Xu Shiyou

Xu Shiyou

Xu Shiyou (February 28, 1905 - October 22, 1985), formerly known as Xu Shiyou, was Han Yu. He was born in xujiawa, Macheng County, Hubei Province (now xuwa, Xinxian County, Henan Province). In 1955, General Xu Shiyou was awarded the rank of general, and served as deputy chief of general staff of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, commander of Nanjing Military Region, commander of Guangzhou Military Region, Vice Minister of national defense, member of the Standing Committee of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, etc. He is a member of the first, second and third national defense committees, an alternate member of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and a member of the Political Bureau of the ninth, tenth and Eleventh Central Committee. At the first plenary session of the Central Advisory Committee of the Communist Party of China, he was elected as a standing member and vice chairman of the Central Advisory Committee.

At 16:57 on October 22, 1985, Xu Shiyou died of illness at the age of 80.

Life of the characters

early years

On February 28, 1905, Xu Shiyou was born into a poor peasant family in xujiawa, Macheng County, Hubei Province. At the age of 8, he joined Shaolin Temple with a boxer.

Congrong

During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, after the establishment of the 11th army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army in 1928, Xu Shiyou successively served as the monitor, platoon commander, battalion commander and head of the 34th regiment of the 12th division of the Fourth Army of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army.

In 1932, he led the army to fight in Sichuan and Shaanxi with the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army, and put into the struggle of establishing Sichuan and Shaanxi revolutionary base.

In July 1933, he served as deputy commander of the ninth Red Army and division commander of the 25th division. Later, he served as deputy commander and commander of the Fourth Red Army and cavalry commander of the Fourth Red Army. Under the leadership of Xu Xiangqian, he took part in the establishment of the Hubei Henan Anhui Soviet Area and the successive anti "encirclement and suppression" struggles and long march in the Sichuan Shaanxi Soviet area. He participated in the death squads seven times and was injured four times, which showed his bravery for the revolution. When fighting against the "six way siege" in the Sichuan Shaanxi Soviet Area, he commanded three regiments to defend Wanyuan City, Sichuan Province. With the spirit of survival and death together with the position, he used flexible tactics to defeat the enemy who was absolutely dominant in number.

In late August 1935, when Chairman Mao Zedong and vice chairman Zhou Enlai led the Red Army's right route army on the long march to the north and walked out of the grassland, Hu zongnan's 49th division of the Kuomintang army "blocked and suppressed" in Gannan. He was ordered to lead the Fourth Army of the fourth front army of the Red Army, together with the 30th army of the Red Army, to fight with the enemy for two days and two nights, annihilate the enemy completely and open the door to march towards Gannan.

In July 1936, when he crossed the grassland for the third time, he commanded the cavalry troops to act as the vanguard and carried out frequent battles along the way, which created favorable conditions for the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army to go through the difficulties and dangers and go north to Gannan. When he arrived in Northern Shaanxi, he went to the Red Army University for further study and devoted himself to the struggle of clearing up Zhang Guotao's crimes.

Command

the period of Counter-Japanese War

Xu Shiyou was appointed Vice Minister of the school affairs department of Yan'an Anti Japanese military and Political University. With commander-in-chief Zhu De leaving Taihang Mountain, he joined the Anti Japanese struggle.

In October 1938, he served as the deputy commander of the 386 brigade of the 129th division of the Eighth Route Army and participated in the establishment of the Anti Japanese base in Southern Hebei. At the end of the same year, he marched into southern Hebei under the command of Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping.

In early February 1939, he and brigade commander Chen Geng, in xiangchenggu area, south of Weixian County, lured and annihilated a strengthened Japanese infantry squadron by way of pre ambush, killed more than 200 people under the enemy's leader, and captured eight people alive. They dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese army, which is known as xiangchenggu battle in history.

In September 1940, he was transferred to be the commander of the third brigade of Shandong column. On the same day, he fought fiercely on the coast of the Bohai Sea and on both sides of the Qinghe River. In the spring of 1941, he commanded the Eighth Route Army and local armed forces in Jiaodong to sweep away the enemy and puppets.

In February 1942, he was the chief of staff of the Shandong column. Since October, he has been the commander of Jiaodong military region, leading the army and people of Jiaodong to carry out the arduous guerrilla war, develop and strengthen the people's armed forces, smash the frequent "mopping up" and encroachment of the Japanese and puppet forces, and frighten the enemy.

In 1945, the KMT's crusade against both sides of Jiaohe and zhaokechun swept through the fifth year of the Anti Japanese war.

War of Liberation

period

Xu Shiyou has successively served as commander of the ninth column of the East China Field Army, commander of the east line Corps (later called Shandong Corps), deputy commander, commander and Deputy Secretary of the Party committee of the Shandong military region, and member of the Shandong Branch of the CPC Central Committee.

In the first half of 1947, under the leadership of Chen Yi and Su Yu, he took part in the Laiwu campaign, the Menglianggu campaign, the Jiaodong defense war and other major campaigns. In the Menglianggu campaign, he annihilated the 74th division of the Kuomintang reactionary "five main forces".

