Duan Zhigui

Duan Zhigui

Duan Zhigui (1869-1925), a native of Hefei, Anhui Province, was named Xiangyan. He graduated from Beiyang military academy. He has successively served as the general counsellor of the command and Training Department of the third town of the army. After the Wuchang Uprising, he was appointed by Yuan Shikai as the right wing leader of the Wuwei, who was the governor of Huguang. After the founding of the Republic of China, he served as the commander-in-chief in Beijing, controlling the army and the right army of Wuwei, succeeding the commander-in-chief of Gongwei army and Chahar Dutong. In 1913, he served as Xuanfu envoy of Jiangxi Province and commander of the first army. In 1915, he was appointed as general Fengtian, and was also appointed as an inspector general. Soon after, he joined forces with the generals of the fourteen provinces to present a secret message to Yuan Shikai and support the monarchy. In 1917, with Duan Qirui attacking Zhang Xun, he was once the commander of the Beijing police and the chief of the army. In 1919, he was appointed commander of the capital garrison. The next year, he served as the commander in chief of the former enemy of Anhui in the Zhiwan war. He died in Tianjin.

Life

Duan Zhigui, whose name is Xiangyan, was born in 1869 in Hefei, Anhui Province. After graduating from Tianjin Beiyang military academy, he stayed in the school to teach, and later worked in Huaijun. In 1895, he joined the new army and successively served as the pioneer inspector of the supervision team, the leader of the second battalion of the left wing of the brigade, the commander of the battalion Affairs Office, the instructor of the martial arts school, and the Taoist priest. After 1902, he successively served as the general office of the general staff office of the military and Political Department of Zhili, the general office of the general patrol Bureau of Tianjin south section, and the donation of Tianjin patrol project. In February 1905, he served as the commander of the third town, and later as the general staff officer and supervisor of the supervision and training department. In 1907, he was appointed as the general office of the military affairs department of the three eastern provinces. On April 27 of the same year, he was appointed as the governor of Heilongjiang Province. On May 7, he was dismissed for bribery. In 1910, he was appointed as the Mongolian capital of Xianghong banner. During the 1911 Revolution, he nursed the governor of Huguang on November 14 and served as the right wing chief of the right wing of the Wuwei army in December. In the first year of the Republic of China, he served as commander-in-chief in Beijing. On May 1, the right army of Wuwei reorganized Gongwei army and became commander-in-chief of Gongwei army. On December 22, he served as the governor of Chahar. During the "second revolution" in July 1913, he was appointed as Xuanfu envoy and commander of the first army in Jiangxi Province on the 16th. He led the army to the south to suppress the yuan army in Jiangxi Province. He was also Xuanfu envoy and commander of the first army in Anhui Province, and was awarded general of the army. On February 1, 1914, he was the governor of Hubei, and on June 30, he was the general of Zhangwu to supervise the military affairs of Hubei. On August 22, 1915, he was transferred to be the governor of Fengtian, the general of Zhen'an, and the governor of the three eastern provinces. In September, he also served as the patrol envoy of Fengtian. In December, he was granted the first rank by Yuan Shikai. After Yuan Shikai died in June 1916, he resigned from the military post of Fengtian general on the 20th and returned to Tianjin. In July 1917, he served as the commander-in-chief of the East Road of the rebel army during the campaign against Zhang Xun's restoration. On July 17, he served as the commander-in-chief of the capital garrison. On August 11, he was awarded general Fu weishang. On August 18, he was changed to the commander-in-chief of the capital garrison. On October 9, he was awarded a medal. He was the army chief on December 18. On January 11, 1919, he went to the post of commander-in-chief, and on September 3, he was changed to commander-in-chief of the Beijing Garrison. In July 1920, during the Zhi Wan war, he served as commander of the west route of the Dingguo army of the Wan Department, which was defeated by the Zhi army. In August, he was wanted and lived in Tianjin. Later, he was pardoned and lived in Tianjin. In the winter of 1924, he participated in the establishment of the Duan government. He died in Tianjin on March 22, 1925, in 1956. He once wrote Zhuang You Ji.

