Liu Zhi
Liu Zhi
Liu Zhi, Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty (132-168, January 25), was born in Liwu state of Jizhou (now Boye, Hebei Province) in the first year of Yangjia (132), the eleventh emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was the great grandson of Liu Ji, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, the grandson of Liu Kai, the filial king of Hejian, and the son of Liu Yi, the Marquis of Liwu.
In the first year of Benchu (146), Emperor Hanzhi died and Liu Zhi ascended the throne, that is, Emperor Huan. At the beginning of her accession to the throne, the Empress Dowager of Liang Dynasty was in charge of the government, and her cousin Liang Ji was in charge. In the second year of Yanxi (159), Liu Zhi relied on the eunuch Shan Chao to punish Liang Ji, the great general, and cut off his party members, which declared the end of the era of foreign relatives' dictatorship in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Liu Zhifeng was appointed as the Marquis of Zhongchang, including Danchao, xuhuang, zuoyuan, tangheng and Juyuan. From then on, the government turned into the hands of eunuchs, and the Eastern Han Dynasty entered a more dark era of eunuch dictatorship. Because eunuch rampant, the same party, aroused the dissatisfaction of bureaucrats. In the ninth year of Yanxi's reign (166), the aristocratic families and the imperial college students united against the eunuchs. As a result, more than 200 people, including Li Ying, were arrested, forming the disaster of Party imprisonment for the first time.
On December 28, the first year of Yongkang (January 25, 168), Liu Zhi died at the age of 36. He was buried in Xuanling (now Southeast of Luoyang City, Henan Province). His posthumous title was Emperor Xiaohuan and his temple title was Weizong.
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Life of the characters
To ascend the throne
In the first year of Yangjia (132), Liu Zhisheng was born in Liwu state, Jizhou (now Boye County, Hebei Province), and was a Marquis of Liwu.
In the first year of Benchu (146), Emperor Hanzhi died. He was only 9 years old and had no son. Cao Teng, a minister of China and Changshi, paid a visit to Liangji and expressed his support for Liu Zhi as emperor. He also pointed out that King Qinghe was a strict man. If he really was an emperor, he would not be able to keep peace, but if he established Liu Zhi, he would be able to keep wealth forever. So Liang Ji is ready to support Liu Zhi.
Soon after, Empress Dowager Liang recruited Liu Zhi to xiamenting in Luoyang City, intending to marry her sister to Liu Zhi. On the seventh day of the sixth month (August 1, 146), Empress Dowager Liang Ji sent Liang Ji to take Fu Jie and take Liu Zhi to Nangong with Wang Qing's car. On this day, Liu Zhi ascended the throne at the age of 15. Empress Dowager Liang was still in the court. Cao Teng, Changle Taipu, Zhoufu and other seven people were appointed Marquis of the pavilion because of their meritorious decision.
Liang Ji in power
In June of the first year of Jianhe (147), Liu Zhi removed Hu Guang from office and appointed Du Qiao, the chief minister of agriculture, as the first lieutenant. On August 18 (September 30), Liu Zhili, the daughter of Liang Ji, became the queen. On September 21 (November 1), there was an earthquake in Luoyang, and Liu Zhi removed Du Qiao from his post. In October, Liu Zhi appointed situ Zhao Jie as his Taiwei, Sikong Yuan Tang as his situ, and former Taiwei Hu Guang as his Sikong. In December, Liu Wen, king of the Qing Dynasty, conspired against him and was killed. Liang Ji falsely accused Li Gu and Du Qiao that they were Liu Wen's accomplices, killed them and brutally killed them in Luoyang.
On the 19th of the first month of the second year of Jianhe (February 26, 148), Liu Zhijia was the first. On the 25th day of the first month (March 3), there was a general amnesty.
In October of the third year of Jianhe (149), Zhao Jie was removed by Liu Zhi. Liu Zhi appointed Yuan Tang, situ, as Tai Wei, and Zhang Xin, Da Si Nong, as situ.
