brother of Mao Zedong

brother of Mao Zedong

Mao Zemin (April 3, 1896 - September 27, 1943), alias Zhou Bin, male, Han nationality, from Xiangtan County, Hunan Province, is a member of the Communist Party of China. He joined the Communist Party of China in October 1922.

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, in February 1938, dispatched by the Party Central Committee, he successively served as the director of the Department of Finance and the Department of civil affairs of Xinjiang province. On September 17, 1942, Mao Zemin, Chen Tanqiu and other Communists were arrested by the reactionary warlord Sheng Shicai. On September 27, 1943, Mao Zemin and Chen Tanqiu were secretly killed by the enemy at the age of 47.

Life of the characters

Mao Zemin (April 3, 1896 - September 27, 1943) was born in Shaoshan, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, and his younger brother Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong left his hometown early to study and engage in revolutionary activities. After only a few years in private schools, he dropped out of school and took part in agricultural labor. When I was more than ten years old, I learned to do ordinary farm work, and I was able to write and calculate. In October 1919 and January 1920, after his mother and father died of illness one after another, he picked up the burden of family life and learned the skill of thrift. In the spring of 1921, Mao Zedong returned home and educated his family to do revolution. With the help of his brother's patience, Mao Zemin went from Shaoshan to Changsha to join the revolution. After Mao Zemin arrived in Changsha, he first worked in the primary school attached to Hunan provincial first normal school, where Mao Zedong was in charge, and was responsible for managing the meals of teachers and students.
In 1922, Mao Zemin worked in Hunan self study university founded by Comrade Mao Zedong. He studied Marxism Leninism while working. His thought was very advanced, and soon he joined the Communist Party of China. From then on, Mao Zemin devoted himself to the revolution and became a professional revolutionist. In October, Changsha pen trade union was established with Mao Zemin as secretary. Together with other trade union backbones, he led the pen workers to fight actively. One day in mid October, under the leadership of Mao Zemin and others, more than 300 pen workers went to the provincial council and the Changsha County Office to petition for higher wages and better treatment, but they were rejected by the provincial and county authorities and the management. The workers decided to go on strike. After 40 days, they finally succeeded. In the winter of 1922, Mao Zemin joined the Communist Party of China. At the end of the same year, Mao Zemin, appointed by the Hunan District Committee of the Communist Party of China, went to Anyuan road and mine in Jiangxi Province to engage in the workers' movement. He worked as a teacher in the night school for workers for a period of time. He went deep into the mine, talked with workers, understood workers' sufferings, and publicized revolutionary principles and ideas. In March 1923, Anyuan road and mine workers' club established Anyuan road and mine workers' Consumption Cooperative, in order to facilitate workers' life and reduce the middle exploitation. Mao Zemin is one of the leaders of the society. In July, the cooperatives were reorganized. Mao Zemin was the full-time business director. He implemented the principle of low price and high consumption. He took Xinjie cooperatives and developed them into the head office. Mao Zemin was the general manager. At the end of 1925, after studying in the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Institute, Mao Zemin rushed to Shanghai to take over the post of manager of the Publishing Department of the CPC Central Committee and set up a distribution network all over the country. There are bookstores in Shanghai, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Changsha, Ningbo and other places. Even in Hong Kong and Paris, France, there are agencies. After the "April 12" counter revolutionary coup in 1927, Mao Zemin went to Hankou and became the general manager of Hankou Republic of China Daily. In fact, the newspaper is in the hands of our Party (Dong Biwu, President of the newspaper, Shen Yanbing, chief writer) to publicize our party's revolutionary policy. On July 15, Wang Jingwei openly defected to the revolution. According to the party's instructions, Mao Zemin returned to Hunan to prepare for the autumn harvest riots. He changed his name to Zhou Fang and went deep into Xiangtan and Xiangxiang. In the winter of 1929, Qian Xijun led nine members of the Communist Party and the Communist Youth League from Shanghai to Tianjin to set up the party's Secret printing factory. In the summer of 1931, he served as Minister of the Economic Department of the Fujian Guangdong Jiangxi military region, and then went to Ruijin to assist Mao Zedong in preparing for the first Congress of the Chinese Soviet Republic. In the late autumn of 1931, Mao Zemin was in charge of the preparations for the first Soviet Congress and the management of logistics. The conference officially opened in November. During the meeting, it was decided to set up the national bank. Mao Zemin was responsible for the preparatory work of the National Bank and served as its president. Although Mao Zemin began to prepare for the establishment of the National Bank, he faced the arduous task of unifying finance, adjusting finance, strengthening the economic construction of the Soviet Area, and ensuring the Red Army's combat. But it only took him more than two months to make the national bank officially open, and trained talents in this field. In March 1932, the Chinese Soviet state bank was established in Yeping, Ruijin, as the first president. In 1933, the output of tungsten reached 1800 tons, and in 1934, the output value reached more than 2 million yuan. He also served as the leader of the confiscation and collection Committee. In order to raise food and money, he often went to the front line in person and worked with the army. At the beginning of 1934, the fifth anti "encirclement and suppression" campaign was defeated, the enemy strengthened the economic blockade, and the financial situation was very difficult. In addition, the bad guys made rumors and disturbances, which led to the blocked circulation of banknotes and the serious loss of credibility. Mao Zemin was very worried. He went to the front line again and again to collect materials. He also informed the front-line troops to transport all the confiscated materials back to the Soviet cooperative. Then, he instructed the Treasury to take out Guangyang and Yinyuan and exchange them for Soviet banknotes. In October 1934, the Red Army was forced to march on the Long March, and the Ministry of Finance and the National Bank of China formed 15 brigades. Mao Zemin served as the team leader and deputy director of the confiscation and collection Committee (Lin Boqu served as the director), and was responsible for the whole Red Army's grain raising, fund-raising and all supply work. After arriving in Northern Shaanxi, Mao Zemin became Minister of the Ministry of national economy. In May 1933, he concurrently served as the Minister of finance of the Soviet government of Fujian and Jiangxi Province. In September 1934, he concurrently served as the director of the State Administration of foreign trade, leading the economic work of banking, finance, trade, industry and mining in the Soviet area. At the same time, he took part in the 25000 Li Long March. In February 1936, he was Minister of the Ministry of national economy of the Chinese Soviet democratic government of workers and peasants. At the end of 1937, Mao Zemin became ill from overwork, his stomach disease became more serious and his body was extremely weak. The central government arranged for Mao Zemin to go to the Soviet Union to recuperate and study. He went to the Soviet Union through Xinjiang, but when he arrived in Urumqi, because of the plague on the border between China and the Soviet Union, he temporarily cut off the traffic line and failed to make the trip. At that time, Sheng Shicai was asking the CPC to send cadres to build Xinjiang. Therefore, the central government approved Mao Zemin and others to stay in new jobs. Mao Zemin first served as the director of finance department, then as the director of Civil Affairs Department, and made great contributions to the liberation of the people of Xinjiang. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, in February 1938, Mao Zemin, under the pseudonym of Zhou Bin, was dispatched by the Party Central Committee to work in the United Front in Xinjiang with Comrade Chen Tanqiu, and successively took up the posts of director of the Department of Finance and the Department of civil affairs of Xinjiang Province. In 1938, because of years of war and chaos in Xinjiang, the economy withered, the finance was in chaos, the prices soared, and the people were in dire straits. After he took office, he took a series of effective measures to rectify Xinjiang's finance in an orderly way, and promoted the development of industry, agriculture, animal husbandry, culture, education and health. In February 1941, he was transferred to be the director of the Department of civil affairs, presided over the formulation of the "Regulations of Xinjiang Provincial village system", implemented democratic election, reorganized and expanded 17 relief hospitals in Xinjiang, held medical training courses, and trained a number of minority medical personnel. In 1942, Sheng Shicai, the Xinjiang governor, betrayed his faith and took refuge with Chiang Kai Shek. On September 17, Mao Zemin, Chen Tanqiu and other Communists were arrested by the reactionary warlord Sheng Shicai. In prison, the enemy tried Mao Zemin hard and soft, forced him to admit that the Communist Party of China was engaged in "riots" in Xinjiang, forced him to leave the Communist Party and hand over the organization of the Communist Party. Mao Zemin and others were firm and unyielding. On September 27, 1943, Mao Zemin, Chen Tanqiu and other Communists were secretly killed by the enemy at the age of 47.

