Han Lingkun

Han Lingkun

Han Lingkun (923-968, May 2) was named Deshun. Cizhou Wu'an county (now Cixian, Hebei Province) people. Famous generals from the Five Dynasties to the early Northern Song Dynasty.

Han Lingkun was under the charge of Guo Wei (Taizu of the Later Zhou Dynasty). After the establishment of the Later Zhou Dynasty, it became the capital of the Tieqi scattered members, yuhou, and the capital School of the first army of the control crane right. After Zhou Shizong ascended the throne, he was promoted to bodyguard Ma Jundu commander and Dingwu Jiedushi. During the second year of Xiande (955) to the fifth year of Xiande (958), he took part in the battle of Huainan. He first defeated the Southern Tang Dynasty in Zhengyang, and then attacked Yangzhou and Taizhou. He made many contributions and accumulated Zhenan Jiedushi. Xiande six years (959), ordered to dredge Chenying water transport. He followed Shizong in his northern expedition to Liao and was ordered to guard Bazhou. After the establishment of the Song Dynasty, the Tianping army was moved to the town and the Mabu army was added as bodyguard. They all commanded envoys and Tongping Zhangshi and became the commander of the forbidden army. When Taizu of the Song Dynasty personally attacked Li Yun in Zhaoyi Town, he led his troops to settle in Heyang, and then he fought against Li Jun, who was a rebel in Huainan. In the following year, he returned to Beijing to discuss merit and was relieved of the military power of the imperial army. He became the governor of Chengde and was granted the title of Nanyang County. He guarded Changshan for seven years, making Northern Xinjiang peaceful.

In the sixth year of Qiande (968), Han Lingkun died at the age of 46. The king of Nankang.

(source: Atlas of ancient Chinese swords and horses)

Life of the characters

Early migration

Han Lingkun was born in the first year of Tongguang in the later Tang Dynasty (923). When he was young, he belonged to Guo Wei, an important Minister of the later Han Dynasty. In the first year of Guangshun (951), Guo Wei stood on his own behalf, that is, the Taizu of the Later Zhou Dynasty. Han Lingkun successively held the posts of marquis Yu, a scattered member of the Tieqi army, concurrently head of the capital School of the first army of the control crane right, and governor of the Prefecture in the early years of the latter Zhou Dynasty.

In the first year of Xiande (954), after Zhou Shizong ascended the throne, Han Lingkun was granted the title of marquis Yu, the capital of the palace. Not long after, due to his contribution to the battle of Gaoping, he paid homage to yuhou and Rongzhou regiment training envoys in the left wing of Longjie. In March, Jin was promoted to commander of Longjie left chamber and defense envoy of Sizhou. After the northern Han Dynasty, he served as the military capital of the former camp. In October, he was promoted to be the commander of the bodyguard's Pro army, Ma Jun Du, and the governor of the Dingwu army.

Capture Huainan

In November of the second year of Xiande (955), Shizong ordered Li Gu, the prime minister, to deploy his troops in front of the camp with Huainan Road, commanding 12 generals, including Han Lingkun, to march to Huainan. In the first month of the next year, Li Gu withdrew from Zhengyang County because he was afraid of being attacked by the enemy. In the same month, Han Lingkun and the right wing of the cavalry both commanded Zhao Hongyin, and the bodyguard both commanded Li Chongjin to attack. He defeated the Southern Tang army in Zhengyang, beheaded more than 20000 troops, and beheaded his commander Liu Yanzhen.

Soon after, Shizong personally arrived at the front line and heard that Yangzhou in the Southern Tang Dynasty was empty, so he sent Han Lingkun, Zhao Hongyin and other pioneers to attack Bai Yanyu and Zhao Chao. In February, Han Lingkun first ordered Bai Yanyu to lead hundreds of elite cavalry to rush into the city at dawn, but the army and people of Yangzhou didn't notice. Han Lingkun then led the main force to arrive and captured Feng Yanlu, the vice governor of Dongdu in the Southern Tang Dynasty. He pacified the people in the city, making "all the people were blocked", and Shizong ordered them to know the state affairs. After the fall of Yangzhou, Taizhou garrison generals of the Southern Tang Dynasty also surrendered.