When she died, she returned to liangyuanzheng in 150 years. After the death of the Empress Dowager Liang, in order to comfort the Liang family, Liu Zhi added the title of food city to ten thousand households in Liangji. So far, Liang Ji has granted 30000 families, far beyond the boundary of Han Dynasty.
In the first year of Yuanjia (151), Liu Zhi gave Liang Ji more privileges: he didn't have to go to court, he was allowed to wear a sword and shoes, he didn't have to call himself a name when he met him; he entered the Palace once every ten days to deal with and comment on the affairs played by Shangshu. Forced by the dictatorship of Liang Ji, no one in the court dared to remonstrate any more. On the third day of April (May 6), Liu Zhi dismissed situ Zhang Xin and appointed Guang Lu Xun Wu Xiong as situ. In October, Sikong Hu Guang was dismissed by Liu Zhi.
On December 18, the first year of Yuanjia (February 11, 152), Liu Zhi appointed Huang Qiong as Sikong.
In the second year of Yuanjia (152), Liu Zhi removed Sikong Huang Qiong from office. In December, Liu Zhi appointed Zhao Jie as Sikong.
In October of the first year of Yongxing (153), Liu Zhi removed Yuan Tang from his post and appointed Hu Guang as Taiwei. Wu Xiong and Zhao Jie were removed from office, Huang Qiong was appointed as situ, and Fang Zhi was appointed as Sikong. On the ninth day of November (December 31), Liu Zhi went hunting in Shanglin garden. After passing Hangu pass, he rewarded the old people over 90 years old by the corridor.
On September 25th, 154, Liu Zhi removed Hu Guang from his post and appointed situ Huang Qiong as his first lieutenant. In September, Yun appointed Guanglu Xun and Yinsong as situ.
In November of the third year of Yongshou (157), situ Yinsong died. Liu Zhiren acted as Sikong, Han as situ, and sun Lang as Sikong.
In the first year of Yanxi (158), the phenomenon of solar eclipse appeared in the sky. The Taishi ordered Chen to say that "the cause of solar eclipse lies in the great general Liangji.". Liang Ji executed him when he knew. Taishiling was a close official of the emperor. Liang Ji executed Taishiling at will without asking Liu Zhi, which made Liu Zhi very angry. On July 20 (September 1), Liu Zhi removed Huang Qiong from his post, and appointed Hu Guang, Taichang, as Taiwei.
Kill Liang Ji
In the second year of Yanxi (159), Liu Zhi planned to get rid of Liang Ji and let Tang Heng serve himself on the pretext of going to the toilet. After entering the toilet, Liu Zhi asked Tang Heng in a low voice, "do you know who is at odds with Liang Ji among the people around us?" Tang Heng replied to Liu Zhi: "in private, Zhong Chang Shi Shan Chao, Xu Huang, Ju Yuan and Zuo Zhen are very dissatisfied with Liang Ji." So he called Shan Chao and Zuo Zhen to his secret room. Liu Zhi said to them, "Liang Ji, the great general, controls the government. Both the inner palace and the outer court are controlled by Liang Ji's people. All the ministers in the court are Liang Ji's people. I want to get rid of them. What do you think?" Shan Chao and Zuo Zhen replied, "Liang Ji is the traitor of the country. It's time to get rid of him. It's just that we have no intelligence. We don't know what your Majesty's idea is? " Liu Zhi said: "my meaning has been very clear, you plan to eliminate the Liang family." Shan Chao said: "if your majesty really wants to destroy the Liang family, it's not difficult. We're afraid that your majesty will hesitate in the middle." Liu Zhi said: "Liang Ji is a national thief and should be eliminated. There is nothing to be hesitated about." Liu Zhi bites Shan Chao's arm with his teeth, and six people make a blood alliance and conspire to destroy Liang.
