Wang Jian
Wang Jian
Wang Jian (from January 31, 877 to July 4, 943), the founder of the Korean Dynasty (from 918 to 943), was a famous statesman and militarist in the history of the Korean Peninsula.
Wang Jian, a native of Songyue prefecture (today's Kaesong), was born in the troubled times of the "post Three Kingdoms" on the Korean Peninsula. When he was 20 years old, he defected to Gongyi and led the army to conquer cities and lands. He became a favorite General of Gongyi and was an official of Gongyi's Taifeng regime. In the fifth year of Zhengkai (918), he was honored by the "four riding generals" (Hong Ru, Pei Xuanqing, Shen chongqian, bu Zhiqian) and took the place of bow descendant. He ascended the throne with the national name of Korea and the age given by heaven. In 933, he was canonized as "king of Korea". Xinluo was merged in the second year of the Qing Dynasty (935) and Baiji was destroyed in the third year of the Qing Dynasty (936).
During the period of Wang Jian's reign, he adopted the strategy of winning over the powerful families at home, widely married with the powerful families, and established the combined power of the powerful families; took into consideration the systems of the Taifeng, Silla and the Central Plains dynasties, initially established the national institutions; established Pyongyang as the west capital, actively expanded to the north; culturally promoted Buddhism; paid tribute to the Central Plains Dynasty, held a hostile attitude towards Khitan, and actively accepted the people who were destroyed by Khitan The adherents of Bohai State.
In 943, Wang Jian died at the age of 67. On his deathbed, he passed on the throne of Zhengyin (Prince) Wang Wu, and left ten instructions as the family law of the Korean Dynasty. After his death, the temple was named Taizu, and his posthumous title was sacred. He was buried in Xianling.
Life of the characters
To bow
Wang Jianjiang was born on January 14, the fourth year of Qianfu (January 31, 877) in Songyue County, xinluohan prefecture (today's Kaesong Super City in Korea) into a local tyrant family. His father was Wang long, and his mother was Han. According to historical records, Wang Jian was intelligent since he was a child, with a square face and a broad forehead. He had the imperial appearance of "Longyan rijiao". At the same time, "the bearing is majestic and deep, the pronunciation is magnanimous, and there is a quantity to help the world.".
After Wang Jian ascended the throne, he called himself "from the side micro", which shows that his family is in a marginal position in the bone product society of Silla. Wang Jian grew up at a time when Silla was declining. In 889, the uprising of Yuanzong and Ainu broke out in Xinluo Savar state, which opened the prelude of troubled times. Since then, the separatist regime of the powerful families in all parts of Silla has been fragmented. The two strongest forces are Zhen Xuan, who is the former place of Baiji, and Gong Yi, who is the former place of Koguryo. They confront with Silla, who lingers in the southeast of the Korean Peninsula, forming the so-called "post Three Kingdoms" situation. In the third year of qianning (896), Wang long, who was then Shacan in Songyue Prefecture of Xinluo, was worshipped as the prefect of Jincheng county (now Jinhua County in Xianjiang county). He suggested to Gongyi: "if you want to be king in Korea, Sushen and Bianhan, you might as well build a city in Songyue and let my son Wang Jian be the city leader." The gongs obeyed, so Wang Jian was ordered to build the city of boyugan and became the leader of the city. In May of the following year, Wang long, Wang Jian's father, died in Jincheng county.
soldiers and horses are in great haste -- busily engaged in warfare
In the first year of Guanghua (898), the gongs moved from Tieyuan to Songyue. Wang Jian came to see him, and was appointed as the commander of Jingqi by the gongs. They attacked Yangzhou (now the special city of Seoul, South Korea) and Jianzhou (now the city of Yangzhou, Gyeonggi, South Korea).
In the third year of Guanghua (900), Wang Jian was ordered to capture Canton, Zhongzhou, Qingzhou, Tangcheng, huairang and other counties, and was promoted to Achan (the sixth rank).
In March of the third year of Tianfu (903), Wang Jian led the Navy down the west coast and occupied more than ten counties in the southwest corner of the Korean Peninsula, such as Jincheng prefecture (today's ROK city of quanluonandaoluozhou city), which was transformed into Luozhou and opened up an enclave behind houbaiji. In the same year, the city leader of Liangzhou (today's Liangshan City, gyeongshang South Road, South Korea) Jin ninxun was in an emergency, and Wang Jian was transferred to rescue. When he came back, Gong family inquired about Bian affairs, and Wang Jian stated his strategy of setting up an Bian area. He was praised by Gong family and other officials, so Wang Jian was promoted to kaican.
Later, Gong Yi named the country Mo Zhen, Jianyuan Wutai and shengce, and moved back to Tieyuan from Songyue. In the second year of shengce (906), the bow clan ordered Wang Jian to lead 3000 troops, including Qian Shi, a general of Jingqi, to attack shahuo town of Shangzhou and defeat Zhen Xuan of houbaiji.
In 909, Wang Jian asked to be transferred to Luozhou to avoid the storm. At the same time, the gongs were also worried about the capture of Luozhou by Baiji, so they approved Wang Jian's request and worshipped Han can and the Navy General. Wang Jian managed Luozhou in an orderly way, and "the power and benefit are parallel, and the soldiers are afraid of love", which has a great deterrent effect on houbaiji. Wang Jianzeng captured Zhen Xuan's ships in Yanhai County, Guangzhou, and won the bow clan award. He was also ordered to repair the warship in Zhenzhou (now Kaifeng County, Kaesong City, North Korea). He led 2500 troops to capture the treasure island and Gaoyi island of houbaiji. He also defeated Zhen Xuan's Navy with fire attack tactics in Pukou, Luozhou, and gained more than 500 levels. After that, he planned to capture the pirates nengchang, thus ensuring the safety of the Luozhou sea area Sea power. At that time, general Jin Yan and others complained that "there is no reward for more achievements", while Wang Jianze said: "do not slack off, do not have the idea of betrayal, in order to get happiness. Today, the Lord is tyrannical, killing innocent people indiscriminately, the wind of informers is prevailing, and people in the court are in danger. It's better to concentrate on fighting outside to save their lives. " The generals agree.
