Zhang Han
Zhang Han
Zhang Han (year of birth and death unknown), the word Ji Ying, Wu County, Wu county (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province) people. He is a writer of the Western Jin Dynasty, a descendant of Zhang Liang, a marquis, and the son of Zhang Yan, a great Honglu in the state of Wu.
He had a clear talent, was good at writing, and had an unrestrained personality. Compared with Ruan Ji, he was called "Jiangdong infantry". Sima Jiong, the king of Qi, was in power, and he became the great Sima Dongcao. Seeing the disaster and chaos, Fang Xing resigned from his official post on the ground of his thinking. He died in 1957. He has written dozens of articles, which are popular in the world.
Personage introduction
Zhang Han, whose name is Ji Ying, is a famous writer in the Western Jin Dynasty. He was born in shenta, Wujiang, Suzhou. Lu Hongyan is the father of the Three Kingdoms. Shortly after Zhang Yan's death, the eastern Wu was destroyed by the Western Jin Dynasty. Although Zhang Han was talented and good at writing articles, he suffered from the pain of national subjugation, pretended to avoid the world, and was unwilling to be bound by etiquette and law. He was very like Ruan Ji, a bohemian in Cao Wei Dynasty. Because Ruan Ji once served as an infantry captain, he was known as "Ruan infantry", so he was called "Jiangdong infantry" at that time. In the first year of Tai'an (302), Emperor Hui of the Jin Dynasty, he became the official of the great Sima Dongcao.
According to the records of Shishuoxinyu, after the fall of the eastern Wu Dynasty, Zhang Han once heard the sound of Qin Qingyue in jinchangting near changmen. He followed the sound and found that he Xun, a famous Kuaiji scholar, was playing the Qin under the changmen boat. Zhang Han and he never met each other, but they felt like old friends at first sight. They were reluctant to part with each other. When Zhang Han asked whether he Xun was going to Luoyang, he decided to go to Luoyang with him. He boarded the boat and left without even telling his family. It can be seen from this that Zhang Han is really at his own will in his life, which is quite worthy of the nickname of "Jiangdong infantry".
Anecdotes and allusions
Zhang Han, unwilling to be involved in the rebellion of the eight kings of the Jin Dynasty, left his post and returned to the Bank of the Wusong River to "leave his business at Fengli bridge" on the pretext of the autumn wind and missing his hometown's Zizania (Zizania latifolia), water shield soup and perch.
According to the biography of Zhang Han in the book of Jin, "when Han saw the wind rising in autumn, he thought about the spring vegetables, water shield soup and sea bass in Wuzhong. He said," life is precious and suitable. How can he stay thousands of miles to invite famous officials? " I'll drive home. " He thought of the rural life and local scenery in the past, especially the special products of Wuzhong, such as wild rice vegetables, water shield soup and sea bass
The autumn wind is blowing, the leaves are flying, the Wujiang River is flowing, and the perch is fattening.
Three thousand miles away from home, it's hard to hate, it's sad to look up to the sky.
At that time, Zhang Han was an official in Luoyang, so he went back to his hometown. Therefore, there is an allusion of "the thought of the sea bass" in Chinese poetics.
Disputes over tombs
The location of his tomb has been controversial.
In 1685, the annals of Wujiang County compiled by Qu Yunlong, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, said: "the tomb of Caoyang and Zhanghan in the east of Shanxi is located in the nanyiwei of the 29th capital.". In 1747, the annals of Wujiang County compiled by Shen Tong and others in the 12th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong said: "according to Wu Di Ji, Zhang Han was buried in Wuli, Shandong Province. "Wujun tujing Xuji" says: Zhang Han was buried in Wuli, Shandong Province, and his grave died. There are two reasons for this. Then the tomb of Han is confirmed and cannot be assumed. " The later Qianlong county annals did not agree with Kangxi county annals.
Although Wu Di Ji is the earliest local love letter, it is not written by one person for a while, but is a remnant of later generations're compilation. Zhang Xincheng called his book "false channeling" in his book "general examination of false books". So the book's vague account of just a few words is questionable. As for the latter three local records, they are "all due to this", which is even more difficult to convince later generations.
Zhang Dachun, a scholar of Changzhou in the early Qing Dynasty, made a field investigation and recorded clearly that Zhang Han's tomb was in the nanyiwei of ERTU, the 29th capital of the Qing Dynasty
On the day of the end of the festival, the dry river has been built, and the high festival of Jiying is crowned with Dongwu.
For thousands of years, the official sentiment has been lost, and the tomb grass is green beside the five lakes.
A cup of wine is a light general, and autumn wind is a heavy one.
Now snobbery is surging, too this should be ashamed of sweat?
Shen Gangzhong, a contemporary of Shen Tong, wrote in his chronicle of FenHu (1747), "there are ancient tombs in nanyiwei, and trees are planted without seal. People refer to Han tomb. Later, during the reign of Jiaqing (around 1800), a tombstone of Zhang Han was unearthed in this area, but the handwriting is vague. In 1870, Li Shuchang, the county magistrate of Wujiang, rebuilt Zhang Han's tomb and erected stones.