anecdote

In his life, Duan Zhigui often used the beauty trick in order to climb the dragon and attach the Phoenix, get rich and seek personal gain. In 1900, Yuan Shikai was appointed governor of Zhili by the Qing government. Duan Zhigui, who yuan Jidiao took refuge in himself and got his own esteem, was the general patrol office of Tianjin north section. However, Duan was not satisfied with this. Aiming at Yuan's greed for money and lust, he threw himself in his favor and bought many famous prostitutes and beauties for yuan. This move won yuan's favor. Under yuan's recommendation, Duan became a patrol road in Tianjin. The first test of the beauty trick was successful, and Duan was elated. Since then, he has directed two well-known beauty tricks.

In 1907, Yi Zhe, the prince of Qing, was appointed Minister of military aircraft, with a high position and great momentum. His son Zaizhen was appointed Minister of the Ministry of agriculture, industry and Commerce and former royal minister. Once Zaizhen passed by Tianjin on his way to the three eastern provinces. Yang Cuixi, who envies Tianjin for its fairy like appearance and outstanding intelligence, wanted to be a concubine, but Yang refused. Duan Zhigui, as an entourage, heard that he used his power to coerce Yang's father and brother into giving him 10000 liang of silver as a ransom. The Yang family was forced to agree. Duan then sent his entourage to send yang to zaizhendi in the middle of the night. Zaizhen is very happy to thank Duan Zhigui for his success. He invited his father face to face and praised Duan for his outstanding achievements. Please use it unconventionally. His father asked Cixi to issue an instruction immediately: "he ordered Tianjin patrol daoduan Zhigui to bestow a gift on the buzhengshi to act as the governor of Heilongjiang Province, and immediately went to take up his duties." When Zhao Qilin, the imperial censor, heard of Duan's above-mentioned affair, he wrote a memorial for impeachment. Major newspapers such as Shenbao and the times did not hesitate to make follow-up reports. However, Zhao's impeachment failed, and Zhao himself was dismissed from his post by Prince Qing, who was good at serving the imperial edict and slandering the noble and important officials. Later, when Cen Chunxuan, who was always upright and outspoken, visited Duan, he was rejected by Duan's messengers. Cen was so angry that he wrote a memorial to Duan: "Duan Zhigui is the son of zaoban, a slave of Li's family, who is despised by many people for offering prostitutes to take advantage of his fortune. It's against the official's maxim to order him to be a feudal official." We also met with Cixi to make a detailed complaint. Cixi was so angry that she issued a new decree to remove Duan from his post. I was already on my way to my post, and when I received the letter, it was like a bolt from the blue. I was very depressed, so I had to turn back in the middle. Zaizhen had to resign because of this, but Yang Cuixi's name stirred the whole country.

Seven years later, in 1914, when Duan Zhigui was in charge of Hubei, Duan performed the same scene. At that time, yuan Keding, the son of Yuan Shikai, came to Wuhan for business. One day, when he was watching a play in Yiyuan, he saw Wang Keqin, a well-known Kunling in the north and south. Duan found out Yuan Zhi, that is, he visited Wang Keqin twice, and spent 8000 yuan to buy furniture and daily necessities for Wang, hoping to contribute Wang to yuan. After the news came out, Yiyuan was very busy both inside and outside. Hu Shi'an, the manager of Da Han Bao, heard that they were about two people. They went to Yiyuan to watch the drama in order to see the real and the false. Later that night, in "Meilong town", Wang Keqin plays Sister Feng. There is a line in the play that says: "Junye has money, you can't buy things that Sister Feng doesn't sell." When Wang said this, he looked obliquely at the balcony and was very angry. It turns out that the audience in the building is Duan Dang. Hu Shi'an's investigation was correct. After returning to the society, Hu Shi'an borrowed the topic and published the satirical paragraph of the review of "falling flowers have owners". Duan Yuebao was furious and resentful, looking for opportunities for revenge. At that time, Bai Lang attacked Laohekou, and Da Han Bao published a column of "the theory of wolf disaster in Central Plains" according to Shi Zhishu. Duan weixie slandered Da Han Bao's fornication with Bai Lang and fabricated the "newspaper office banditry case". He ordered the closure of the case on the charge of "leaking military aircraft, advocating disorder of the party, disturbing public order, and shaking people's hearts". He also arrested Hu Shi'an, the manager of the newspaper, and more than ten people, including directors, distributors, and visitors, and sent them to the Information Office of the trial department of the army for the death of Hu Shi'an and others. However, under the pressure of all social parties at that time, Duan's plot did not succeed. Hu and others were only sentenced to short-term imprisonment. When Duan left Hubei in 1915, Hu and others were released before their sentence was completed.