In April, at the request of the Later Zhou Dynasty, Qian Chu, king of Wu and Yue, sent troops to harass the rear area of the Southern Tang Dynasty, attacked Chang and run prefectures, surrounded piling, but was defeated by the Southern Tang Dynasty. Lu Mengjun, the general of the Southern Tang Dynasty, regained Taizhou and marched into Shuwang. He approached Yangzhou from Hailing. Han Lingkun was afraid and fled. Emperor Shizong was furious at the news and ordered the General Zhao Kuangyin and Zhang Yongde to lead the troops to Liuhe to rescue Yangzhou. Han Lingkun learned that reinforcements were coming, so he went back to Yangzhou, defeated Lu Mengjun's troops in the east of Yangzhou and captured him alive. He also defeated more than 10000 people of Ma GUI's troops in wantouyan, Chuzhou, and captured Qin jinchong, the governor of Lianzhou.

After that, Xianggong, who stayed in Tokyo, arrived at the front line of Huainan. He was appointed as the governor of Huainan and the minister along the Yangtze River. Han Lingkun was changed to the Deputy Minister along the Yangtze River to help Xianggong conquer Shouzhou in March of the fourth year of Xiande (957). In May of that year, Han Lingkun, who returned to the imperial court, was changed to be the Jiedu envoy of Jianxiao Taifu and Zhenan army.

In the first month of the fifth year of Xiande (958), Shizong made another personal expedition and arrived in the city of Chuzhou. He sent Han Lingkun to lead his troops to Yangzhou first, and he had the right to know about the military affairs in Yangzhou. At this time, Yangzhou city had been burned by the Southern Tang Dynasty, so emperor Shizong deployed Han Lingkun to build the city, and supervised FA Dingzhuang to rebuild the new city.

The northern expedition of Xunhe

In February of the sixth year of Xiande (959), the Privy envoy Wang Pu went to Heyin to inspect the Yellow River dam and set up a Sluice at biankou. The imperial court sent tens of thousands of people from Xu, Su, song, Dan and other prefectures to dredge bianshui. Han Lingkun led bianshui from Daliang (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) to Caishui in the East, so as to dredge the water transportation road of Chenzhou and Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui Province). In March, Emperor Shizong prepared to march north to Liao. He ordered Han Lingkun to lead Longjie, Hujie, Xiaowu and other troops to Daming mansion. He also took yijinguan (now Bazhou, Hebei Province) as the deputy of Fengxiang Jiedu envoy Wang Yan. In May, the army of the Later Zhou Dynasty restored the south of the pass (from the south of the Daqing River basin to the east of Baiyangdian in Hebei Province to Hejian area) and changed the newly recovered Yijin pass to Bazhou. Han Lingkun transferred to Bazhou and led the troops to garrison.

In June of the sixth year of Xiande (959), Emperor Gong of the Later Zhou Dynasty ascended the throne. This month, Han Lingkun, who was deployed by Ren beibingmadu, defeated 500 cavalry of Liao state in the north of Bazhou. In July, he was promoted to the rank of inspector Taiwei and bodyguard, and was also the governor of Zhen'an army. In the winter of the same year, Fengzhao garrisoned in Northern Xinjiang to defend Liao.

Kaisong Yuanxun

Kuang Taizu (960 A.D.) of the Yuan Dynasty. After the establishment of the Song Dynasty, Han Lingkun, who had always been "close" to Taizu, became more important. Since the Jiedu envoy of Tianping army and the bodyguard of mabujun, he became the top general of the imperial guards. In April, Li Yun, the Jiedu envoy of the Zhaoyi army, launched a rebellion. Taizu personally attacked Zelu the next month and ordered Han Lingkun to lead his troops to Heyang. In June, when Zelu was pacified, Taizu returned to Beijing. He invited Han Lingkun and others to a banquet in Lixian Temple of martial arts, and rewarded them with clothes, coins, saddles and horses. Later, he served as a servant. In September, Huainan Jiedu envoy Li Chongjin fought against Song Dynasty, and Han Lingkun followed Taizu to the south.

In the second year of Jianlong (961), Han Lingkun was relieved of the military power of the forbidden army, and took the post of Jiedushi of Chengde German army and the deployment of soldiers and horses in the northern border area. He was given the name of Jiedushi and Dai Tongde. Before taking office in the town, Taizu personally held a banquet and wine in the other hall to practice for him, and took the opportunity to encourage him to manage the town diligently.

