Gongsun Zan

Gongsun Zan

Gongsun Zan? In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, he was a military general and warlord, and one of the heroes in the late Han Dynasty.

Gongsun Zan was born into a noble family. Because of his mother's humble status, he was only a petty official in the county. Because of its beautiful appearance, loud voice, resourcefulness and eloquence, it was appreciated by the governor of Zhuo county. After that, he gradually achieved the goal of Zhonglang general, fighting against the northern nomads with a tough attitude, fighting bravely and shaking the border. Gongsun Zan was belligerent, and he was at odds with Liu Yu, who advocated the policy of treating Hu people with tenderness. In 193, Gongsun Zan killed Liu Yu and took the envoys of the imperial court. He was authorized by the governor of the four northern states and became one of the most powerful princes in the north.

Gongsun Zan and Yuan Shao fought each other for many times and occupied the advantage in the early stage. However, after the war of longcuo, they adopted the strategy of self-protection and gradually lost the trust of their subordinates and were defeated by Yuan Shao. Finally, he was trapped in a high building and set himself on fire.

(source: ye Xiong's biography of characters in the romance of the Three Kingdoms)

Life of the characters

Early experience

Gongsun Zan was an aristocratic son, but because of his mother's humble background, he could only serve as a Book assistant. He was invited to be his son-in-law because of his beauty, sonorous voice and intelligence. With the help of his father-in-law, he worked with Liu Bei and Liu deran as teachers in Lu Zhi. He was also a student of Liu Kuan's family. He shared the same family with Wang Yi, Fu Xie and Wei Jie (recorded in the later Han Dynasty and the continuation of Han Dynasty).

Gongsun Zan later served as the imperial chariot under Liu Qi (Liu Ji). When Liu Qi broke the law and was handed over to zhourinan, he dared to disguise himself as a soldier and escort him along the way. On the way, Liu Qi was pardoned and returned. After Gongsun Zan returned, he was promoted to be honest and filial, and was appointed as the governor of Liaodong. Once Gong sun Zan went out with dozens of cavalry to patrol the pass. Seeing hundreds of Xianbei cavalry, Gong sun Zan retreated to the empty Pavilion and said to his entourage, "if you don't take the initiative to attack, you will be killed." With a spear in hand, he drove his horse into the Xianbei army and killed dozens of people. Although he survived, he lost more than half of his life. Xianbei people take this as a warning and dare not enter the pass easily. Gongsun Zan was promoted to Zhuoxian county magistrate.

Megatron beyond the Great Wall

During the reign of Guanghe (178-184), bianzhang and hansui rebelled. The imperial court recruited 3000 elite cavalry from Youzhou (now southwest of Beijing City), and gave Gongsun Zan a talisman to command the 3000 cavalry. When Gongsun Zan led his army to Jizhong, Zhang Chun, a native of Yuyang (now southwest of Miyun in Beijing), lured Qiu Liju, the leader of Wuhuan in western Liaoning Province, and other rebels to capture youbeiping county (now Southeast of Fengrun in Hebei Province) and the cities of Liaoxi county. Gongsun Zan pursued Zhang Chun and other traitors with 3000 cavalry troops, made great contributions and was promoted to the rank of commander in chief. At this time, the leader of Wuhuan was so greedy that the king led the people to surrender to Gongsun Zan. Gongsun Zan was promoted to Zhonglang general, and was granted the title of Duting marquis. He entered the vassal state. In the following five or six years, he fought with the nomads in the north.

In 188, Gongsun Zan fought with Zhang Chun and Qiu Liju in Shimen, the eastern Liaoning Province. Zhang Chun was defeated, so Zhang Chun left his wife and children and fled to Xianbei. Gongsun Zan continued to pursue, but because he was too deep, he was besieged by Qiu Liju in Guanzi city of western Liaoning for more than 200 days. His food was exhausted, and his soldiers collapsed, and most of them died and injured. Qiu Liju's army was exhausted and left Liucheng. The imperial court ordered Gongsun Zan to be the commander of Jianglu, the Marquis of tinghou, and also the commander of the state. Gongsun Zan then led the troops and guarded the border. Every time he heard the enemy's attack, Gongsun Zan's voice was quick and fierce. When he fought, he seemed to beat his own enemy, even until the end of the night. From then on, Wu Huan was afraid of Gongsun Zan's bravery and did not dare to invade again. Gongsun Zan often rode white horses with dozens of people who were good at riding and shooting around him. They were on each other's left and right wings and called themselves "white horse Yicong".

