Li Zhilong

Li Zhilong

Li Zhilong (December 10, 1897 - February 8, 1928) was born in Mianyang, Hubei Province. He joined the Hukou uprising in 1913, Yantai Naval School in 1916, and the Communist Party of China in August 1921.

In 1924, he was admitted to the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy. In February 1925, he made the first eastern expedition. In October of the same year, he was appointed director of the Political Department of the Navy Bureau. In 1926, he was promoted to acting director of the Navy Bureau, chief of staff of the Navy Bureau and captain of the Zhongshan warship, and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general.

In March 1926, Chiang Kai Shek made the "Zhongshan ship incident" and arrested Li Zhilong, who was dismissed after "acquitted".

After the failure of the great revolution, Li Zhilong successively went into exile in Guangzhou and Japan.

On February 6, 1928, Li Zhilong returned to Guangzhou from Japan via Hong Kong. He was arrested on the same day and killed in Huanghuagang on February 8.

Life of the characters

Li Zhilong (1897-1928) was born on November 17, 1897 (December 10, 1897) in Duyao village, Xiliuhe Town, Mianyang County, Hubei Province. At the age of 7, he went to the primary school attached to Lianghu normal school in Wuchang with his father and graduated in 1911. In the autumn of 1912, he was admitted to the English class of Wuchang foreign language college. Soon after, Sun Yat Sen launched the "second revolution". In July 1913, 16-year-old Li Zhilong went to Jiangxi with his fourth Uncle Li Guoliang to take part in the Hukou uprising led by Li Liejun. After the uprising failed, Li Zhilong returned to school and was expelled from the school for participating in the "anti president struggle for democracy" movement. Li Zhilong was admitted to Wuchang high school In the autumn of 1916, Li Zhilong was admitted to Yantai Naval School and was determined to fight for the establishment of the Chinese Navy and the defense of the motherland's coastal defense. During his schooling, Li Zhilong paid close attention to the domestic situation, organized student gatherings to discuss Zhang Xun's restoration, mobilized students, School workers and soldiers to march on the streets in support of the May 4th movement, and began to work Accept revolutionary ideas. In 1921, he met Dong Biwu and Chen Tanqiu, the early leaders of the Communist Party of China, and returned to Wuhan to participate in revolutionary activities. In August of the same year, he joined the Communist Party of China. He once taught at Wuhan middle school and Henan Chenzhou (now Huaiyang) middle school. In February 1923, he was wanted by Hubei government for taking part in the February 7th strike. In July of the same year, Tan Pingshan and others introduced him to join the Kuomintang. At the beginning of 1924, he was a member of the Hankou local executive committee of the Communist Party of China. He was transferred to Guangzhou by Xuan Feng as an English translator of the former Soviet Union consultant Borodin. In April, he was admitted to the first issue of Huangpu Military Academy and was assigned to the second student team. In July, the party headquarters of the special region of the Huangpu Military Academy of the Kuomintang was established, and he served as the first executive committee member as a student representative. In addition to Chiang Kai Shek and Chen Fu, Li Zhilong, Jin fo Zhuang and Yan Fengyi are all members of the CPC. In October, he took part in putting down the rebellion of the merchant group. After graduating in November, he worked in the Political Department of the military academy. In January 1925, Li Zhilong, Chen Geng, Jiang Xianyun, etc. organized the Xuehua drama club as its president, creating and starring in the drama new era. In February, he, together with Jiang Xianyun, Wang Yifei and Zhou Yiqun, initiated the establishment of the China young servicemen's Federation, which is one of the main leaders of the Federation. Later, he took part in the first eastern expedition and served as the party representative of the training regiment and battalion of the student army. Due to his outstanding performance, he was transferred to the post of director of the Political Department of the naval Bureau and director of the Naval Staff Office of the national government in October, conferring the rank of major general. In January 1926, the head of the Navy, smilov of the Soviet Union, returned home. Li Zhilong was promoted to acting head of the Navy and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general. Later, he also served as the captain of the Zhongshan warship (Li Zhilong was the first student in the first phase of Huangpu to wear the general star epaulet and the first member of the Communist Party to be awarded the rank of lieutenant general). On March 18, 1926, Li Zhilong was ordered to dispatch Baobi and Zhongshan warships to Huangpu gate for standby on March 19. On March 20, the so-called "Zhongshan warship incident" occurred. Chiang Kai Shek arrested Li Zhilong and released him, but he was dismissed from his post. On April 14, he was appointed Director of the new drama troupe of the General Political Department of the national revolutionary army. After the outbreak of the northern expedition, the General Political Department of the National Revolutionary Army changed the new market of the folk playground in Hankou into the Central People's club, named "Blood Flower World". The national government appointed Li Zhilong as the director of the Central People's club and the president of the blood Flower Daily. However, Chen Duxiu and Zhang Guotao refused to restore his party membership. Just when Li Zhilong was distressed that he could not recover his party membership, Chiang Kai Shek sent people to Wuhan to find him, hoping that he would "get lost and know how to return". Before the April 12 incident, he sent a telegram to Li Zhilong, telling him to go to Nanjing immediately. In 1927, Chiang Kai Shek launched the "April 12" coup. Li Zhilong published the article "the truth of the" March 20 "counter revolutionary coup" in the people's daily sponsored by the Central People's club, exposing the truth of the "Zhongshan warship incident" and denouncing Chiang Kai Shek publicly. After the confluence of Nanjing and Han, Li Zhilong secretly organized the new navy society in Wuhan to engage in the military movement. Later, he went to Shanghai in an attempt to instigate the uprising of warships such as Zhongshan, Baobi and liberty. Soon, he went to Guangzhou to work as a Hong Kong merchant in the Navy's military transportation. Soon after, Li Zhilong's identity was exposed and he was forced to go eastward to Japan. On February 6, 1928, Li Zhilong secretly returned to Guangzhou via Hong Kong on a French cruise from Japan, preparing to continue his counterinsurgency work in the Navy. As soon as he got off the ship, he was found by the spy. Late that night, the spy surrounded Li Zhilong's residence at 136 Haoxian road and was arrested again. The next day, when Chiang Kai Shek learned that Li Zhilong had been arrested, he immediately sent a telegram to Li Jishen, who presided over the "Qing party" in Guangzhou, ordering Li to be sent to Nanjing. After receiving the call, Li Jishen called Chen CE, commander of the fourth fleet of the Navy, who was responsible for the case of Li Zhilong, and asked him to escort Li Zhilong to his headquarters. However, Chen CE sentenced Li Zhilong to death for "instigating a naval rebellion" and executed him in Huanghuagang on February 8. before his death, Li Zhilong wrote a letter to his wife, which said: "my duty of revolution is over now. Don't be sad. I hope you will bring up your children and inherit my unfinished revolutionary career. "