Han Lingkun died of back gangrene on April 3, 1996 (May 2, 968). He was 46 years old. After hearing the obituary news, Taizu deeply mourned, dressed in plain clothes, mourned for him in the hall of telling martial arts, announced that he would stop his reign for three days, and was granted the title of Nanyang County King. He also hired his son Han Qingchao as the xianmang envoy and Han Qingxiong as the Deputy envoy.

Main impact

Han Lingkun was very talented and wise. He knew the strategy of governing the country well, and he made great achievements in his life

Historical evaluation

Wang said: since the Tang Dynasty, as for the Five Dynasties, the disaster of vassal towns has been fierce. Song Xing, (Han) Ling Kun, (Guo) Congyi, (Fu) Yanqing held a heavy army in Hebei, (SHI) Shouxin, (Wang) Shenqi, (Wang) Yanchao and so on. And the number of children, know the calendar of you in, know the fate of heaven. Therefore, as soon as the order is issued, it is necessary to obey the orders, or take part in the festival to prepare for the night guard, or ask the elderly to know enough. So that the disaster of the vassal town disappeared, and not for the protection of fame, long keep rich. Although Taizu was a good imperial hero and had several sons, he could judge them according to their misfortunes and blessings.

Hu Quan: today's generals and men are in favor of Li Hanchao, Yao neibin, Ma Renxuan and Han Lingkun.

Li Tao: Lingkun has talent and strategy, knows the way of governance, and has a good relationship with Zhou Shi, a colleague of Shang (Zhao Kuangyin). In the seventh year of fan's reign in Changshan, the town is located in the north of Ningxia.

Tuotuo: first, Lingkun and Murong were friendly with Taizu, while Pingjing and Xianghe were determined in the south, and zhenchangshan in the north. They did not rely on the past and achievements to open up the gap. There are many outstanding entrepreneurs, such as husband. ② In the early Song Dynasty, Jiao, Guang, Jiannan and Taiyuan were called big names respectively. Jinghu and Jiangbiao stopped gongfeng. Qidan resisted each other, but Xixia did not. Taizu often paid attention to Mou Shuai, and ordered Li Hanchao to tun Guannan, Ma Renyu to guard Yingzhou, Han Lingkun to Changshan, he Weizhong to guard Yizhou, and he Jiyun to lead Dizhou to resist the northern enemy Because the border officials were rich, they were able to support the dead and serve as spies to know the enemy's situation; their invasion and ambush led to victory, and they had no worries about the Northwest for 20 years. As a result, he was ordered to go out of the army, level western Shu, expand Hunan, go down the mountains and conquer the south of the Yangtze River.

Chu Dawen: Murong Yanzhao and Han Lingkun are powerful soldiers in Hebei Province, but they are not very famous.

Anecdotes and allusions

Revenge for my concubine

Lu Mengjun, the general of the Southern Tang Dynasty, killed the family of Yang Zhaoyun, the former governor of Shuzhou, and robbed all his belongings. During the war of Huainan, Han Lingkun occupied Yangzhou and captured Lu Mengjun alive. At this time, Ma Xichong, the last king of the southern Chu Dynasty, who was settled in Yangzhou by the Southern Tang Dynasty, gave Han Lingkun the only remaining girl of the Yang family. After learning that Lu Mengjun has been captured and sent his weapons to Haozhou, Yang, who is hiding in the curtain, suddenly wails. Han Lingkun feels strange and asks why. Yang said: "Lu Mengjun went to Tanzhou and killed 200 people in my family, but his concubine was hidden by Ma Xichong. I hope you'll redress my grievances. " Han Lingkun interrogates Lu Mengjun about this. Lu Mengjun pleads guilty and is killed.

Friends of Qiandi

It is said that when Zhao Kuangyin was young, he played chess with Han Lingkun in the earth house. When he saw sparrows fighting outside, he got up to catch them. As a result, the house collapsed. Although this event is to show that Taizu is "the destiny of heaven", it can also confirm that they have close contacts. As "xuzizhitongjian Changbian" says: "Han Lingkun and his colleague Zhou Shi are friendly and friendly."

interpersonal relationship

Table reference

Chinese PinYin : Han Ling Kun