The five eunuchs then used all their strength to attack Liang Ji. They called in Zhang Biao, the commander of Sili school, in the name of Liu Zhi, and dispatched the army under the personal command of Shan Chao to besiege Liang Ji's general's house with the charge of treason. Although Liang Ji was powerful, he offended too many people, but no one dared to stand up to him before. Shan Chao and others wanted to destroy him in the name of the emperor. Many people immediately fell to the eunuch. As a result, Shan Chao soon took over Liang Fu and confiscated Liang Ji's official seal. Liang Ji and his wife sun Shou committed suicide together. The clans of Liangji, such as Wei Wei Liang Shu, Henan Yin Liang Yin, tunqi Xiao Wei Liang rang, Yueqi Xiao Wei Liang Zhong, Changda Xiao Wei Liang Ji, and dozens of Chinese and foreign clans were executed. Hu Guang was removed from his post. Situ Hanyan and Sikong sunlang were arrested and jailed. Therefore, more than 300 officials and guests were dismissed, and the court officials were almost empty. Liang's relatives group was wiped out. All the people are celebrating.
Eunuch in power
On August 4, the second year of Yanxi (September 3, 159), five eunuchs, Shan Chao, Zuo Shi, Xu Huang, Ju Yuan and Tang Heng, were granted Marquises on the same day for their meritorious efforts to punish Liang Ji. From then on, the imperial power fell into the hands of eunuchs. On the same day, Liu Zhi appointed Huang Qiong, the chief minister of agriculture, as the Taiwei, Zhu Tian, the Guanglu doctor, as the situ, and Da Honglu Shengyun as the Sikong, and began to set up the Secretary Supervisor.
The tyranny of the five eunuchs and their relatives was not only opposed by upright officials in the court, but also worried by Liu Zhi, so they began to restrict the five eunuchs. Liu Zhi first used the eunuch Hou LAN and others to seize their power, and then used their brutality to attack them.
Liu Zhi's suppression of the five eunuchs was just to strengthen the imperial power, but he didn't want to eliminate it. Therefore, after a little suppression, they were still in charge. The new eunuchs, after they came to power, were also tyrannical and ruthless. After that, they plundered 118 hectares of farmland and 318 houses. They imitated the Imperial Palace and built 16 large-scale houses, including pavilions, ponds and gardens. On the other hand, due to the eunuch's monopoly, their followers were placed in the central and local institutions at all levels, and the false situation of selecting talents by the examination system was even more serious.
On the fifth day of October in winter (November 3), Liu Zhi visited Chang'an. On November 16, Liu Zhi arrived at Weiyang palace. On November 25, Liu Zhi offered sacrifices to the high temple. On the fourth day of November (December 1), Liu Zhi sacrificed to the 11th mausoleum. On the sixth day of junior high school (December 3), Liu Zhiren was a general of motorcycles. On the third day of December (December 30), Liu Zhi returned from Chang'an and gave ten millet to the people of Chang'an. There are five trees for each person in the garden and mausoleum, and three trees for each county. Shaodang and other eight Qiang people rebelled, and the bandits raided Longyou. Duan Kuai, the commander of protecting Qiang, pursued them in Luoting and defeated them. From the kingdom of India.
The disaster of Party imprisonment
In the ninth year of Yanxi (166), Nanyang prefect Cheng Yu arrested Zhang Si, a local rich businessman who had a good relationship with the eunuch. As a result, he met Liu Zhi and announced an amnesty. In order to fight against the eunuch, Cheng Yu ignored the court law and killed not only Zhang Si himself, but also Zhang's clan and more than 200 guests. Then Cheng Yu played a role to Liu Zhi. Almost at the same time, cases of the same nature also occurred in Runan. Runan prefect Liu Zhi arrested xiaohuangmen Zhao Jin, and then beat Zhao Jin to death in spite of the imperial court's amnesty, and then reported to the imperial court. nine
Chinese PinYin : Liu Zhi
Liu Zhi
