Xin Qiji

Xin Qiji

Xin Qiji (from May 28, 1140 to October 3, 1207) was born in Licheng county (now sifengzha village, Yaoqiang Town, Licheng District, Jinan City, Shandong Province). In the Southern Song Dynasty, officials, generals, litterateurs and bold and unconstrained poets are known as "the dragon in Ci". Together with Su Shi, they are called "Su Xin", and together with Li Qingzhao, they are called "Ji'nan Er'an".

Xin Qiji was born in the state of Jin. In his early years, he was as famous in the north as Dang huaiying and was known as the "Xin party". When he was young, he took part in Gengjing uprising, captured and killed the traitor Zhang Anguo, returned to the Southern Song Dynasty, and offered ten treatises on Meiqin and nine treatises, etc. In Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and other places, he successively served as the garrison minister to pacify Lai Wenzheng, a tea merchant in southern Jingzhou, and to create a flying tiger army to stabilize Huxiang area. Because of his disagreement with the ruling factions, he was impeached many times, rose and fell several times, and finally retired from Shanju. Before and after Kaixi's Northern Expedition, Han kuozhou, the prime minister, successively used Xin Qiji to inform Shaoxing and Zhenjiang, and enlisted him into the imperial court as a privy officer. All of them were dismissed. In 1207, Xin Qiji died at the age of 68. Emperor Gong of Song Dynasty was awarded Shaoshi with the posthumous title of "Zhongmin".

All his life, Xin Qiji took recovery as his ambition and made great achievements. However, his life was full of ups and downs. However, he never wavered in his belief of restoring the Central Plains. Instead, he placed all his passion, concern and worry about the rise and fall of the country and the fate of the nation in his ci. His Ci has a variety of artistic styles, mainly bold and unconstrained, with a strong and heroic style, but also delicate and charming. His Ci has a wide range of subjects and is good at using allusions to express his patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity, his grief and indignation for his ambition, and his condemnation of the humiliation of the rulers at that time. There are also many works chanting the rivers and mountains of the motherland. There are more than 600 existing Ci poems, including the collection of Jiaxuan long and short sentences.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Xin Qiji was born on May 11 (May 28, 1140) in the 10th year of Shaoxing of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty (the 3rd year of Tianjun of emperor Xizong of the Jin Dynasty). His ancestors were from di daoren, and he moved to Licheng of Jinan since his ancestor Xin Weiye. When he was born, the North was occupied by the Jin people. After the change of Jingkang and the southward migration of the Song Dynasty, his grandfather Xin Zan was "tired of the family" and was unable to go south, so he became an official in the state of Jin. Nevertheless, Xin Zan always hoped to have the chance to take up arms and fight to the death with the Jin people. He often took Xin Qiji to "climb the mountain and draw the river" (from the ten treatises on Meiqin). At the same time, Xin Qiji also "arrived in Yanshan with two planners to observe the situation", constantly witnessing the humiliation and pain of the Han people under the rule of the Jin people. All these made Xin Qiji set up his ambition to restore the Central Plains and serve the country in his youth, and cultivated the chivalrous spirit of Yan and Zhao Qishi.

When he was young, Xin Qiji and Dang huaiying were studied by Liu Zhan (the history of Song Dynasty was written by Cai Bojian), and called "Xin Dang".

Revolt against gold

In 1161, wanyanliang, the owner of the Jin Dynasty, invaded the South on a large scale. The Han people in the rear of wanyanliang rebelled against the harsh oppression of the Jin people. Twenty one year old Xin Qiji also gathered 2000 people to join a powerful uprising led by Geng Jing, and served as the chief secretary.

When contradictions broke out among the Jin people, Wan Yanliang was killed by his subordinates in the front line, and the Jin army retreated northward, Xin Qiji was ordered to go south in 1162 to contact the court of the Southern Song Dynasty. On his way back from his mission, he heard that Geng Jing had been killed by the traitor Zhang Anguo and that the rebel army had broken up. He led more than 50 people to attack tens of thousands of enemy camps, took the traitor back to Jiankang and handed him over to the Southern Song court for execution.

Stepping into official career

His performance in the uprising army and Xin Qiji's amazing bravery and decisiveness made him famous for a time. Song Gaozong appointed him to sign the verdict for Jiangyin, and from then on he began his official career in the Southern Song Dynasty, when he was only 25 years old.

When Xin Qiji first came to the south, he did not understand the cowardice and timidity of the Southern Song Dynasty. In addition, song Gaozong once praised his heroic behavior, and song Xiaozong, who soon ascended the throne, once showed his determination to recover his lost land and avenge his humiliation. Therefore, during the period before he took office in the Southern Song Dynasty, he wrote many suggestions on resisting the northern expedition of Jin Dynasty, such as the famous ten treatises on Mei Qin and nine comments And so on. Although these proposals were highly praised and widely read at that time, the imperial court was indifferent and only interested in Xin Qiji's practical ability in the proposals. He was sent to Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and other places as an important local official post, such as transit envoy and pacifier envoy, to be responsible for controlling famine and rectifying public order.

Reality is cruel to Xin Qiji. Although he had outstanding talent, his heroic and stubborn character and persistent enthusiasm for the northern expedition made it difficult for him to gain a foothold in officialdom. In addition, the awkward identity of "guizheng" also hindered the development of his official career. So that his highest official position was to be made from Sipin LongTuge.