During the Yellow turban rebellion, Qiu Liju lived in chaolueqing, Xu, you and Ji. The four states were harmed by it, and Gongsun Zan could not resist it.

The imperial court sent Zongzheng Liu Yu to be the herdsman of Youzhou. After Liu Yu took office, he sent envoys to the nomads and ordered them to present Zhang Chun's head. When Qiu Liju and others heard that Liu Yu had arrived, they sent envoys one after another to communicate with each other. Worried about Liu Yu's contribution, Gong sun Zan secretly sent someone to assassinate these envoys on the way. When the nomads understood this, they made a detour to Liu Yu. Liu Yu reported to the court that the garrison troops had been removed, leaving Gongsun Zan to garrison more than ten thousand infantry and cavalry in youbeiping.

In March of 189, Zhang Chun was killed by Wang Zheng, his disciple, and gave his head to Liu Yu. Liu Yu was granted the post of Taiwei for his meritorious service in pacifying the nomadic people and was granted the title of Marquis of Xiangben. Soon after, Liu Yu was moved to be the chief Sima, Gongsun Zan was the general Fenwu, and was granted the title of Jihou.

Big broken yellow scarf

In the second year of Chuping (191), the yellow scarf army of Qingzhou attacked the Bohai Sea (now the northeast of Nanpi, Hebei Province), and gathered 300000 people to join the army of Heishan. Gongsun Zan led 20000 people to break through the yellow scarf of Qingzhou in the south of Dongguang and beheaded more than 30000 people. The yellow scarf army in Qingzhou abandoned its supplies and ran across the river. Gongsun Zan defeated the yellow scarf army again when they were halfway through. Tens of thousands of people died, more than 70000 people were captured, and there were countless chariots and belongings. Therefore, Gongsun Zan was famous.

A grudge against Liu Yuan

At first, when Gongsun Zan and Liu Yu attacked wuwan together, Gongsun Zan was restrained by Liu Yu. But because Gongsun Zan had a strong army, he indulged his troops and plundered the people many times, while Liu Yu was very kind to the people. As a result, their relationship gradually deteriorated.

Liu Xie, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, wanted to return to Luoyang in the East. He sent Liu He, the son of Liu Yu, to escape from Chang'an. He secretly went out of Wuguan to find Liu Yu and asked Liu Yu to lead his troops to meet him. Liu He passed by Yuanshu and told Yuanshu about it. Yuan Shu detains Liu He and asks him to write a letter to Liu Yu, promising to wait for Liu Yu to lead his troops to support Yuan Shu and go to Chang'an together. Gongsun Zan knew that Yuan Shu would rebel and stopped Liu Yu, but Liu Yu did not listen. Gongsun Zan was worried that Yuan Shu would hate him when he knew about it. He sent his cousin Gongsun Yue to Yuan Shu to marry him with more than a thousand cavalry, and secretly let Yuan Shu detain Liu He and seize Liu He's troops. Therefore, the contradiction between Gongsun Zan and Liu Yu is deeper and deeper.

Yuan Shu sent Gongsun Yue to help Sun Jian attack Zhou ang. Gongsun Yue was shot by liuya and died. Gongsun Zan said angrily, "my brother's death is caused by Yuan Shao." So troops were stationed in Panhe (now Hebei Province) to revenge Yuan Shao. Yuan Shao was so frightened that he gave the seal of the prefect of Bohai prefecture to Gongsun Zan's cousin Gongsun fan and sent him to Nanpi to help him. Gongsun fan betrayed Yuan Shao and helped Gongsun Zan with Bohai troops to attack the Huangjin army in Qingzhou and Xuzhou. The army became more and more powerful and entered Jieqiao (the former site was in Weixian County, Hebei Province). Gongsun Zan himself appointed Yan Gang as the herdsman of Jizhou, Tian Kai as the herdsman of Qingzhou, and Shan Jing as the herdsman of Yanzhou (now in the northwest of Jinxiang County, Shandong Province), and allocated the county magistrate.