Character honor

On September 14, 2009, he was rated as one of the 100 heroic models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China.

Family members

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Personal evaluation

Mao Zemin wrote a touching hymn of praise to the Communists with his youth and blood. He devoted his precious life to the magnificent cause of liberation of the Chinese people. He is an outstanding proletarian revolutionist and an outstanding leader of financial and economic work of the Communist Party of China. His British name will remain on the monument of the Republic forever. His arduous trekking and indomitable fighting spirit will always inspire future generations.

Commemorative activities

September 27, 2013 is the 70th anniversary of the heroic death of Chen Tanqiu, Mao Zemin, Du Chongyuan, Lin Jilu and other revolutionary martyrs in Xinjiang. On the morning of the same day, the cemetery of revolutionary martyrs in Urumqi was surrounded by green pines and cypresses. The atmosphere was solemn and solemn. All walks of life in the autonomous region gathered here to commemorate the 70th anniversary of Chen Tanqiu and other revolutionary martyrs' sacrifice. Zhang Chunxian, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the Party committee of the autonomous region, more than 1000 leaders of the party, government and army of the autonomous region, leaders of the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps and representatives from all walks of life of the autonomous region, attended the memorial ceremony together with Chen Tanqiu, Mao Zemin, Du Chongyuan, Lin Jilu and other relatives of the martyrs, deeply cherished the great achievements of the revolutionary martyrs, expressed their will to inherit the martyrs, and accelerated the leap forward development and growth of Xinjiang Zhijiuan's determination and confidence.

Chinese PinYin : Mao Ze Min