in and led the May 30th anti imperialist patriotic struggle in Shanghai.

From the end of 1926 to March 1927, he served as a member of the special action committee of Shanghai workers' armed uprising composed of Chen Duxiu and Zhou Enlai. He worked actively and with strong ability. He was at a low ebb in the white area. He made great contributions to the recovery and development of the party organizations in the white area. As a result, he soon came to the fore and became a leader of the Shanghai workers' movement.

After Chiang Kai Shek launched the "April 12" counter revolutionary coup, Rao Shushi, as a member of the central delegation and a special commissioner of Jiangxi provincial Party committee, visited Northeast Jiangxi.

In 1928, he served as secretary of the Northeast Jiangxi special committee of the Communist Party of China and Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League. Yiyang County Party committee and Hengfeng county Party committee of CPC were established in Yiyang and Hengfeng successively, and zodiac was appointed as the Secretary of Yiyang County Party committee of CPC and Fang Zhimin as the Secretary of Hengfeng county Party committee of CPC. He, Fang Zhimin and the zodiac organized and led the famous Yiheng uprising, which laid the foundation for the establishment of the Northeast Jiangxi base and the formation of the red ten army.

In April 1928, Rao Shushi was sent back to his hometown Linchuan by the party to take charge of the rebellion. At that time, the garrison in Linchuan was Yang ruxuan division. Rao Shushi convened a secret meeting of more than ten junior officers of the Yang ruxuan division (most of them are underground workers of our party), and decided to organize a "soldiers committee" to launch a soldiers' riot. Because the Yang division left Linchuan soon, it was unsuccessful. Rao was nearly arrested after the incident was revealed.

In December 1928, Rao Shushi was transferred back to Shanghai as Secretary General of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League.

In 1929, he went to Northeast China to serve as secretary of the Communist Youth League's northern Manchuria Provincial Party committee, and once acted as secretary of the Communist Party's Manchuria Provincial Party committee (Liu Shaoqi was the propaganda minister of the Communist Party's Manchuria Provincial Party committee after he was released from prison, and was once Rao's subordinate). During his work in Northeast China, Rao Zeng was responsible for organizing the rescue of Liu Shaoqi, and succeeded in organizing the general strike of textile workers in Fengtian. He visited Harbin for many times and successfully organized the strike of workers' Congress of Harbin leather shoes factory with Tang Jujing and others.

In April 1930, Rao Shushi was arrested and jailed together with Zhao Shangzhi and other 30 people for the so-called "Manchuria sabotage case", which was determined to be shot. After the party organization sent someone to do Zhang Xueliang's work, he was jailed. In prison, Rao Suo Shi suffered all kinds of torture, but he was unyielding. In prison, he set up a party and League branch secretary's Committee, led the poor friends to fight bravely against the enemy, took the lead in hunger strike and won the victory. He was infected with the plague and nearly died. After the September 18th Incident, Rao Shushi and Zhao Shangzhi were rescued from prison by the party organization.

After he was released from prison, Rao Shushi went to the Soviet Union to study, and was sent by the Communist International to Western Europe, Eastern Europe, the United States and other places to carry out the secret work of the party.

At the beginning of 1932, Rao Shushi returned to China to work as a trade union in Shanghai. He successively served as director and Secretary of the party and League of the Shanghai workers' Federation, director and Secretary General of the Propaganda Department of the all China Federation of trade unions, and Secretary of the party and League of the Shanghai executive bureau of the all China Federation of trade unions.

In 1933, Rao Shushi was transferred to the director of the North China Office of the all China Federation of trade unions. In August, he also served as the Deputy Secretary of the provisional provincial Party committee of Hebei Province. Since the leadership of the Provisional Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was transferred to the Central Soviet Area, Rao Shushi once presided over the party's work in the white area and was responsible for the contact with the Communist International.

