Chang Xiangyu
essential information
Life of the characters
Chang Xiangyu was born in Donggou, Gongyi City, Henan Province in 1923.
In May 1932, he took a class with his father, Zhang Fuxian, and began to learn art from his teachers. He took Zhai Yanshen, Ge Yanting, Zhou Haihai and others as his teachers. He began to learn wuchou, Xiaosheng and Xusheng, and later he specialized in Huadan.
At the beginning of 1933, he took Taiyi's new class with his father to practice performance and asked Wang Jinzhi and Xu shuanghuai to perform.
In November 1935, he went to Zhengzhou on the third day, took the Taiyi class of Zhouhai with his father, and went to Kaifeng. Less than two months after Kaifeng, he made his mark by virtue of his excellent skills in both culture and martial arts. From the cushion play to the central axis, become one of the leading roles of Taiyi class.
In 1936, Sizhou city was performed three times in a row, making a sensation in Kaifeng. Since then, Chang Xiangyu has officially become the leading actor.
In February 1937, Chang Xiangyu founded Zhongzhou Opera Research Society with the support of Zhang Fuxian, Wang Zhennan and Shi Shuming.
In February 1938, in order to publicize the Anti Japanese War, the drama research society rehearsed the new play "Da Tu" written by Wang Zhennan.
In the autumn of 1941, I met Cui Lantian for the first time, and met Tang Lanxiang again to perform horse peddling.
On June 3, 1944, he married Chen Zhangzhang. The wedding ceremony was held in secret at zhengdayu restaurant, East Street, Xi'an.
On April 28, 1945, the relationship with Chen Xianzhang was officially opened. Soon, Chang Xiaoyu, the eldest daughter, was born.
In July 1946, the second daughter Chen Xiaoxiang was born.
In October 1947, Chen Xianzhang was arrested by the Kuomintang. Chang Xiangyu tried her best to rescue him, and nearly lost her fortune.
In the spring of 1948, Xiangyu drama school was founded in Xi'an. In June, his son Chen Jiakang was born.
On August 7, 1951, Chang Xiangyu led the troupe to donate the "Xiangyu Troupe" fighter plane to tour the country.
On March 4, 1952, he completed the donation mission and returned to Xi'an.
In April 1953, he accompanied the delegation to North Korea to give a performance.
On March 4, 1956, Henan Henan Opera Theater was established with Chang Xiangyu as its president.
On January 14, 1957, Henan Branch of the Chinese Dramatist Association was established, with Chang Xiangyu as the vice chairman.
In 1959, the second Zhengzhou meeting of the CPC Central Committee was held. Chang Xiangyu performed Henan Opera "breaking Hongzhou" for the meeting. On May 4, he joined the Communist Party of China.
On August 14, 1960, he was elected a member of the third National Committee of the China Federation of literary and art circles.
On February 2, 1962, the Culture Bureau of Henan Province held a meeting to accept apprentices and apprentices. Chang Xiangyu accepted sun Lanxiang, Lin Xiulan and other five apprentices and spoke at the meeting.
In June 1977, Chang Xiangyu went to Beijing to take part in the shooting of the film spring. On December 27, he was transferred to the president of Henan opera school.
In 1979, Chang Xiangyu was elected member of the Fourth National Committee of the China Federation of literary and art circles and vice chairman of the Chinese Dramatists Association.
In 1980, at the second cultural Congress of Henan Province, Chang Xiangyu was elected vice chairman of the Second Committee of Henan Federation of literary and art circles and chairman of Henan Branch of China Dramatist Association.
On June 23, 1983, the CPC Henan Provincial Committee appointed Chang Xiangyu as the art consultant of the Provincial Department of culture, no longer as the president of the provincial opera school.
In May 1991, Chang Xiangyu was elected as a consultant of the Provincial Federation of literary and art circles at the third cultural and art Congress of Henan Province. In December, the Third Congress of Henan Drama Association was held in Zhengzhou and was elected as honorary chairman.
In November 1996, the Fourth Congress of Henan Drama Association was held in Zhengzhou, and Chang Xiangyu was elected as honorary president by the Council.
On April 25, 1997, the Henan provincial Party committee decided to set up a steering committee for the revitalization of Henan opera, with Chang Xiangyu as a member. In December, Zhu Guiqin, an actor of Henan Opera Troupe in Heze, Shandong Province, was accepted as an apprentice.
In December 1998, Chang Xiangyu accepted Zhu Qiaoyun, an actor of Henan Opera Troupe in Kaifeng, as his apprentice.
On June 1, 2004, Chang Xiangyu died of illness in Henan Provincial People's Hospital at the age of 82.
Main works
Film and television works
variety show
Representative plays
artistic characteristics
Chang Xiangyu is the founder of Changpai. She has rich timbre, broad range, pure timbre, correct method of luck, grand vocal resonance, exquisite enunciation technology and skilled means of moistening the tune. She has sweet singing, clear enunciation, delicate performance, exquisite and vivid performance, and is full of masculinity.
music for voices in a Chinese opera
Chang Xiangyu used to sing the western Henan tune, which belongs to the five tone singing method. At the same time, it also absorbed the elements of Quju opera, Hebei Bangzi opera, Peking Opera and other operas to form a unique "common school" singing. For example, in Hua Mulan, the tune of Henan Opera is used in the Aria "since that day I disguised myself as a man"; in Bai she Zhuan Duanqiao, the tune of Hebei Bangzi is used in the Aria "hate to come up and scold Fahai for not being as good as animals"; in Kao Hong, the tune of Jingyun Dagu is used in the Aria "respect girl sitting above xiulou"; and in Li shuangshuangshuangshuang, the tune of "I hope you will come back early to talk with me" In the "Chang" aria, the tone of the song "five brothers herding sheep" is used; in the "tackling key problems" of Henan opera, the tone of the labor song is used, and so on.