In the middle of the Zhi Wan war, Zhigui took the train as the headquarters, and played mahjong during the war. As the commander in chief, it's no wonder that the WAN army was vulnerable. Xiao Duan was famous for playing mahjong in the Beiyang era. At that time, Liang Shiyi, Duan Zhigui, Wang Kemin, sun Muhan, pan Fu and Zhang arc were good at playing mahjong. In particular, Liang, Duan, Wang and sun would gather almost every night and often gamble until dawn. Liang Shiyi is not limited in size, and often looks at business affairs on the card table.

Xiaoduan was on the card table to command the Zhiwan war. The news of defeat came that before the card game ended, she cried out to run away by train. Later, it became a joke in Beijing, which was listed as a good story in the unofficial history of Zhiwan war.

Poor Duan Qirui used Duan Zhigui and Qu Tongfeng as two generals. How can he not be defeated.

Duan Zhigui fled back to Beijing after being defeated. At that time, his newsletters in Shanghai newspapers became a joke, as follows:

Duan Zhigui, commander-in-chief of the Dingguo army, supervised the battle of the former enemy. His office was on the train. There is a wooden plate hanging in front of the car and the four characters "general headquarters" written in big letters. There are more than 100 people working there. In addition to military goods, there are 14 sets of cigarette guns and trays, hundreds of dozen of Ho Ho water, seven sets of sparrow brand, and 24 chief food officers. He was in contact with Zhijun, and the battle was a small setback. The followers knew that they would not be lucky. They advised Xiaoduan to do it early. Xiaoduan said, "I swear to live and die with Dingguo army. You are afraid of death, so please go back to Beijing." Many of them are strong with their words, but they all retreat without words. On the 13th, a battalion of the direct army came to feign surrender. Duan Yi boasted. In the middle of the night, the army descended to attack the headquarters, and a small section fell from the car and fainted. Hiding for a station master. At dawn, the feigned surrender army retreated, and the stationmaster sent it back to the headquarters. From the group to ask, small paragraph said: "this is not strange, a gentleman can deceive with its side, no injury." Check the Opium in the car, lie down and smoke it. Many people rely on it for its calmness. The next night, he heard a gunshot in the northwest, and all his attendants went to the commander's bedroom to ask for instructions. Xiao Duan had disappeared. He was able to find out that his army was on guard. Although people were at ease, the commander-in-chief was missing. He searched everywhere and harassed all night. The next morning, he found it in the village firewood pile. So all the people laughed, and the prestige of the commander-in-chief was ruined. When the enemy's 15 divisions are defeated, the first division will not be defeated. When he saw the commander-in-chief's train heading north, he knew that the general was ready to flee, so he fired with machine guns. However, Duan urgently ordered the train to hang a dragon's head and flee back to Beijing. Hundreds of soldiers along the road stopped the way and planned to tell Xiaoduan about the shooting and killing of each other after the first division. Xiaoduan didn't care about life or death, but only drove and killed many people. When he arrived at his home in Beijing, his family gathered to inquire. He only touched his head with his hand. He even called out that it was very dangerous and there was nothing else to say. After hearing about the accident in the Tibetan section of the station master, he was shot dead by the direct army. Xiaoduan kowtows to the sky and cries bitterly. He is called a life-saving benefactor and a monk at home,

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