Character related

Zhongshan ship incident

On March 18, 1926, the most elite warship of the national army, Zhongshan, suddenly sailed into Huangpu without receiving any orders. The Zhongshan warship, taking off its artillery uniform, set out to fight and docked beside the Huangpu Military Academy. After that, Chiang Kai Shek, President of Huangpu Military Academy and commander of Guangzhou garrison headquarters, went against the normal. He sent troops to arrest Li Zhilong, captain of Zhongshan warship and Communist Party member, put Wang Jingwei, leader of the Kuomintang party, government and army under house arrest, and surrounded the Soviet military advisory group since Li Zhilong became the acting director of the Navy and the captain of the Zhongshan warship, Ouyang Ge, the principal of the Naval School who wanted to be the director of the Navy, was the most unhappy. On March 18, 1926, in the name of the provincial Office of Huangpu Military Academy, he conveyed Chiang Kai Shek's order to the Navy Bureau, asking the Navy bureau to quickly send two warships to Huangpu for dispatch. Li Zhilong issued a transfer order to be executed by the captains of Baobi and Zhongshan. On the 19th, two ships were ordered to berth in front of the gate of Huangpu Military Academy and fire on standby. In the afternoon, because the Soviet advisory group was going to inspect the fleet, Li Zhilong called Chiang Kai Shek to ask if the Zhongshan ship could return to Guangzhou. Chiang Kai Shek learned that the Zhongshan ship was moored in Huangpu. "Last night, Ouyang Ge, director of the military academy's provincial office, asked for the ship. He said it was ordered by the headmaster." Hearing this, Chiang Kai Shek said, "I didn't ask you to drive. If you want to drive back, just drive back." Li Zhilong didn't understand, but since the headmaster agreed, he ordered Zou Yi, the chief of the combat section, to send a telegram to Zhang Chentong, the acting captain of the Zhongshan warship, ordering the Zhongshan warship to return to the provincial capital immediately. At about 6:30 p.m., the Zhongshan ship returned to Guangzhou. Afterwards, Chiang Kai Shek thought that the "Zhongshan ship incident" was a conspiracy, so Li Zhilong's fate was ill fated. On the unusual transfer of the Zhongshan warship, two officers on duty of the Navy Bureau left such a historical record: at 7 am on the 19th, the mainstay called: the Zhongshan warship was exported at 7 am on the 19th. At 7:30, the mainstay called: Baobi warship was exported at 6:00. At 6 pm, the mainstay called: the entrance of Zhongshan warship. At 6:25, the commander of Jiangfang reported that the entrance of Zhongshan warship. late at night on March 19, 1926, early in the morning on March 20, Li Zhilong and his newly married wife pan Huiqin were suddenly arrested at Wende building in Guangzhou City (on jinwende East Road). Meanwhile, Chen Gongbo took a bus to Wang Jingwei's house to discuss countermeasures. Later, there were also Tan Yankai, Zhu Peide, Song Ziwen and Li Jishen. Wang Jingwei was ill at home. Tan Yankai handed over a letter from Chiang Kai Shek. The letter said that the Communist Party intended to cause chaos and the situation was extremely dangerous. He had to take responsibility to deal with it urgently and ask the chairman to forgive him. On March 21 (22), the Central Political Committee of the Kuomintang held a meeting at Wang's house to discuss the aftermath of the incident. Jiang Jieshi, Zhu Peide, Li Jishen, Wu Tiecheng, Tan Yankai, Wu Chaoshu and others attended. Wang Jingwei was still sick, while Chiang Kai Shek was silent. At the end of the meeting, it was decided to investigate and punish Li Zhilong and other misguided military orders, restrict the activities of the Communist Party, urge the Soviet Union to recall Ji Shanjia, a military adviser who disagreed with Chiang Kai Shek, and discuss how to stop the strike between the province and Hong Kong. At the meeting, it was also decided to ask Wang Jingwei to take a temporary rest. After the meeting, Wang Jingwei, citing the recurrence of liver disease as an excuse, lived in seclusion in Chen Yaozu's house at No. 63 Fengyuan Street (now No. 205 Baoyuan Road). On May 15, the second plenary session of the Kuomintang Central Committee was held, and Chiang Kai Shek's leading position in the Kuomintang was established. This is the "Zhongshan warship incident" that caused a sensation for a time. It is worth mentioning that Chiang Kai Shek once said about the "Zhongshan ship incident":

Chinese PinYin : Li Zhi Long