From 1935 to 1938, Rao Shushi was sent to work in the Soviet Union as the international representative of red workers of the all China Federation of trade unions. During this period, Rao Shushi attended the Seventh Congress of the Communist International. During the Congress, he and Wang Ming jointly drafted the famous "August 1 declaration" (that is, the letter to all compatriots for resisting Japan and saving the nation issued by the CPC Central Committee), which laid the foundation for the United Front of resisting Japan and saving the nation. He traveled to France, Britain and the United States, engaged in international united front work, publicized the CPC's Anti Japanese ideas among overseas Chinese, and raised a lot of money and materials for the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army. Bethune was mobilized by the Communist Party of the United States and Canada to treat the wounded in Yan'an. He has also edited or founded pioneer, national salvation times and overseas Chinese daily. It has made important contributions to expanding the influence of the Communist Party of China overseas.

In February 1938, Rao Shushi attended the world anti aggression conference held in London, England, and wrote "Chinese working class fighting for freedom and peace" under the pseudonym of Zhao Jiansheng, which was very popular among the participants. Rao Shushi is a rare international political activist in the Communist Party of China.

In 1939, Rao Shushi took the initiative to return home to participate in the Anti Japanese and national salvation struggle.

In February 1940, he served as secretary of the overseas Chinese Committee of the CPC Central Committee. In June, he was sent to southern Anhui by the CPC Central Committee as Deputy Secretary of the Southeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, assisting Xiang Ying, Secretary of the Southeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. At that time, Rao was also in charge of the work in the white area. Under the oppression of the New Fourth Army by the Kuomintang, Rao Shushi's work in the white area was very effective. He established underground transportation stations in Fujian, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places respectively, so that the New Fourth Army still had a better external environment surrounded by the Kuomintang. This not only contributed to the development of the New Fourth Army in the south, but also played a decisive role It opened up a situation of mass work under the leadership of the Communist Party of China in Kuomintang controlled areas. Liu Shaoqi called Rao Shushi "an excellent and mature young revolutionist".

In January 1941, the South Anhui incident shocked China and foreign countries, in which Xiang Ying and Zhou zikun were killed. The CPC Central Committee decided that Ye Ting and Rao Shushi would be in charge of the New Fourth Army. The enemy called for Ye Ting to negotiate, but Ye Ting didn't understand. Rao Shushi repeatedly urged Ye Ting to go out to negotiate, but ye still failed. Finally, in the name of the party, Rao Shushi had to ask Ye Ting to go down the mountain to negotiate with the Kuomintang. Rao said that this is for the cause of the party, not an individual act. As long as he can go out alive, he can testify to the Central Committee. Ye Ting finally listened to Rao's advice and took the people around him to negotiate, winning time for the officers and men of the New Fourth Army to break through the encirclement and protecting a large number of backbone forces of the New Fourth Army. Seeing that Ye Ting was gone forever, Rao Shushi knew that there was more danger than good, so he organized people to break through separately. After he was caught by Kuomintang soldiers, he bribed them with his silver dollars. He was able to escape and went through all the hardships to Shanghai. Later, Rao returned to the military headquarters of the New Fourth Army in Yancheng as Deputy Secretary of the central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and director of the Political Department of the New Fourth Army. It can be said that Rao Shushi suffered a severe test in the South Anhui Incident, which reflected his extraordinary courage and insight, and thus established his position in the New Fourth Army.

In March 1942, Liu Shaoqi left central China for Yan'an. Rao Shushi, then director of the Political Department of the New Fourth Army, acted as secretary of the central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and political commissar of the New Fourth Army. Together with Chen Yi and others, he organized and directed the anti "mopping up" in winter 1942 in Huaibei, anti "mopping up" in winter 1942 in dawushan, anti "mopping up" in Tancheng campaign, anti "mopping up" in spring 1943 in Yanfu, and anti "Qingxiang" struggle in Central Jiangsu.

In November 1943, Chen Yi went to Yan'an to report his work. Later, he took part in the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Rao Shushi took charge of the central China Bureau and the New Fourth Army. Together with Zhang Yunyi, Lai Chuanzhu, Su Yu and others, he successfully organized

Chinese PinYin : Rao Shu Shi