In September 1948, together with Tan Zhenlin and Wang Jian'an, according to the deployment of the Central Military Commission and the headquarters of the East China Field Army, he commanded the troops to conquer Jinan City, the capital of Shandong Province, and annihilate more than 100000 Kuomintang troops through eight day and night fierce battles, thus basically liberating Shandong Province and completely connecting the two liberated areas of East China and North China.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, he served as commander of Shandong military region. He was the second deputy commander of the East China Military Region in February 1954 and the deputy chief of the general staff of the PLA in October 1954.

He served as commander of Nanjing Military Region in March 1955. In September 1959, Xu Shiyou was appointed Vice Minister of national defense, commander of Nanjing Military Region and second secretary of the Party committee.

In distress

In November 1966, he was criticized by the Nanjing rebels, copying Xu Shiyou's home and tearing up his general's dress.

In August 1967, Nanjing was preparing to fight against Xu Shiyou by borrowing the "Dongfeng" of Chen zaidao, commander of Wuhan military region, and was strongly protected by Zhou Enlai.

comeback

On the national day of 1967, Xu Shiyou was invited to the Tiananmen Gate Tower by Mao Zedong. He talked for half an hour and published it in the newspaper. After that, Xu Shiyou lived in Zhongnanhai for more than 40 days.

On January 28, 1968, Zhou Enlai created public opinion for Xu Shiyou.

On March 20, 1968, the Central Committee approved the report of the Party committee of the Nanjing Military Region on the establishment of the Revolutionary Committee in Jiangsu Province, and agreed to appoint Xu Shiyou as the director of the Revolutionary Committee.

In August 1970, at the second plenary session of the ninth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in Lushan, Mao Zedong did not want to be president of the country. He first confided his ideas to Xu Shiyou and asked him to do other people's ideological work.

In the summer of 1971, Mao Zedong called Xu Shiyou from Nanjing to Nanchang and told him the three basic principles of dividing the right line and the wrong line.

In the middle of September 1971, Mao Zedong called Xu Shiyou to Shanghai in the middle of the night. He was ordered to quickly arrest several of Lin Biao's best friends in East China.

At the end of 1973, Xu Shiyou was appointed commander of the Guangzhou Military Region and first Secretary of the Party committee.

In January 1974, he served as commander of Guangzhou Military Region. He participated in and directed the self-defense counterattack in Xisha.

He was a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Military Commission in 1980.

In September 1982, at the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xu Shiyou was elected member, standing member and vice chairman of the Central Advisory Committee.

In 1979, in the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam, the PLA took the 41st army, 42nd army, 43rd army, 54th army, 55th army and 50th Army (lacking 149 divisions) as the east line corps, under the command of Xu Shiyou.

Death of illness

At the beginning of September 1985, the General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region dispatched elite soldiers to form a special medical team to Zhongshan Mausoleum No. 8 to carry out systematic monitoring and treatment for Xu Shiyou.

At 16:57 on October 22, 1985, Xu Shiyou died of invalid treatment at the age of 80.

Major honors

In 1953, he won the first level national flag medal and the first level freedom and independence Medal of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

In 1955, Xu Shiyou was awarded the rank of general of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, and was awarded the first level of 81 medal, the first level of independence and freedom medal, and the first level of Liberation Medal.

Main works

"I was in Shandong 16 years", "I was in the red army 10 years", "Xu Shiyou memoirs" and other books.

Character evaluation

People's Daily: Xu Shiyou was loyal to the party, the people and Marxism Leninism, and devoted his whole life to the revolutionary cause of the proletariat. He is good at learning and applying Mao Zedong thought, has accumulated rich combat experience, has commanded a series of important campaigns and battles, has organized large regiments to fight, and has shown outstanding military talents. He is one of the rare excellent military commanders who have grown up from soldiers step by step.

Mao Zedong said: "Xu Shiyou is a general. He has made Jiaodong half of the sky red. He's amazing. He's amazing."

Deng Xiaoping said: "in his 60 years of military career, Xu Shiyou has made outstanding achievements in war and died a lifetime. He is a special person with special character, special experience and special contribution."

Anecdotes of characters

Courtyard becomes "village"

The lawn in the courtyard of No. 8 Zhongshan Mausoleum in Nanjing, where he lives, has been completely dug out and replaced with experimental fields and vegetable gardens for planting wheat, sorghum, corn and sweet potato. Later, a row of pigsty was built under the wall near the road. With the original three or four mu of water surface, it not only feeds pigs, but also raises fish.

In his own "village", Xu Shiyou is like a conscientious "village head", who gets up early every morning to arrange farm work. His staff, who farm land, who grow vegetables, who feed pigs, and who raise fish, have a clear division of labor and specific requirements.

He was responsible for raising more than ten rabbits and became a "rabbit commander".

"Be loyal in life and filial after death"

"I don't cremate when I die.". Commander Xu was astonishing. "I didn't sign the Central Committee's proposal on cremation of leading staff. I was buried with my mother when I died. I left home since I was a child. I didn't do my filial duty around my mother. After I died, I wanted to be with her. I gave my eldest son Xu Guang 50 yuan and asked him to buy me a coffin. When he died, just put it in. " Xu Shiyou lost his father when he was young, and depended on his mother when he was young. After joining the army, he fought for decades and devoted himself to his country, not to his mother

Chinese PinYin : Xu Shi You