In the first year of long live shuide (911), the name of Gongyi was changed to Taifeng. Wang Jian was called back in the third year of long live shuide (913). With his outstanding military achievements, Wang Jian was worshipped as the first of all officials, and he was widely appraised as a Shi Zhong, and was promoted to the fourth rank of Bo Zhencan. As an official, Wang Jian was cautious and strived for the support of the people. When someone was framed, he tried his best to rescue him and won high prestige. Wang Jian worried about the suspicion of the bow clan, and asked to be released. At the same time, the gongs also thought that Jin Yan, who was the leader of the Navy, was not of humble origin, which was not enough to frighten houbaiji. The next year, he ordered Wang Jian to take charge of the Navy again, which was called "hundred ship general". He built more than 70 warships in Pukou, Zhenzhou, carrying more than 2000 sailors and went south to Luozhou, which really shocked houbaiji. Wang Jian reported the situation when he returned to the court. Gong Yi was very happy and said, "who else can compare with Wang Jian among my generals?" So he appointed Bu generals Kang juiji, Heixiang and Jin Caiyuan as Wang Jian's deputies. He added more than 100 small boats, more than 10 large boats and 3000 sailors, carrying food and salaries. Under Wang Jian's leadership, he went to Luozhou again to relieve the local victims.
Republic of Korea
Later, Wang Jian returned to Tieyuan as a servant. At that time, the gongs became more and more rebellious. They not only killed their subjects indiscriminately, but also killed their wives and children cruelly. People all hoped that Wang Jian would be in charge. On the night of June 14 in the fifth year of Zhengkai (918), general Hongshu (later named Hongru by Wang Jian, the following three people together), Bai Yushan (PEI Xuanqing), nengshan (Shen chongqian) and Sha GUI (BU Zhiqian) visited Wang Jian's residence and planned a coup. When they saw Wang Jian's wife, Mrs. Liu, they said, "are there any new melons in the garden? If you have one, pick it! " Liu knew what he meant, and then sneaked into the account from Beihu. At this time, the four cavalry generals explained to Wang Jian the meaning of their admiration, saying: "since the separation of the three Koreas and the separatist regime, the current Lord has raised his arms and cried out to eliminate the grass-roots bandits. Most of Liaodong has been established as the capital for more than 20 years, but now he has killed innocent people indiscriminately and killed people. Even Jie and Zhou can't match him. It's the great righteousness of the world to abolish Hun and establish Ming, please The princes carried out the revolutionary act of changing surnames in Yin and Zhou dynasties! " Wang Jian changed his face and refused: "I always regard myself as loyal and trustworthy. Although the Lord is cruel, how dare I have two hearts? The so-called revolution is to attack the monarch with officials. I really don't have this virtue. How dare I imitate Shang Tang and King Wu of Zhou Dynasty? I'm afraid that future generations will take this as a pretext! The ancients said, "one day is the king, life is the main thing." Yanling Jizi also said, "it's not my moral integrity to be the king." so he went to farm. Can my moral integrity be higher than that of Jizi in Yanling? " Siqi will continue to persuade Wang Jian to raise a case by saying, "heaven does not take it, but accept its blame." at this time, Liu came out and said to Wang Jian, "it has been like this since ancient times to raise justice and overthrow tyranny. Now when I hear all the generals say that, even my concubines are working hard, let alone my husband!" So he took the collar of his armor and put it on Wang Jian. Four riding generals helped Wang Jian out.
At dawn on June 15, Wang Jian was sitting on the valley. The four riders saluted him as a monarch and minister. Then the news came out that "the prince has already raised a flag of righteousness." the officials and people of Tieyuan rushed to vote, and there were more than 10000 people outside the palace waiting for Wang Jian to enter the palace. Knowing that they were rebellious, they fled the north gate in disguise and hid in the gorge. Later, they were killed by the people of axe soil. On that day, Wang Jian entered the palace, which is located in the Buzheng hall, surrounded by people. He announced that the name of the state would be changed to "Korea" and the year of the establishment would be "Tianshu". Seventeen years ago, Koguryo was established by the gongs as the hometown of Koguryo. Wang Jian regained the national title, which means that "the Golden Rooster (Silla) will perish and take advantage of binglu (Korea) to rejuvenate.".
Soon after he ascended the throne, Wang Jian set out to put things right, abolished the policy of abusing the people by bow descendants, and smashed the rebellion plots of general Huan Xuanji, Yi Xinyan, Li Chunji and Chen Yu of Qingzhou, so as to stabilize the new regime. In the first month of the second year of Tianshu reign (919), the capital of Songyue was moved to Kaizhou (later called Kaijing). The palace and government office were established, and the market and square were set up. It was divided into five parts and six guards.
Against Zhen Xuan
When Wang Jian founded Korea, there were Bohai states in the north, houbaiji and Xinluo in the south. Taking Pyongyang as the western capital, Wang Jian built a city and sent his cousin Wang Shilian to guard the northern Xinjiang. At the same time, he had a good relationship with houbaiji and Silla. In October of 920, Hou Baiji invaded Silla. King Jingming of Silla sent Achan Jinlu to Korea for help. Wang Jian sent troops to Korea for help, and Zhen Xuan withdrew. However, the hostile relationship between Korea and Hou Baiji took shape
Chinese PinYin : Wang Jian
Wang Jian
