Wei strike

Marquis Wu of Wei Dynasty

Marquis Wu of Wei Dynasty? In 371 BC, surnamed Ji, surnamed Wei, Mingjian, was the son of marquis Wen of Wei. He was the king of Wei in the early Warring States period. He was in power from 395 BC to 370 BC (Shiji and Zizhitongjian mistakenly recorded that Marquis Wu of Wei ascended the throne in 387 BC, and 386 BC was the first year of marquis Wu of Wei). According to Bamboo Annals, he ascended the throne in 396 B.C., and the first year of marquis Wu in 395 B.C.). He was the second generation monarch of Wei state after the three Jin Dynasties. During his reign, he pushed the century old hegemony of Wei state to the peak again.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Wei Zhen is the great son of Wei family in Jin State, which is also the successor of Wei Wenhou. The Wei family was one of the six ministers of the Jin State. In the cruel struggle of the Qing family, the ancestors of the Wei family deeply realized the importance of inheritors. Wei Wenhou was no exception. He hoped that his descendants would be able to inherit their great deeds. As the eldest son of Wei Wenhou, Wei Ji naturally became the focus of Wei Wenhou.

When Xiao Weiji was not yet an adult, he arranged for Tian Zifang's Confucian celebrities to be his teachers to teach him how to manage his family, govern the country and even the world. Under his father's careful instruction and cultivation, Wei Ji gradually grew into a talented political newcomer.

Young Wei Ji soon became his father's right-hand man. In 412 B.C. (34th year of Wei Wenhou), Wei Ji was ordered to lead the army to attack Fandi and Pangdi (about southeast of Hancheng, Shaanxi Province), and moved the local people into the territory of Wei. This is the earliest record of Wei Ji's expedition found in historical materials. This year, Wei was in his twenties.

In 408 BC, marquis Wen of Wei planned to build Zhongshan state. Zhai Huang, a minister of Wei, recommended LeYang, a native of Zhongshan. Wei Wenhou immediately appointed LeYang, and LeYang became the marshal of Wei army to attack Zhongshan. After all, keleyang is a native of Zhongshan, and Leshu, the son of LeYang, is a general under the command of Duke Wu of Zhongshan. Sending another old general to go, on the contrary, it seems that Wei Wenhou is suspicious of his personnel, which hurts the hearts of scholars. So Wei Wenhou decided to send his son Wei Ji out with the army.

Although Zhongshan is not a mainstream power, it has a strong civil style and a strong military. Moreover, Wei's fiefdom (at this time, the three families were not divided into Jin Dynasty) was thousands of miles away from Zhongshan state, with Zhao's fiefdom in the middle. The expedition is bound to mobilize the masses, so there is no surprise attack. This is a tough test for Wei Ji.

In 407 B.C., the Wei army captured Gucheng, the capital of Zhongshan state (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province), annexed the whole territory of Zhongshan state, and established a base in the center of Zhao's fiefdom. LeYang was granted Lingshou (now the northwest of Lingshou, Hebei Province) because of his military achievements, while the prince Wei Ji was granted Zhongshan Jun. assisted by Zhao cangtang, he took charge of Zhongshan alone.

In 403 BC, King Zhou Weilie was frightened by the strength of the alliance of the three Jin Dynasties, and had to agree to canonize Weisi, Zhao Ji, and Han Qian as princes. Han, Zhao, and Wei divided the state of Jin.

Succession to the throne

In 396 B.C., Wei Wenhou died, and Wei Ji succeeded as the monarch of the state of Wei. Just one year after Marquis Wu of Wei ascended the throne, Li Zhen, the elder of the dynasty, unfortunately died. Li Zhen was one of the forerunners of Legalists. Marquis Wu of Wei could only take charge of the state affairs of Wei according to his father's national policies and laws. Fortunately, my father left me a very strong family background. After a short rest, marquis Wu of Wei was finally able to show his ambition and fight in the world.

fight north and south

In 393 BC (the third year of marquis Wu), the state of Wei fought on two fronts, attacking the state of Zheng and the state of Qin at the same time, and built a city in suanzao (now southwest of Yanjin in Henan Province) to control the state of Zheng. The famous general Wu Qi defeated the Qin army in Zhucheng (now Linru County in Henan Province).