Chang Xiangyu's creation and development of Henan opera's aria, first of all, combined with her own personality and characteristics, comprehensively inherited and comprehended the predecessors' aria art, and on this basis, the pursuit of high style endows the traditional aria of Henan Opera with distinct personality and strong spirit of the times; secondly, it also shows the flexible use and development of plate. In addition, another contribution of Chang Xiangyu to the creation of Henan opera aria is the development of the performance form of Henan Opera Qingchang. For example, the use of the drawl behind the "big quick people's mind" in "water Tunes - smashing the gang of four" fits the characters, makes the characters more vivid and vivid, enhances the artistic appeal, and combines the music with the intensity. The priorities are just right. It's very natural and has a strong flavor of life. It is also reflected in such plays as "tackling key problems", "remembering Chairman Mao", "crying for the prime minister", "song of continuing the long march", "early spring in the 1980s", "Lantern Festival on the 15th of the first month", "responsibility system is my cornucopia", "learning from the spring" and "Celebrating the return of Hong Kong".
Moisten the cavity
Chang Xiangyu led the Changpai to use the following methods to moisten the tune: decorative tone, nasal tone, frustration, strength and speed, timbre, emotional response, etc. Embellishment tune is a kind of key tune that does not change melody. It uses up and down glide and trill to embellish singing tune and play the role of "orthography". Nasal runqiang refers to that when singing the words with nasal ending according to the needs of the characters, the rhyme ending is put into the nasal cavity to make it play the role of runqiang. For example, "an Hongniang is hard hearted (n)" in copy red, and the more than 20 sections behind the word "hard" are all sung in nasal voice. Dunyin runqiang uses Dantian function to make the singing stop and go. If it is broken, the method is to make the inspiratory muscle and expiratory muscle form a rapid and repeated confrontation and reduction, which will produce an air flow with impact force. After this air flow impacts the vocal cord, the singing will stop, which is called dunyin runqiang. Such as "respect girl..." in "copy red" In coloratura, Hongniang's character is more prominent, and the melody uses the techniques of progressive, small jump and big jump, which makes the singing comedy full of color. In addition, the jumping runqiang and dunyin runqiang are basically the same. Sou Yin run tune is often used in the common singing style. The throat muscles contract greatly, consciously make the throat shake up and down, and make a strong sound that is broken and continuous. The emphasis of chest resonance is increased in the timbre. For example, in the "three cry hall", children grew up in Zhaoyang main courtyard. Strength, speed, runqiang, strength and speed change. For example, the fast flowing singing "she came to visit her husband tonight with great courage" in copy red is just right.
Swing cavity
Chang Xiangyu's throwing tune is very characteristic, with different strength, highlighting the feelings of the characters. For example, in Hua Mulan's journey, the words "I'm afraid that the war will burn to our door early" (small strength voice), and "this woman is not as good as her son's (strong strength voice). It means that Mulan is unconvinced with Liu Zhong's attitude of belittling women. She shows the facts and makes sense. Finally, Liu Zhong is convinced. It's just used in the place where the character's emotion is excited, so it's full and unrestrained, strong and penetrating, which can produce a strong artistic appeal. In the repertoire of the regular school, all kinds of characters use the method of singing with a swing, such as Hongniang, Bai Suzhen, Hua Mulan, Huang Guiying, she Taijun, Mu Guiying, Yingping princess, Du Shiniang, Li shuangshuangshuang, Wu Daniang, Li granny, Guo Dajiao and so on.
Enunciation
Clear enunciation is a prominent feature of Chang Xiangyu's Henan opera. Chang Xiangyu said: "in singing methods, enunciation is the most important, because it is the basis of all singing. Only by conforming to the requirements of four tones, accurately pronouncing the sharp and round tone, distinguishing the cadence and cadence, and paying attention to the rhyme of the tune, can we achieve clear enunciation. If the enunciation is not clear, we can't express the meaning, and if the audience can't understand the best Aria, it won't be popular. "
In opera singing, due to the inherent characteristics of opera art, the expression of language and the coordination of melody complement each other and form a complete singing content. Besides the musical function, the language of opera is the key. The four tones of nianzhun are based on the tones of Kaifeng and Zhengzhou dialects in Henan Province, with strong local color. The common style of singing pays attention to the sharp group of words. The pronunciation of rhyme is based on Zhongzhou rhyme. The intonation is full of ups and downs and has strong musicality. For example, Hua Mulan, Bai Suzhen and Huang Guiying all have their own rhyme, while Hongniang has her own words. For example, Miss Chang uses Zhongzhou rhyme to pronounce the word Tuan. In the legend of the White Snake, there are 52 top students, 20 top students
Chinese PinYin : Chang Xiang Yu
Chang Xiangyu
