Zhang Jian

Zhang Jian

Zhang Jian (115-198) was born in Gaoping County, Shanyang County (now Zoucheng City, Shandong Province). In the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was one of the eight Juns, the son of Zhang Cheng, the governor of Jiangxia.

During the reign of emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, he set up Shanyang County (zhaichao) to supervise the postal service in the East, and impeached Zhongchang houlan. He was framed by Hou LAN and went into exile. He was born with a simple background and was granted the title of a young master, but he refused to take up the post.

When Han Xiandi used up his property to save the people. In the early years of Jian'an, he was awarded Wei Wei. In the face of Cao Cao's dictatorship, he refused to participate in political affairs. Jian'an died in 1984.

Life of the characters

Grudge Hou LAN

Zhang Jian claims to be the descendant of Zhang Er, the king of Zhao. His father, Zhang Cheng, was once the prefect of Jiangxia. At first, he was elected as a maocai by the village, but he was not satisfied with the governor, so he refused to go.

In A.D. 165 (the eighth year of Yanxi), Zhai Chao, the governor of Shanyang, invited Zhang Jian to be the postmaster of the East. At that time, Hou Lan's family was in Fangdong. His family members were cruel and lawless. Zhang Jian exposed the crimes of Hou LAN and his mother and asked the court to put them to death. The emperor Huan didn't see it. Zhang Jian and Hou LAN had a grudge.

At that time, the people who pursued high moral integrity at home and abroad flaunted each other, pointed out the celebrities in the world, and set up the label. Among them, Zhang Jian, cen min, Liu Biao, Chen Xiang, Kong Yu, Yuan Kang, Tan Fu and Zhai Chao are the "eight Harmonies". "And" means to be able to guide others to worship.

Fleeing everywhere

Zhu Bing, a native of houlan, was obsequious and dirty in nature. Zhang Jian despised him very much. Zhu also hated him very much. He wrote a letter falsely accusing Zhang Jian of establishing a different name with 24 fellow villagers, being a friend together and trying to harm the country.

The court then ordered Zhang Jian to be arrested and Zhu Bing's name cut off to show that he kept secret. Zhang Jian ran for his life and left in a mess. Wherever he went, he would stay in the same house when it was dark. There was no one who didn't respect his reputation and conduct. Even if his family would be ruined, he would take him in. Later he went into exile to Donglai and hid in Li Du's home. Wai Huang ordered Mao Qin to lead his troops to his home. Li Du said to Mao Qin, "Zhang Jian is famous all over the world. It's not because he is guilty that he escaped. Even if you see Zhang Jian, can you have the heart to catch him? " Mao Qin stood up, stroked Li Du's back and said to him, "it's shameful for Jue Bo Yu to be a gentleman alone. Why do you specialize in benevolence and righteousness alone?" Li Du said, "although I am Li Du, you have got half of the righteousness today." Maoqin left with a sigh. Therefore, Li Du was able to send Zhang Jian out of the fortress, and Zhang Jian was saved from death. Ten of the families where Zhang Jian lived were killed, and all the relatives of the clan were killed, so the counties and counties were devastated.

Relief for villagers

In 184 ad (the first year of Zhongping), Danggu was lifted, and Zhang Jiancai returned to his hometown. General He Jin and Sangong recruited him and elected him to be a simple and honest man. They also sent public cars to serve as Shaofu, but Zhang Jian didn't take up the post. In the early years of emperor Xiandi's succession to the throne, there were wars in all directions, and the people were hungry. Zhang Jian's family was still relatively rich, so he took out his property to relieve the villagers, and hundreds of people lived on it.

die in one's bed

In the early years of Jian'an (196-220), the imperial court recruited Zhang Jian as Wei Wei, and Zhang Jian accepted the appointment as a last resort. Zhang Jian saw that Cao Cao had the ambition of usurping, so he closed his door and hung up his car. More than a year later, Zhang Jian died in Xudu at the age of 84.

According to the collection of sages and sages, when Cao Pi was the prime minister and the king of Wei, Zhang Jian and other twenty-four people were honored as twenty-four sages.

Historical evaluation

Li Du: "Zhang Jian is famous all over the world, but his death is not his crime. Would you rather be patient and persevere if you could be frugal? "

Kong Rong's epigraph of Wei Wei Zhang Jian said, "Huan Huan, my Lord, should be the spirit of heaven. Hao Su's quality, Yun Di's loyalty. Four ambition straight road, into not proud, go to Ji proud minister, hair such as shock ting. Ling Gang destroys the firm, regards the danger as peaceful. "The Lord conquers love, and orders him to be the lips of the throat."

Fan Ye wrote in the book of the later Han Dynasty: "first, if a man is good, he will be worse. If he is wrong, he will be right. If fan Pang and Zhang Jianzhi's disciples were pure hearted and avoid evil, they would eventually fall into the party discussion, wouldn't they? " (2) in the past, when Wei and Qi died in violation of the law, Yu Qing released the seal; when Ji Bu fled, Zhu Jiagan was guilty. When Zhang Jian saw the king in anger, he pretended to be the king. When the world heard about him, he pitied his ambition and fought for the master. It's not wise to donate to the city committee, to destroy the family and to build hundreds of houses! However, frugality is only a matter of one hand, and if you want to block the river alone, you will end up in a serious disorder. It's common to see that you don't know the quantity. " (3) Wei River is turbid by Jing River, and jade is pure by gravel. The physical property is not only regional, but also vicious. There is no combination of orchid and spear. I hate Fang Gao, but the lamp is bright. "

Liu Qi: "in the reign of Huan and Ling, the government was confused, the treacherous officials were good at power, the scholar's style was fierce, and they were brave to speak up to each other, so they fought for fame and integrity. Yuan an, Yang Zhen, Li Gu, Du Qiao, Chen fan's disciples resisted the court, Guo Tai, fan Pang, cen min, Zhang Jian's disciples argued in the wild. Although the country was defeated, the existence of the public debate could still make the disorderly officials and thieves fear."

Tan Sitong: "stop at the door, think about Zhang Jian, and wait for Dugen for a moment."

Anecdotes and allusions

stop over wherever there is a house

It comes from the biography of Zhang Jian in the later Han Dynasty: "frugality leads to desperation. When you are trapped, you are forced to run away. If you want to stop at the door, you should pay attention to your name and conduct, and be compatible with your family." After the general refers to the situation in a hurry, too late to choose where to live.

Family members

ancestors

Zhang Er was made king of Zhao by Liu Bang.

father

Zhang Cheng was once the governor of Jiangxia.

Historical records

The 57th biography of Danggu

It is also recorded in Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Volume 56, Han Ji 48.

personal works

"Quanhou Hanwen" includes "Ju Zou Zhong Chang Shi Hou LAN sin Qian" and "you Zou".

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Jian