In 391 B.C. (the 5th year of marquis Wu), marquis Wu of Wei called on Korea and Zhao to form the alliance of the three Jin Dynasties for the first time since he ascended the throne. The alliance of the three Jin Dynasties defeated the Chu troops in Daliang (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) and Yuguan (now southwest Zhongmou, Henan Province). The three Jin Dynasties captured Daliang, the military important town of Chu state, took Xiangling (now Ju county in Henan Province) lightly, and took advantage of the situation to wipe out the remaining Chu army, advancing towards the hinterland of Chu state. The court Hall of the state of Chu was in a state of terror. The king of Chu sent envoys to ask for peace from the three Jin Dynasties. The three Jin Dynasties refused to retreat. In mourning for the king, Chu sent people to Qin with their belongings and treasures, bribed Duke Hui of Qin, and asked the state of Qin to make peace with the three Jin Dynasties. Qin Huigong took bribes and sent troops to attack South Korea, the weakest of the three Jin Dynasties, and captured six cities in Yiyang (now the west of Yiyang, Henan Province). Forced by the attack from behind the state of Qin, the three Jin Dynasties relaxed the pressure on the state of Chu. On the other hand, Chu mourned that Wang sent envoys to the state of Qi, hoping that the state of Qi could intervene in the war in the Central Plains, assist the state of Chu in conspiring for the three Jin Dynasties, and reduce its positive pressure.

In 390 B.C. (6th year of marquis Wu), when Marquis Wu of Wei saw a fire in his backyard, he helped the Han Army to attack the main force of the Qin army, and fought with the Qin army in Wucheng (now Huaxian East, Shaanxi Province) to win or lose. Wuqi set up Shanxian County (now the old Shanxian County in the west of Sanmenxia in Henan Province) to closely watch the movements of the Qin army. At the end of the struggle between the three Jin Dynasty and the state of Chu, the state of Qi Chen he led the army to attack the Wei army stationed in Xiangling, and took the opportunity to occupy Xiangling city.

In 389 BC (the 7th year of marquis Wu), the state of Qin attacked Yinjin, an important town on the road of Qin army's eastward advance. Qin army arranged troops outside the city, and a big war was imminent. Marquis Wu of Wei personally went to the front line to reward the soldiers, and the morale of the Wei army was high. Wu Qi led 50000 Wei troops, including 500 chariots and 3000 cavalry, to fight back against the Qin army. The Wei army fought bravely and took Wu Qi as a general. Each of them defeated the Qin army and achieved brilliant and decisive results outside the city of yin and Jin, which is known as the "battle of yin and Jin" in history. After the war, Wu Qi led his troops into the Guanzhong Plain and swept across the Hexi river.

In 387 BC (the 9th year of marquis Wu), Wu Qi led the army to attack the Qin army, defeated the Qin army again, and the remaining troops gathered hastily in Wuxia (now east of Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province), and pushed forward to the hinterland of the Qin state. Duke Zhong's estrangement led to Wu Qi's defection to Chu. In this year, Duke Huigong of Qin died, and Chang, a two-year-old son, succeeded to the throne for Qin. His mother, his wife, was in power, and the state of Qin was further reduced.

In 386 BC (the 10th year of marquis Wu), marquis Wu of Wei thought that he had made brilliant achievements. Tian He wanted to take the place of the Jiang family to become a vassal. He asked the king of Zhou an for the title through the Marquis Wu of Wei. The Marquis Wu of Wei put pressure on the emperor of Zhou. The emperor of Zhou had to canonize Yu Tian He as the Marquis of Qi. In history, Tian He was called "Tian's generation of Qi", and Tian He was the Grand Duke of Qi. In this year, Zhao Jinghou moved his capital to Handan. Zhao Dynasty, the son of Zhao Wugong, disobeyed Zhao Jinghou's orders and defected to the state of Wei. Wei Wuhou conspired to manipulate the government of Zhao, so he accepted Zhao Dynasty and helped Zhao Dynasty attack Handan. The relationship between Wei and Zhao was broken. In the same year, Shixi, the son of Qin, returned to China, and Chugong was killed. Shixi became the king of Qin for the sake of Qin Xiangong.

