Yang paoan

Yang paoan

Yang pao'an (November 1896 - August 1931) was born in Beishan village, Nanping Town, Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province (now Zhuhai City). His original name was Tao d'ao and his pen name was pao'an. He is a member of the Communist Party of China. Secretary and acting Minister of the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang, member of the Executive Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, initiator of the sun society, and pioneer of the new culture movement and dissemination of Marxism in South China.

In August 1931, Yang pao'an was secretly shot dead by Kuomintang reactionaries in the wasteland of Songhu police headquarters at the age of 35.

Life of the characters

Yang pao'an was born in November 1896 in Beishan village, Nanping Township, Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province. His father, Fu Xiang, made a living selling tea and porcelain. His mother, Chen Zhi, was born into an overseas Chinese family of officials and businessmen. He was skilled in needlework, strong in character, old-fashioned educated, and fond of poetry and calligraphy. Fu Xiang died of illness when pao'an was a child. She left a widow and a orphan. She lived on Chen Zhi's craft. Although she was poor, she didn't want to accept food from her mother's family. The gap between the rich and the poor in the old society sowed the seeds of dissatisfaction with the world in Yang paoan's young mind. Yang pao'an has been reading poetry and ancient prose with his mother since he was a child. Later, he claimed that he was "quite poetic when he was young". Most of it was nurtured by his mother.

In his childhood, Yang pao'an went to Gongdu school in his hometown. He most revered the national heroes in history, such as Yue Fei and Wen Tianxiang. Wen Tianxiang's eternal masterpiece of "who has never died in life since ancient times, leaving his heart to shine on history" often makes Yang paoan recite it. His excellent academic performance, poetry writing, early talent, often praised by teachers and friends. Later, he said in the preface to selected poems: when he was young, he "mistakenly called friends old by his poems". It can be seen that when he was young, he had a good reputation in the neighborhood of the school. After graduating from primary school, his family sold his land and entrusted his relatives to take him to Guangzhou to enter the Preparatory School of Guangdong and Guangxi higher education. Guangya college, the predecessor of Liangguang higher school, was founded by Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Liangguang in the late Qing Dynasty. It was the most famous school in South China. After the revolution of 1911, it was renamed Guangya middle school (now Guangya middle school). Before and after it was renamed, Wu Daorong, a famous Chinese scholar, and Huang Jie, a poet, served as the headmasters successively, offering mathematics, physics, chemistry, Japanese and other courses. Under the guidance of his good teacher, Yang pao'an not only laid a deep and broad foundation in the study of literature and history, but also widely contacted Zhang Zhidong's westernization school, Kang and Liang reformists, Sun Yat Sen's democratic revolutionary school, Liu Shifu's anarchism school and other social thoughts.

In 1911, the revolution of 1911 broke out, the new soldiers revolted and Xiangshan recovered. But the fruits of the revolution were soon usurped by Yuan Shikai. Sun Yat Sen launched the "second revolution" and declared failure. Long Jiguang, Yuan Shikai's running dog, occupied Guangdong. His bandit team "Jijun" stationed in Xiangshan, gambling, selling cigarettes, raping and plundering. During the revolution of 1911, the reactionary gentry who fled to Hong Kong and Macao came back one after another. The horror of feudal restoration permeated Xiangshan city and countryside for a while. Yang pao'an witnessed the drastic changes of political situation. He thought of his motherland, which has been civilized for thousands of years, and his hometown, which is beautiful in water and mountains, is still dominated by jackals, tigers and leopards. "The domineering spirit has sunk, but the cultural relics have been changed, and the clouds are falling, although the strings are sad.". He couldn't help wandering and thinking about the way out for his motherland, the way out for the younger generation, and what to do to wash away the humiliation and disaster imposed on this ancient nation by foreign invaders over the past hundred years.

After graduating from provincial No.1 middle school, Yang pao'an returned to his hometown Gongdu primary school to teach. Because he and his colleagues exposed the principal's corruption, he was falsely accused and put in prison. After he got out of prison, he saw through the darkness of society. In this year, with the hope of a bright future, he went to Yokohama, Japan by boat with his cousin Yang ZhangFu and other overseas Chinese businessmen. Originally, I wanted to rely on a relative of my colleague to introduce my career. Unexpectedly, the comprador of a foreign firm turned away when he heard that they were from prison. Yang pao'an had to sojourn in a small pavilion in Yokohama City, looking for some zero activity days. After a long time, the books I brought with me were sold out, and I couldn't find a regular job. They also compiled a self-made mimeographed publication "so", and sold it on the streets, so as to accuse the overseas Chinese of the evil of the rule of the warlords and gentry in their hometown, and of their being falsely imprisoned for exposing corruption. Yang pao'an often can't afford to pay the rent. He once described his difficult situation with a poem of "avoiding debt and fearing to smell the ladder". However, he didn't bow to the difficulties and insisted on self-study even though he was hungry. His Japanese language has a good foundation in China. After he arrived in Japan, due to his hard work, he was soon able to engage in translation. He often ran to bookstores and libraries, and eagerly studied Japanese books on various Western schools of thought, laying the foundation for his return to China to publish a large number of translated works.