Fighting for Jizhou

In the third year of Chuping (192), yuan shaotun fought with Gongsun Zan in Guangchuan county (now the northeast of Zaoqiang County in Hebei Province) 20 miles south of Jieqiao. Gongsun Zan formed a square array with 20000 infantry, with more than 5000 cavalry on his left and right wings. Yuan Shao ordered his general Qu Yi to lead 800 elite soldiers in front of him, and put a thousand strong crossbows on both wings. Gongsun Zan despised yuan Shaobing and sent his cavalry to battle. Qu Yi ordered his soldiers to stay in the ground and wait for Gongsun Zan's army to arrive ten steps ago. Gongsun Zan was defeated by the same attack. Yuan Shaojun captured Yan Gang alive and beheaded him. Quyi chased Gongsun Zan to Jieqiao. Gongsun Zan led his troops to fight back and was defeated again. So Gongsun Zan fled to Jixian county (now Daxing District of Beijing) and built a small town in the southeast of the county. He was close to Liu Yu and gradually formed hatred. Yuan Shao sent Cui Juye to attack Gongsun Zan's Gu'an. When he led the army back to the south, he was overtaken by Gongsun Zan's army in jumashui, and was defeated. Seven thousand people were killed. Gongsun Zan wanted to take advantage of the victory, but he was defeated by Yuan Shao in longcuo, and the two sides reached a balance of power.

Attack Liu Yu

In 193, Liu Yu believed that Gongsun Zan's fighting against Yuan Shao was a serious persecution to the common people, so he wanted to control Gongsun Zan's behavior. However, Gongsun Zan was furious when he heard about it, and then he plundered the people even more severely, which deepened the contradiction between Gongsun Zan and Liu Yu.

Finally, in order to stop Gongsun Zan's evil behavior, Liu Yu decided to lead 100000 soldiers to attack Gongsun Zan. At that time, Gongsun Zan's trilogy was scattered, and he wanted to flee from the east city in a hurry. Liu Yu's soldiers were not used to fighting, and they issued military orders not to harass the people or damage the houses, which led to long-term attack. Gongsun Zan then recruited hundreds of elite soldiers and set fire to Liu Yu's barracks. Liu Yu and his subordinates fled north to Juyong county (now yanqingdong, Beijing). Gongsun Zan conquered Juyong city in three days, captured Liu Yu and his wife and children alive and returned to Jixian County. At this time, Dong Zhuo was dead. Emperor Xian sent Duan Xun, an emissary, to increase the fiefdom for Liu Yu. He ordered Liu Yu to be in charge of six prefectures and promoted Gongsun Zan to be a former general and Marquis of Yi. Gongsun Zan framed Liu Yu and Yuan shaomou as emperors and forced Duan Xun to kill Liu Yu and his wife and children in Jishi. Gongsun Zan sent Liu Yu's head to the capital. He was robbed and buried by Liu Yu's old headquarters xiaweidun. After Gongsun Zan killed Liu Yu, he got the whole Youzhou. He was more and more arrogant, not compassionate to the people, forgetful of his demerits, and repayable.

Lien Chan lost in succession

In the second year of Xingping (195), Liu Yu's troops led by Yuyang xianyufu, Qi Zhou and qiduwei xianyuyin wanted to avenge Liu Yu. Because of Yan Rousu's kindness, they recommended Yan Rou as wuwan Sima. Yan Rou recruited Xianbei, wuwan and other soldiers, and won tens of thousands of Han and Hu soldiers. He fought with Zou Dan, the Yuyang prefect of Gongsun Zan, to the north of Luhe (today's Baihe), defeated Gongsun Zan's army and killed Zou Dan. Wu huanqiao also led his tribe and more than 7000 cavalry of Xianbei to meet Liu Yu's son Liu He and Yuan Shao's general Qu Yi with Xian Yufu. They attacked Gongsun Zan with a total of 100000 troops, defeated Gongsun Zan in Baoqiu and beheaded him more than 20000. As a result, Daijun, Guangyang, Shanggu and youbeiping all killed the officers set up by Gongsun Zan, and Xianjun

Chinese PinYin : Gong Sun Zan