In 383 B.C. (the 13th year of marquis Wu), marquis Zhao Jinghou set foot in the Central Plains and attacked Wei state, a subsidiary state of Wei state. Wei Shengong couldn't resist it, so he rushed to ask for help from Marquis Wu of Wei. Marquis Wu of Wei sent troops to defeat Zhao army in Tutai (now southwest of Qingfeng, Henan). This is the first battle between Wei and Zhao after the war of Jinyang, marking the collapse of the alliance of the three Jin Dynasties.

In 382 B.C. (the 14th year of marquis Wu), marquis Zhao Jinghou was dissatisfied with the interference of marquis Wu of Wei in the expansion of the state of Wei. He built Gangping city (now southwest of Qingfeng County in Henan Province), and decided to attack the state of Wei again. Wei Marquis Wu united with Qi Marquis Shan to resist Zhao army. Wei Shengong fought until Zhongmou (now Hebi west of Henan Province) with the support of Wei and Qi, and even sent troops to capture Zhao's gang Ping. He captured a large area of land in Hedong of Zhao state. The contradiction between Zhao state and Wei state, Qi State and Wei state escalated.

In 381 B.C. (the 15th year of marquis Wu), Zhao sent troops to attack and invade the local guards. Marquis Wu of Wei sent troops to attack Zhao on a large scale. Marquis Jing of Zhao sent envoys to the state of Chu for help. The king of Chu sent troops to assist Zhao and attack the rear of Wei, which made it difficult for the state of Wei to look after the head and tail. Zhao Jinghou took the opportunity to counterattack and captured jipuyi of Wei state (now the south of Weixian County in Hebei Province), and soon occupied Huangcheng (now the west of Huanghe in Henan Province). In view of the weariness of multi line operations and the growing rise of Qi, Chu and other powers, marquis Wu of Wei had to seek peace from Marquis Jing of Zhao, hoping to relive the old dream of the three Jin Alliance. Zhao Jinghou also hoped to divide the spoils of war with the powerful Wei state in a peaceful way, so that the three Jin Dynasties could unite again.

In 380 BC (16bc), Chen Houshan attacked the state of Yan and occupied sangqiu (now southwest of Xushui, Hebei). Yan Jiangong asks Zhao Jinghou for help. Zhao Jinghou immediately informs Wei Wuhou and Han Wenhou of the important affairs of the general plane. The kings of the three Jin Dynasties led their own armies, and the soldiers were united to save the state of Yan and defeat the Qi army.

In 378 BC (17th year of marquis Wu), Tian Qi refused to accept the three Jin Dynasties and sent troops to attack Yan again. Yan Jiangong still asked for help like Zhao. Zhao Jinghou led an army to attack Qi. Under the influence of Zhao Jinghou, Wei Wuhou and Han Wenhou were soon involved in the war. The three Jin Dynasties united again and defeated the Qi army. Fearing the power of the three Jin Dynasties, the Qi army retreated continuously. The three Jin Dynasties invaded the territory of Tianqi. Only when they came to Lingqiu (now gaotangnan in Shandong Province), did they retreat and Zhongshan restored the country.

In 377 B.C. (18th year of marquis Wu), he fought with Duke Huan of Zhongshan in Huishui and was defeated.

In 375 B.C. (the 20th year of marquis Wu), marquis Wu of Wei decided to take the initiative and fight against the Chu army in Yuguan.

In 373 B.C. (22nd year of marquis Wu), marquis Wu of Wei was killed by Chen Houshan. Chen houwu (that is, Tian Wu, Duke Huan of Qi) was established at the beginning. The country was unstable. The United States of Yan, Lu and Wei launched a large-scale campaign against Tian Qi. The Yan army was defeated in Linhu; the Lu army attacked Qi to Yangguan, and the Wei army attacked Qi to Boling (now the northwest of ebping, Shandong).

In 372 BC (23rd year of marquis Wu), because of the death of Wei Shengong, the state of Wei suspended the military action in response to Marquis Wu of Wei. This year, Wei Shenggong ascended the throne and captured Xueling (northeast of Dongyang Valley). Zhao Chenghou peeped at every move of the princes in the Central Plains. He watched Wei and Lu all send troops to attack Qi. The Wei Kingdom, which was close to him, was empty. He rushed to attack Wei Kingdom and even went down to 73 cities. Wei Shenggong commented on Wei Wuhou.

Chinese PinYin : Wei Ji