On November 11, 1958, the culture and Education Bureau of Wujiang County sent personnel to find out that the tomb of Zhang Han, located at the south end of nanyiwei, Donglian brigade, Xinta commune, covers an area of 50 square meters, with a height of 1.5 meters. The Jingxin nunnery, about 40 meters to the West of the tomb, once worshipped the shrine of Zhang Han. Tombstones and wooden shrines were destroyed last winter and this spring. At that time, a three person custody group was set up to insert the card.
Investigation in the autumn of 2000: Zhang Han's tomb was destroyed in the mid-1960s. The site is located in Dongfeng primary school between Fengxi and Dangdong villages in Xinta town. The west half of the front bungalow classroom is where the tomb is located. The original site of Jingxin nunnery has been transformed into a village office and a small factory. Zhang's descendants are still in dongmituo village, with two branches of Dongzhang and Xizhang. Fengliqiao, nanyiwei and chuntaigang, also known as ertugang, are all local place names; in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they all belonged to 29du ERTU. The dialect "Er" is pronounced as "Ni" and "ERTU port" is pronounced as "Mituo port". This place is in the Northeast beach of Yuandang. Yuandang was named "chuncaidang" in the local records. Yuandang and Yuandang were later versions.
Character evaluation
Liu Yiqing's Shi Shuo Xin Yu Shi Jian: erudite, good at writing, creative, and fresh in meaning.
Zhong Rong's "Shi pin" has a high evaluation of Zhang Han. He combines Zhang Han with He Yan of Cao Wei, sun Chu of Jin Dynasty, Wang Zan and pan Ni, saying that although Zhang Han is not beautiful, he has high literary talent. And Qiu dragon piece armour, Phoenix a hair, things with refutation saint, livable middle class.
Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long: the argument is based on the short rhyme.
Li Bai's "seeing Zhang Shi off in Jinling and touring Dongwu again and again": Zhang Han and Huang Huaju have been romantic for 500 years. Who will continue to be a teacher today will be called a virtuous man in the world. After that, you can swim to Wu Feng and float into the sea. White Willow in spring, red sky in haze. Go to the national calamity for another, think back each did not spin. Empty Jia Sheng tears, together sad.
Su Shi of the Northern Song Dynasty wrote a poem praising: "in the floating age, when the fame and fame of the emperor ate and slept, Ji Ying was really immortal in the water. It's not necessary to say that even if you know how early, you'll be a good bass. "
The Ming Dynasty Lu Shusheng's "long water day copy": also quite agree with Zhang Han's later name and current name.
The fifth volume of Chunchang Zizhi Yu in the style of Wenting in Qing Dynasty: a more pertinent analysis of Zhang Han, Gu Rong, Lu Ji and Lu Yun brothers.
Zhang Han was commemorated by his hometown from generation to generation. According to the seventh volume of Qianlong's Wujiang county annals, during the reign of emperor Yuanyou of the Northern Song Dynasty, the magistrate of Wujiang county built a three high temple, which named Zhang Han, Fan Li and Lu guimeng as three high temples. Later, it was built on a large scale. There were statues in the temple, and there were memorial ceremonies every spring and autumn.
Historical records
Book of Jin · biography of Wenyuan · Zhang Han
Zhang Han, the character of Ji Ying, is a native of Wu County. Father Zhang Yan, Wu dahonglu. Han had the talent of Qing Dynasty, was good at writing, and was free from any restrictions. At that time, his name was "Jiangdong infantry". He Xun of Kuaiji ordered him to enter Luo and play the piano in the boat after passing through Wuchang gate. Han did not know each other at the beginning, but he followed the words of Tan, and he was very pleased. When he asked Xun, knowing that he had entered Luo, Han said, "I have something to do with Beijing." They will go on the same journey without telling their families. The king of Qi was appointed as the great Sima Dongcao. When he was in power, he called him the same county. Gu Rong said, "the world is full of troubles. If a husband has the reputation of all over the world, it is hard to get rid of him. I'm from the mountains and woods, and I have no hope for the time. Zi is good at preventing the front with clarity and thinking about the back with wisdom. " Rong holding his hand, pathetically said: "I also with the son of Nanshan fern, drink three river water ear." When Han saw the autumn wind, he thought about the spring vegetables, spring shield soup and sea bass in Wuzhong, and said, "life is so expensive that you can't live thousands of miles in order to be famous." I'll drive home. There are many articles in Shouqiu Fu. The defeat of Russia is called opportunity. However, the government, with its frequent going, removed the official name. Han's heart is comfortable, but he doesn't want to be in the world. Or said: "Qing is able to longitudinal suitable for a while, only not for behind the evil name?" Answer: "make me have the name after death, it is better to have a glass of wine at once." When people are expensive, they are broad-minded. He is filial in nature, and suffers from mother's worry and grief. He died in 1957. He wrote dozens of works in the world.
Chinese PinYin : Zhang Han
Zhang Han