Ups and downs of life

In 1180, when Xin Qiji, 41 years old, was appointed as Longxing (now Nanchang, Jiangxi Province) mansion and governor of Xi'an, he planned to build a garden like manor in Shangrao to settle his family. Chunxi eight years (1181) spring, began to build a new residence with lake and manor. According to the terrain around the lake, he personally designed the manor pattern of "building houses at high places and opening up fields at low places", and said to his family, "life is hard work, so we should put the field first." Therefore, he named Daihu Manor "Jiaxuan" and named himself "Jiaxuan Jushi". And he also realized that he was "tough and self-confident, and he has not been tolerated by the public for many years" (on thieves), so he was ready to retire. Sure enough, in November of the same year, due to impeachment, the official position was dismissed, and the new residence in Daihu was just completed. Xin Qiji returned to Shangrao and began his leisure life after middle age. During the next 20 years, he spent most of his time in the countryside, except for serving as a prison and pacifier in Fujian for two years.

In the winter of the 15th year of Chunxi (1188), his friend Chen Liang paid a special visit to Xin Qiji from his hometown Yongkang, Zhejiang Province. They sang a long song to each other in Qianshan, and called it the second meeting of the goose lake. After the meeting, Xin Qiji went out of the mountain to be an official for two times.

In the summer of the fifth year of Shaoxi (1194), Xin Qiji was dismissed and returned to Shangrao. He lived in piaoquan. He started to build a new house and run piaoquan manor. He decided to "settle here and build my own house, wait for Yuanming to learn, and plant five willows in front of his door.".

In the summer of 1196, the Daihu manor was on fire, and Xin Qiji's family moved to piaoquan. In piaoquan, Xin Qiji lived a village life of wandering mountains and waters, drinking wine and writing poems, and wandering clouds and wild cranes. Xin Qiji was deeply moved by the tranquility of piaoquan's countryside and the simplicity of Qisi villagers. He wrote a lot of poems describing the scenery of the four seasons of piaoquan, the customs of the world and the scenery of the garden, and expressing his feelings.

In the fourth year of Qing Yuan (1198), Xin Qiji was awarded the post of director Chong Youguan.

have one's wish

In the third year of Jiatai (1203), Han kuozhou, who advocated the northern expedition, began to use the main fighting faction. Xin Qiji, who was 64 years old, was appointed as the governor of Shaoxing Prefecture and the pacifier of eastern Zhejiang, and his spirit was greatly boosted. He was successively appointed as the magistrate of Shaoxing and Zhenjiang. The next year, he met with the emperor ningzong of Song Dynasty, and believed that the state of Jin "will be in chaos and perish" (Part B of miscellaneous records of the government and the wild since Jianyan). He was added to the baomo Pavilion, promoted the concept of Youshen, and was invited by the court. Soon afterwards, he went out to Zhenjiang mansion and was granted a gold belt.

When Xin Qiji learned about Zhenjiang mansion, he once went to Beigu Pavilion and lamented his disappointment in having no way to serve his country. With a high perspective, he recalled the past and the present, so he wrote the eternal music: reminiscence of Beigu Pavilion in Jingkou. Soon after, under the attack of some remonstrators, Xin Qiji was demoted to chaosan doctor, promoted Chongyou temple, and was pacified by Shaoxing Prefecture and liangzhedong Road, but he refused to take office. Later, he was worshipped as Baowen Pavilion and Longtu Pavilion. The imperial court ordered Xin Qiji to go to xingzaoshi and try out the Minister of the military department, but Xin Qiji once again refused.

In the autumn of the third year of Kaixi (1207), the imperial court once again appointed Xin Qiji as the Privy minister and ordered him to go to Lin'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) as soon as possible. However, when the imperial edict arrived at Qianshan, Xin Qiji was seriously ill and bedridden, so he had to go up to the court to resign. Xin Qiji died on October 3, the 10th day of September at the age of 68. It is said that on his deathbed he cried out, "kill the thief! Kill the thief (Annals of Kangxi's Ji'nan Prefecture, people annals). After hearing the news, the imperial court gave Dui Yi and Jindai, and regarded them as officials in charge of the LongTuge. Shaoding six years (1233), after the Guanglu doctor. In the first year of Deyou (1275), with the application of Xie Fangde, Emperor Gong of Song Dynasty bestowed Xin Qiji as Shaoshi with the posthumous title of "Zhongmin".

Main impact

literature

There are more than 600 Xinci poems in existence, which are the most popular writers in Song Dynasty. Most of his poems take the realistic problems of the country and the nation as the theme to express his impassioned patriotism. For example, "water dragon chant" (crossing the river, Tianma came to the South), "water tune song" (thousand li wowa species), "man Jiang Hong" (Pengyi hanging in the air), etc. show the lofty aspiration to restore the reunification of the motherland; "congratulations to the bridegroom" (a detailed poem about the king), "Bodhisattva man" (the clear river under Yu gutai), "break the time" (burning the lamp to see the sword in the drunk), etc. show the nostalgia for the northern region and the struggle against gold I'm very grateful. The songs of water dragon (autumn in the sky of Chu), fish catching (which can eliminate the wind and rain), congratulations to the bridegroom (the eldest one can say), Partridge Sky (the banner of the Zhuang Dynasty embraces thousands of people), and eternal happiness (eternal rivers and mountains) show the dissatisfaction with the humiliation of the Southern Song Dynasty and the indignation of the ambition. Most of these works have high keynote and passion.

Xin CI is creative in art because of its patriotism in content

Chinese PinYin : Xin Qi Ji