In the winter of 1916, Yang pao'an returned from Japan and married Wu Peiqi, a girl from a neighboring village. After marriage, he went to Macao to teach. At the beginning of 1918, his family moved to Guangzhou, where he worked as a teacher in private Shimin middle school. He also worked as a reporter for Guangdong Zhonghua Xinbao and lived with Yang ZhangFu in the Yang ancestral temple on Sihou street. At this time, Yang pao'an had a child, including his single aunt and cousin whose parents died. There were seven members in his family, and they were living a hard life. However, Yang pao'an is indifferent and willing to live in poverty. The local bureaucrats in the police station asked him to be a secretary. Many people coveted such a "fat man". However, Yang pao'an regarded him as an open shoe, preferring to live in the cold rather than with others.

In 1916, pan Jingzhao, the daughter of teacher pan Xuezhen, returned to Guangzhou from Yokohama and became the principal of the Daogen girls' school. She invited Yang pao'an to Daogen to teach poetry. Yang pao'an teaches students to write: "righteousness is pragmatic, words are vulgar and lofty"; he believes that "poetry and prose together, first expensive, no vulgar However, those who want to be free from vulgarity must be free from vulgarity first, while those who want to be free from vulgarity must be rejected. ". He wrote these ideas into a preface to selected poems and distributed them to the students together with the lecture notes.

Born in a poor tea merchant's family, he lost his father in his early years and lived on his mother's handicrafts. After graduating from primary school, he was admitted to the secondary school attached to the Guangdong and Guangxi higher school. Later, he dropped out of school and returned to his hometown because of his poor family. As a primary school teacher in the township, he was falsely accused of prison for fighting against school corruption. After being released from prison, he studied in Japan and came into contact with Marxism and various Western schools of thought. He returned to China in 1917.

In 1918, he worked as a teacher in Guangzhou Shimin middle school, and later as a reporter of Guangdong Zhonghua Xinbao. After the outbreak of the May 4th movement, he actively participated in the anti imperialist patriotic struggle in Guangzhou. In November 1919, he serialized the article Marxism in the supplement of Guangdong Zhonghua new daily. This is the first systematic introduction to Marxism in South China. It also strongly resisted the anarchism prevailing in Guangdong at that time, provided ideological and theoretical weapons for the anti imperialist and anti feudal patriotic movement and the new culture movement, and made ideological preparations for the birth of the Communist Party of Guangdong. In 1921, he joined the Communist Party of China and was one of the earliest Communists in Guangdong. After joining the party, he actively participated in the revolutionary struggle, helped the youth to learn Marxism, participated in the Youth League's "socialist seminar" and other activities, and guided the student movement.

In 1919, under the influence of the May 4th Patriotic Movement and the new culture movement, Yang pao'an's thoughts changed greatly. On the one hand, he deeply realized the great power of the working people from the world revolutionary storm and the May 4th Movement in Russia, Germany and other countries; on the other hand, he was inspired by the Japanese Socialist Movement and the October Revolution in Russia, which made him stride forward from a radical democrat to a Marxist proletarian world outlook. From the late May of 1919 to the end of December of the same year, during the climax of the May 4th Patriotic Movement in Guangzhou, he worked hard and wrote 80000 or 90000 words for Guangdong Zhonghua new daily to introduce the new cultural trend and Marxism.

In the spring of 1921, the Communist Party was founded in Guangdong. Soon after, Yang pao'an joined the Communist Party of China and became one of the early members of Guangdong. After Yang pao'an joined the party, his family Yang ancestral hall became the activity base of the party, where many of the party's early meetings were held. He and Yang ZhangFu also set up a phonetic alphabet training class at the Yang ancestral hall to cover the party's activities. Yang paoan has left Shimin middle school. Guangdong Zhonghua Xinbao has also been closed by Chen Jiongming. He was introduced by Chen Danian, an old friend and famous lawyer in the press, and then transferred to Nanwu middle school and class a industrial school. The student movement of "Nanwu" and "Jiagong" is very active, especially "Jiagong", which has been the pillar of Guangzhou student movement since the May 4th movement. Later, the famous revolutionary martyrs Ruan Xiaoxian, Liu Ersong and Zhou Wenyong all came from this school. Zhou Wenyong was also a student taught by Yang pao'an.

In the summer of 1922, warlord Chen Jiongming betrayed the revolution, and the Youth League was forced to go underground. He once acted as the Secretary of the Guangdong district Party committee of the Youth League. Soon, he began to engage in the workers' movement and went to Guangzhou Shijing Arsenal with Yang Yi to organize a "ten member group" among the workers, which was the predecessor of the Communist Party branch of Shijing Arsenal. Through the "ten member League", we should publicize Marxism to the workers and raise their class consciousness. Later, as the director of Guangzhou Branch of Guangdong Han Railway Bureau, he often went deep into the workers of Guangsan, guangjiu and Guangdong Han railway, publicized the revolutionary road to the workers, inspired them to organize, oppose oppression and exploitation, and strive for the workers' due freedom and rights. A group of railway workers were trained and absorbed to join the party. The Party branch in Huangsha section of Yuehan Railway Bureau was established and elected as the Secretary of the Party branch.

At the end of 1923, the "Beijiang Commercial Transportation Bureau" was set up in Haibang street, Huangsha, Guangzhou, to carry Shaoguan

Chinese PinYin : Yang Pao An